Hermenêutica e educação campesina - As contribuições de Paul Ricoeur para o ensino de filosofia na Escola Estadual Agrícola David Aires França

The perspective of this work was to make an analysis on a practice in Philosophy Teaching given at Escola Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França, located in the rural area of the City of Arraias - TO, aiming to investigate the contributions and from them, the searches for integrate Philosophy Teaching in a rural school, as a process of belonging, which leads to the acquisition of knowledge and recognition of the self, the other and their cultural context in the process of Education of thought, in the light of the hermeneutical theory of Jean Paul Gustave Ricoeur ). The study aims to integrate thought and practice, considering PROF-FILO as a Postgraduate Program that points out issues that emphasize the interlocution of the praxis of a research with its destiny: The school floor in the process of building knowledge in everyday life of the classroom. In the first chapter, A Philosophical Perspective of Hermeneutics in Education Paul Ricoeur presents the main influences on education that Paul Ricoeur produced in contemporary hermeneutic thought. It is demonstrated how he brought to the scene theories such as pragmatics and hermeneutics that, today, figure as protagonists on the scene of the philosophical world. Based on the philosophical foundations that paved the way for philosophical hermeneutical thinking in education, in the second chapter, The Teaching of Philosophy in Peasant Education in the Light of Paul Ricoeur's Thought, a historical abbreviated presentation on the challenges for implementing peasant education and Philosophy teaching in Brazil and the importance of Ricouerian hermeneutics in this context. In the third and last chapter, the role of a peasant school in promoting autonomy, social justice and human dignity is addressed, through a practice of openness to a dialectical perspective, in a dialogical process in which the student is asked to inquire, criticize, create, reflect and act. Also noteworthy are the relationships developed at the school, the mediations and experiences of the entities that compose it and build the entity: Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França.A perspectiva deste trabalho foi fazer uma análise sobre uma prática no Ensino de Filosofia ministrado na Escola Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França, localizada na zona rural da Cidade de Arraias – TO, objetivando investigar as contribuições e a partir delas, as buscas para integrar o Ensino de Filosofia em uma escola campesina, como processo de pertença, que leve à aquisição de conhecimento e reconhecimento de si, do outro e de seu contexto cultural no processo da educação do pensamento, à luz da teoria hermenêutica de Jean Paul Gustave Ricoeur ( 1913 – 2005). O estudo visa integrar o pensamento e a prática, considerando o PROF-FILO um Programa de Pós-Graduação que aponta questões que enfatiza a interlocução da práxis de uma pesquisa com o seu destino: O chão da escola no processo de construção do saber no cotidiano da sala de aula. No primeiro capítulo, Uma Perspectiva Filosófica da Hermenêutica na Educação Em Paul Ricoeur, são apresentadas as principais influências para a educação que Paul Ricoeur produziu no pensamento hermenêutico contemporâneo. É demonstrado como ele trouxera à cena teorias como a pragmática e à hermenêutica que, hoje, figuram como protagonistas no cenário do mundo filosófico. A partir das bases filosóficas que abriram caminho para o pensamento hermenêutico filosófico na educação, no segundo capítulo, O Ensino de Filosofia na Educação Campesina à Luz do Pensamento de Paul Ricoeur, é apresentado um abreviado histórico sobre os desafios para implementação da educação campesina e do Ensino de Filosofia no Brasil e a importância da hermenêutica ricoueriana nesse contexto. No terceiro e último capítulo, é abordada a função de uma escola campesina na promoção da autonomia, da justiça social e da dignidade humana, mediante uma prática de abertura a uma perspectiva dialética, em um processo dialógico no qual o aluno seja levado a indagar, criticar, criar, refletir e agir. Destaca-se também, as relações desenvolvidas na escola as mediações e experiências dos entes que a compõe e constroem a entidade: Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo integral Agrícola David Aires França

Comparison of the human immune responses to recombinant proteins representing three distinct surface proteins of Plasmodium vivax merozoites

Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaUniversidade Federal do Pará Departamento de PatologiaCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Parasitic DiseasesInstituto Evandro ChagasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Departamento de ParasitologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de Microbiologia, Imunologia e ParasitologiaSciEL

PRIMEIRAS EXPERIÊNCIAS NA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA DA UFT/ARRAIAS: A INSERÇÃO DA MÚSICA NO ESPAÇO ESCOLAR CAMPESINO

O PRP vem contribuir para o crescimento dos futuros professores, permitindo a oportunidade de participar na prática da realidade da escola, estando envolvidos nas discussões promovidas, além preparar os acadêmicos na elaboração do plano de atividades das aulas, projetos e a sistematização dos registros que, de forma significativa estão contribuindo para uma mudança de perspectivas dos alunos da Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França, escola esta que participa do RP selecionada pela Capes, e também, através do projeto Institucional e do Subprojeto “O Ensino de Música nas Escolas do Campo”

AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A FANFARRA DA ESCOLA ESTADUAL GIRASSOL DE TEMPO INTEGRAL AGRÍCOLA DAVID AIRES FRANÇA PELO PROGRAMA RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA DA UFT/ARRAIAS

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um relato das experiências como residente do Programa Residência Pedagógica - PRP do Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo – Códigos e Linguagens Artes Visuais e Música da Universidade Federal do Tocantins em Arraias, destacando os desafios enfrentados para se concretizar o ensino da música nas escolas de Educação Básica, destacando também as experiências vivenciadas no processo de reorganização e reativação da fanfarra da Escola parceira no RP

A IMPORTÂNCIA DO RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA DA UFT/ARRAIAS NAS ESCOLAS DO CAMPO E A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA OFICINA DE FLAUTA-DOCE

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o relato de experiência como residente do Programa Residência Pedagógica, vinculado ao Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo Códigos e Linguagens Artes Visuais e Música da Universidade Federal do Tocantins - Campus de Arraias, tendo como campo de atuação, a Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França

RESIDÊNCIA PEDAGÓGICA DA UFT/ARRAIAS E O ENSINO DE MÚSICA EM UMA ESCOLA DO CAMPO

Este relato de experiência tem o objetivo de apresentar as atividades realizadas pelos residentes do Programa Residência Pedagógica (PRP) na Escola Estadual Girassol de Tempo Integral Agrícola David Aires França. No intuito de fortalecer as práticas que envolvem o processo ensino-aprendizagem de música na Educação Básica, nas etapas de ambientação e imersão na Escola-Campo foram realizadas oficinas de música, dentre elas: “Repentiando e Improvisando”, a qual proporcionou uma rica experiência para a docência

Increased interleukin-10 and interferon-γ levels in Plasmodium vivax malaria suggest a reciprocal regulation which is not altered by IL-10 gene promoter polymorphism

Background\ud In human malaria, the naturally-acquired immune response can result in either the elimination of the parasite or a persistent response mediated by cytokines that leads to immunopathology. The cytokines are responsible for all the symptoms, pathological alterations and the outcome of the infection depends on the reciprocal regulation of the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL-10 and IFN-gamma are able to mediate this process and their production can be affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on gene of these cytokines. In this study, the relationship between cytokine IL-10/IFN-gamma levels, parasitaemia, and their gene polymorphisms was examined and the participation of pro-inflammatory and regulatory balance during a natural immune response in Plasmodium vivax-infected individuals was observed.\ud \ud Methods\ud The serum levels of the cytokines IL-4, IL-12, IFN-gamma and IL-10 from 132 patients were evaluated by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The polymorphism at position +874 of the IFN-gamma gene was identified by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR) method, and the polymorphism at position -1082 of the IL-10 gene was analysed by PCR-RFLP (PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism).\ud \ud Results\ud The levels of a pro- (IFN-gamma) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were significantly higher in P. vivax-infected individuals as compared to healthy controls. The IFN-gamma levels in primoinfected patients were significantly higher than in patients who had suffered only one and more than one previous episode. The mutant alleles of both IFN-gamma and IL-10 genes were more frequent than the wild allele. In the case of the IFNG+874 polymorphism (IFN-gamma) the frequencies of the mutant (A) and wild (T) alleles were 70.13% and 29.87%, respectively. Similar frequencies were recorded in IL-10-1082, with the mutant (A) allele returning a frequency of 70.78%, and the wild (G) allele a frequency of 29.22%. The frequencies of the alleles associated with reduced production of both IFN-gamma and IL-10 were high, but this effect was only observed in the production of IFN-gamma.\ud \ud Conclusions\ud This study has shown evidence of reciprocal regulation of the levels of IL-10 and IFN-gamma cytokines in P. vivax malaria, which is not altered by the presence of polymorphism in the IL-10 gene.This research was funded by the National Research Council from Brazil (CNPq-620139/2006-4) and Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa do Estado do Pará (FAPESPA- 042/2007) with financial support to MGC, scholarships from CNPq to SPTC and FAPESPA to TSM. The authors thank Fundação Centro de Hemoterapia e Hematologia do Pará (HEMOPA) for providing the control group samples. We thank Julius C. Haffala for reviewing the manuscript

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Morphological changes and quality of papaya seeds as correlated to their location within the fruit and ripening stages

Papaya seeds presents irregular and slow germination. In this sense, the evaluation of the internal morphology of the seeds may be viable and complementary in evaluating the physiological quality of seed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and physiological quality of papaya seeds extracted at different ripeness stages of the fruit and the position inside of the fruit. Papaya fruits were harvested at maturity stage 1 and the seeds extracted in stages 1, 3, 5 and full maturation. The fruits were cut into three portions of equal size. Seeds of the central portion and extremities were extracted separately. Were determined: seed germination (%), dormant seeds (%), accelerated aging, X-ray test and seedling length. A randomized design factorial was used with four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The results demonstrated that the post-harvest maturity of fruits improves the physiological quality of papaya seeds, promoting a reduction in the number of dormant and non-viable seeds. High physiological quality seeds is obtained from the central portion of fruits at fifth and final maturation stages, corresponding from 75% to 100% of maturation, respectively. The X-ray test proved to be adequate to evaluate the morphological quality of papaya seed, allowing distinguish between empty seeds and seed with normal embryo within a sample.Semillas de papaya presentan germinación irregular y lenta. En este sentido, la evaluación de la morfología interna de las semillas puede constituir una alternativa viable y complementaria en la evaluación de la calidad fisiológica de la semilla. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las alteraciones morfológicas y la calidad fisiológica de semillas de papaya extraídas en diferentes etapas de la maduración de las frutas y las diferentes posiciones dentro de la fruta. Frutos de papaya fueron cosechados en la etapa 1 de la madurez y las semillas se extrajeron en etapas 1, 3, 5 y final. Las frutas se cortaron en porciones de igual tamaño. Semillas de la porción central y las extremidades se extrajeron por separado. Se determinaron: la germinación de semillas (%), semillas dormantes (%), la prueba de envejecimiento acelerado, los rayos X y la longitud de las plántulas. El experimento se realizó en un diseño factorial con cuatro repeticiones. Datos fueron sujetos a análisis de varianza y medios de tratamiento se compararon mediante la prueba de Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. Los resultados demostraron que la maduración posterior a la cosecha de fruta mejora la calidad de las semillas de papaya, con una reducción en el número de semillas dormantes y no viables. Alta calidad fisiológica de las semillas se obtiene de la parte central de los frutos en la etapa de maduración 5 y final, que corresponde al 75% y 100% de la maduración, respectivamente. La prueba de rayos X es adecuada para evaluar la calidad morfológica de las semillas de papaya y permite distinguir entre las semillas vacías y semillas con embrión normal dentro de una muestra