The formation of primary education principals in educational reforms in Mexico

En México, como en otros países de América Latina, los directores de educación primaria no reciben una formación inicial para las funciones que llegan a desempeñar. Sin embargo, en el marco de las reformas educativas asisten a cursos ofertados por la autoridad educativa federal. Por eso con el objetivo de recuperar las acciones y resultados de formación implementadas en las reformas educativas en México de 1992 a 2016, esta investigación presenta un análisis sobre esos programas de formación. A partir de una revisión documental se construyeron cuatro categorías de análisis: programas implementados en cada sexenio; las instancias o responsables de brindar esa formación; los procesos o estrategias implementados; y los resultados obtenidos en cada programa. Los principales hallazgos son: en el transcurso de cinco sexenios sólo han existido 3 programas de formación; pero las estrategias y actores utilizados no fueron las correctas; finalmente, las valoraciones que son más cuantitativas que cualitativas indican que sí impactaron en la formaciónIn Mexico, as in other Latin America countries, primary schools principals do not receive initial formation for their functions as principals. However, as part of the actions of educational reforms, they attend courses provided by the federal educational authority. So, with the objective of recovering the formation actions and results implemented in educational reforms in Mexico since 1992 to 2106, this research presents an analysis about that principals formation programs. Through a documental review, four categories of analysis were elaborated: programs implemented in each six–year period; responsible for providing such formation; processes or strategies implemented in each program; and results in each program. The main findings are: over the course of five six–year period there have been 3 formation programs; but strategies and trainers were no the right ones; finally, evaluations that are more quantitative than qualitative indicate that they did impact the formatio

Cytotoxicity of three new triazolo-pyrimidine derivatives against the plant trypanosomatid: Phytomonas sp isolated from Euphorbia characias

There is no effective chemotherapy against diseases caused by Phytomonas sp., a plant trypanosomatid responsible for economic losses in major crops. We tested three triazolo-pyrimidine complexes [two with Pt(II), and another with Ru(III)] against promastigotes of Phytomonas sp. isolated from Euphorbia characias. The incorporation of radiolabelled precursors, ultrastructural alterations and changes in the pattern of metabolite excretion were examined. Different degrees of toxicity were found for each complex: the platinun compound showed an inhibition effect on nucleic acid synthesis, provoking alterations on the levels of mitochondria, nucleus and glycosomes. These results, together with others reported previously in our laboratory about the activity of pyrimidine derivatives, reflect the potential of these compounds as agents in the treatment of Phytomonas sp.Financial support Universidad de Granada (Spain), grant BIO 2000-1429

Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909 (Nematoda: Ascarididae) in Mexico: three clinical cases from the Peninsula of Yucatan

Human lagochilascariasis (HL) is a parasite produced by Lagochilascaris minor Leiper 1909 that also can be found in cats and dogs. HL is considered an emerging zoonosis in the Americas, spreading from Mexico to Argentina, and the Caribbean Islands. The present paper describes three HL cases from the Peninsula of Yucatan, Mexico, recorded in the last decade. It describes the characteristics of the lesions and discusses the route of transmission in humans and particularly in the observed patients.La Lagochilascariasis humana (HL) es producida por Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909; el cual es un parásito que puede ser encontrado también en gatos y perros. HL es considerada una zoonosis emergente en América distribuida desde México hasta Argentina y las islas del Caribe. El presente artículo describe tres casos de HL en la Península de Yucatán, México registrados en la última década. Se describen las características de las lesiones y se discute la ruta de transmisión en humanos y particularmente en los pacientes observados

In Silico analysis of protein neoplastic biomarkers for cervix and uterine cancer

Comunicaciones a congreso

EVALUACIÓN DE LOS PESOS ESPECÍFICOS DE FACTORES DE RIESGO EN EL BAJO PESO AL NACER EN LA CIUDAD DE MÉRIDA, YUCATÁN, MÉXICO. ESTUDIO DE CASOS Y CONTROLES

Se evaluo multivariadamente los pesos específicos (PE) de diez y nueve factores de riesgo (FR) en el bajo peso al nacer. Estudio epidemiológico observacional analítico de casos y controles con direccionalidad efecto®FR y temporalidad prospectiva. Se estudiaron 24,676 recién nacidos (1,161 casos y 23,515 controles). Todo recién nacido de término (37 £ semanas de gestación £ 41) con pesos < 2,500 g y ³ 2,500 g fue definido, respectivamente, como caso y como control. Para evaluar los PE de los FR se utilizaron los valores de las razones de momios (RM) del modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Los valores de RM > 1 señalan la contribución positiva de los FR edad materna ³ 36 años, peso materno < 50 kg, estatura materna < 150 cm, antecedentes personales patológicos, edad a la menarca £ 12 años, número de partos = 1, número de partos ³ 5, antecedente de aborto(s), antecedentes obstétricos patológicos, intervalo intergenésico £ 24 meses, nivel socioeconómico bajo, estado civil "no-casada", tabaquismo, alcoholismo, inicio de la atención prenatal a partirde la semana de gestación No. 20, número de consultas prenatales £ 5, tipo de parto o vía de nacimiento abdominal y género femenino del recién nacido. Los valores obtenidos de las RM señalan la contribución positiva en orden numérico ascendente de los FR tipo de parto o vía de nacimiento bdominal, inicio de la atención prenatal a partir de la semana de gestación No. 20, antecedente de aborto(s), antecedentes obstétricos patológicos, número de consultas prenatales £ 5, edad materna ³ 36 años, género femenino del recién nacido, número de partos = 1, nivel socioeconómico bajo, antecedentes personales patológicos, edad a la menarca £ 12 años, estado civil "no-casada", tabaquismo, número de partos ³ 5, intervalo intergenésico £ 24 meses, pesomaterno < 50 kg, alcoholismo y estatura materna < 150 cm.Palabras clave: pesos específicos, factores de riesgo, bajo peso al nacerspecific weights, risk factors, low birth weigh

Lectura de contexto y abordaje psicosocial desde los enfoques narrativos. Ocaña, Medellín, Cúcuta, Arauca, Barrancabermeja, Pamplona.

En el presente trabajo desarrollaremos estrategias mediante el enfoque narrativo para el apoyo psicosocial en los diferentes casos presentados en el trabajo de Evaluación Nacional, en los abordajes terapéuticos y psicosociales de violencias sistémicas para la atención psicosocial a víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, La justificación para adelantar acciones dirigidas a mitigar los impactos de la violencia por el conflicto armado en nuestro país es más que evidente. El apoyo psicosocial se concibe como una iniciativa interdisciplinaria para atender a las víctimas de forma integral, reconociendo el carácter material e inmaterial de los daños ocasionados, el apoyo psicosocial ocupa un espacio muy importante en la atención ya que este se presenta como un apoyo individual y comunitario para que las víctimas hagan frente a el impacto traumático a través del trabajo en el bienestar emocional, fortalecimiento del tejido social y el empoderamiento.In the present work we will develop strategies through the narrative approach for psychosocial support in the different cases presented in the National Assessment work, in the therapeutic and psychosocial approaches of systemic violence for the psychosocial attention to victims of the armed conflict in Colombia, The justification for To advance actions aimed at mitigating the impacts of violence due to the armed conflict in our country is more than evident. Psychosocial support is conceived as an interdisciplinary initiative to care for victims in an integral way, recognizing the material and immaterial nature of the damage caused, psychosocial support occupies a very important space in the care since it is presented as an individual support and community so that victims face the traumatic impact through work on emotional well-being, strengthening the social fabric and empowerment

Re-infestation of houses by <i>Triatoma dimidiata</i> after intradomicile insecticide application in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico

In most countries, Chagas disease transmission control remains based on domestic insecticide application. We thus evaluated the efficacy of infra-domicile cyfluthrin spraying for the control of Triatoma dimidiata, the only Chagas disease vector in the Yucatán peninsula, Mexico, and monitored potential re-infestation every 15 days for up to 9 months. We found that there was a re-infestation of houses by adult bugs starting 4 months after insecticide application, possibly from sylvatic/peridomicile areas. This points out the need to take into account the potential dispersal of sylvatic/peridomestic adult bugs into the domiciles as well as continuity action for an effective vector control.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Use and acceptance of long lasting insecticidal net screens for dengue prevention in Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico

Background Dengue, recognized by the WHO as the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world, is a growing problem. Currently, the only effective way of preventing dengue is vector control. Standard methods have shown limited effect, and there have been calls to develop new integrated vector management approaches. One novel tool, protecting houses with long lasting insecticidal screens on doors and windows, is being trialled in a cluster randomised controlled trial by a joint UADY/WHO TDR/IDRC study in various districts of Acapulco, Mexico, with exceptionally high levels of crime and insecurity. This study investigated the community’s perspectives of long lasting insecticidal screens on doors and windows in homes and in schools, in order to ascertain their acceptability, to identify challenges to further implementation and opportunities for future improvements. Methods This was a sequential mixed-methods study. The quantitative arm contained a satisfaction survey administered to 288 houses that had received the intervention examining their perspectives of both the intervention and dengue prevention in general. The qualitative arm consisted of Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with those who had accepted the intervention and key informant interviews with: schoolteachers to discuss the use of the screens in schools, program staff, and community members who had refused the intervention. Results Overall satisfaction and acceptance of the screens was very high, with only some operational and technical complaints relating to screen fragility and the installation process. However, the wider social context of urban violence and insecurity was a major barrier to screen acceptance. Lack of information dissemination and community collaboration were identified as project weaknesses. Conclusions The screens are widely accepted by the population, but the project implementation could be improved by reassuring the community of its legitimacy in the context of insecurity. More community engagement and better information sharing structures are needed. The screens could be a major new dengue prevention tool suitable for widespread use, if further research supports their entomological and epidemiological effectiveness and their acceptability in different social and environmental contexts. Further research is needed looking at the impact of insecurity of dengue prevention programmes

In-situ and Ex-situ characterization of III-V semiconductor materials and solar cells upon 10 MEV proton irradiation

In this work we present the results and analysis of a 10 MeV proton irradiation experiment performed on III-V semiconductor materials and solar cells. A set of representative devices including lattice-matched InGaP/GaInAs/Ge triple junction solar cells and single junction GaAs and InGaP component solar cells and a Ge diode were irradiated for different doses. The devices were studied in-situ before and after each exposure at dark and 1 sun AM0 illumination conditions, using a solar simulator connected to the irradiation chamber through a borosilicate glass window. Ex-situ characterization techniques included dark and 1 sun AM0 illumination I-V measurements. Furthermore, numerical simulation of the devices using D-AMPS-1D code together with calculations based on the TRIM software were performed in order to gain physical insight on the experimental results. The experiment also included the proton irradiation of an unprocessed Ge solar cell structure as well as the irradiation of a bare Ge(100) substrate. Ex-situ material characterization, after radioactive deactivation of the samples, includes Raman spectroscopy and spectral reflectivity

Estudio de mundos virtuales para mejorar el aprendizaje

Este trabajo de investigación está basado en el tema de tesis de doctorado de Calixto Maldonado, dirigida por el Dr. Manuel Perez Cota de la Universidad de Vigo, que tiene como uno de sus objetivos el estudiar y desarrollar pautas, estrategias y materiales que permitan aprovechar las ventajas del uso de Mundos Virtuales (de aquí en adelante MV) sobre todo aquellos mundos virtuales masivos de juegos de rol o en su sigla en Ingles MMORPG (por Massive Multiuser Online Role Play Games), para impartir educación mejorando la aceptación del mensaje por venir de un canal novedoso, atractivo y familiar para la nueva generación de educandos.Eje: Tecnología Informática Aplicada en EducaciónRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI