The Doctrine Of Comity And The Recognition Of Foreign Decisions In The United States

Maria Jose\u27 Carrascosa is a Spanish citizen who fell in love and subsequently married Peter W. Innes, a citizen from the United States

COxSwAIN: Compressive Sensing for Advanced Imaging and Navigation

The COxSwAIN project focuses on building an image and video compression scheme that can be implemented in a small or low-power satellite. To do this, we used Compressive Sensing, where the compression is performed by matrix multiplications on the satellite and reconstructed on the ground. Our paper explains our methodology and demonstrates the results of the scheme, being able to achieve high quality image compression that is robust to noise and corruption

Projeto PÉS:: movimentos, encontros e influências

Feet Project was created by Rafael Augusto Tursi Matsutacke in 2011 as a Project for Extension and Continuous Action of the University of Brasilia. Composed of people with and without disabilities, we sought to discover and analyze how dance / theater, movements, encounters, moments with the group influence the life of the "dance" and reveal their potential. A qualitative research was carried out with different methods and techniques. The results show that the dancers develop a sense of belonging to the group and actively act to contribute to the excellence of the project. Tursi and the mothers think that Feet Project is the time to become a professional dance company.El Proyecto Pies fue creado por Rafael Augusto Tursi Matsutacke en 2011, como Proyecto de Extensión y Acción Continua de la Universidad de Brasilia. Compuesto por personas con y sin discapacidad, se buscó descubrir y analizar de qué forma la danza / teatro, los movimientos, los encuentros, los momentos con el grupo influencian en la vida de los bailantes y revelan sus potencialidades. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con diferentes métodos y técnicas. Los resultados muestran que los bailarines desarrollan un sentimiento de pertenencia con el grupo y que actúan de forma activa contribuyendo a la excelencia del proyecto. El Tursi y las madres creen que el Proyecto Pies está a la hora de profesionalizarse convirtiéndose en una compañía de danza.O Projeto Pés foi criado por Rafael Augusto Tursi Matsutacke em 2011, como Projeto de Extensão e Ação Contínua da Universidade de Brasília. Composto por pessoas com e sem deficiência, buscou-se descobrir e analisar de que forma a dança/teatro, os movimentos, os encontros, os momentos com o grupo influenciam na vida dos “dançantes” e revelam as suas potencialidades. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com diferentes métodos e técnicas. Os resultados mostram que os dançantes desenvolvem um sentimento de pertencimento com relação ao grupo e que agem de forma ativa contribuindo para a excelência do projeto. Já o Tursi e as mães acham que o Projeto Pés está na hora de se profissionalizar tornando-se uma companhia de dança

Phenotipic integration does not constrain phenotypic plasticity: differential plasticity of traits is associated to their integration across environments

ResearchUnderstanding constraints to phenotypic plasticity is key given its role on the response of organisms to environmental change. It has been suggested that phenotypic integration, the structure of trait covariation, could limit trait plasticity. However, the relationship between plasticity and integration is far from resolved. Using a database of functional plasticity to drought of a Mediterranean shrub that included 20 ecophysiological traits, we assessed environmentally-induced changes in phenotypic integration and whether integration constrained the expression of plasticity, accounting for the within-environment phenotypic variation of traits. Furthermore, we provide the first test of the association between differential trait plasticity and trait integration across an optimum and a stressful environment. Phenotypic plasticity was positively associated with phenotypic integration in both environments, but this relationship was lost when phenotypic variation was considered. The similarity in the plastic response of two traits predicted their integration across environments, with integrated traits having more similar plasticity. Such variation in the plasticity of traits partly explained the lower phenotypic integration found in the stressful environment. We found no evidence that integration may constitute an internal constraint to plasticity. Rather, we present the first empirical demonstration that differences in plastic responses may involve a major reorganization of the relationships among traits, and challenge the notion that stress generally induces a tighter phenotypeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Self-incompatibility in Papaver Pollen:Programmed Cell Death in an Acidic Environment

Self-Incompatibility (SI) is a genetically controlled mechanism that prevents self-fertilisation and thus encourages outbreeding and genetic diversity. During pollination, most SI systems utilise cell-cell recognition to reject incompatible pollen. Mechanistically, one of the best-studied SI systems is that of Papaver rhoeas (poppy), which involves the interaction between the two S-determinants, a stigma-expressed secreted protein (PrsS) and a pollen-expressed plasma-membrane localised protein (PrpS). This interaction is the critical step in determining acceptance of compatible pollen or rejection of incompatible pollen. Cognate PrpS-PrsS interaction triggers a signalling network causing rapid growth arrest and eventually programmed cell death (PCD) in incompatible pollen. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the major components involved in the SI-induced PCD (SI-PCD). In particular, we focus on the importance of SI-induced intracellular acidification and consequences for protein function, and the regulation of soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (Pr-p26.1) activity by post-translational modification. We also discuss attempts at the identification of protease(s) involved in the SI-PCD process. Finally, we outline future opportunities made possible by the functional transfer of the P. rhoeas SI system to Arabidopsis

Slight temperature changes cause rapid transcriptomic responses in Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes.

BACKGROUND: Severe changes in temperature can affect the behavior and ecology of some infectious agents. Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan that causes Chagas disease. This parasite has high genetic variability and can be divided into six discrete typing units (DTUs). Trypanosoma cruzi also has a complex life-cycle, which includes the process of metacyclogenesis when non-infective epimastigote forms are differentiated into infective metacyclic trypomastigotes (MT). Studies in triatomines have shown that changes in temperature also affect the number and viability of MT.METHODS: The objective of this study was to evaluate how temperature affects the transcriptional profiles of T. cruzi I and II (TcI and TcII) MT by exposing parasites to two temperatures (27°C and 28°C) and comparing those to normal culture conditions at 26°C. Subsequently, RNA-seq was conducted and differentially expressed genes were quantified and associated to metabolic pathways.RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed in the number of MT between the temperatures evaluated and the control, TcII DTU was not strongly affected to exposure to high temperatures compared to TcI. Similar results were found when we analyzed gene expression in this DTU, with the greatest number of differentially expressed genes being observed at 28°C, which could indicate a dysregulation of different signaling pathways under this temperature. Chromosome analysis indicated that chromosome 1 harbored the highest number of changes for both DTUs for all thermal treatments. Finally, gene ontology (GO) analyses showed a decrease in the coding RNAs involved in the regulation of processes related to the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, the evasion of oxidative stress, and proteolysis and phosphorylation processes, and a decrease in RNAs coding to ribosomal proteins in TcI and TcII, along with an increase in the expression of surface metalloprotease GP63 in TcII.CONCLUSIONS: Slight temperature shifts lead to increased cell death of metacyclic trypomastigotes because of the deregulation of gene expression of different processes essential for the TcI and TcII DTUs of T. cruzi

Ectopic expression of a self-incompatibility module triggers growth arrest and cell death in vegetative cells

Self-incompatibility (SI) is used by many angiosperms to reject 'self' pollen and avoid inbreeding. In field poppy (Papaver rhoeas), SI recognition and rejection of 'self' pollen is facilitated by a female S-determinant, PrsS, and a male S-determinant, PrpS. PrsS belongs to the cysteine-rich peptide (CRP) family, whose members activate diverse signaling networks involved in plant growth, defense and reproduction. PrsS and PrpS are tightly regulated and expressed solely in pistil and pollen cells, respectively. Interaction of cognate PrsS and PrpS triggers pollen tube growth inhibition and programmed cell death (PCD) of 'self' pollen. We previously demonstrated functional intergeneric transfer of PrpS and PrsS to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pollen and pistil. Here we show that PrpS and PrsS, when expressed ectopically, act as a bipartite module to trigger a 'self-recognition:self-destruct' response in A. thaliana independently of its reproductive context, in vegetative cells. Addition of recombinant PrsS to seedling roots expressing the cognate PrpS resulted in hallmark features of the Papaver SI response, including S-specific growth inhibition and PCD of root cells. Moreover, inducible expression of PrsS in PrpS-expressing seedlings resulted in rapid death of the entire seedling. This demonstrates that, besides specifying SI, the bipartite PrpS-PrsS module can trigger growth arrest and cell death in vegetative cells. Heterologous, ectopic expression of a plant bipartite signaling module in plants has not been shown previously and, by extrapolation, our findings suggest that CRPs diversified for a variety of specialized functions, including regulation of growth and PCD

Author Correction: Proton range verification with MACACO II Compton camera enhanced by a neural network for event selection (vol 11, 23903, 2021)

The applicability extent of hadron therapy for tumor treatment is currently limited by the lack of reliable online monitoring techniques. An active topic of investigation is the research of monitoring systems based on the detection of secondary radiation produced during treatment. MACACO, a multi-layer Compton camera based on LaBr3 scintillator crystals and SiPMs, is being developed at IFIC-Valencia for this purpose. This work reports the results obtained from measurements of a 150 MeV proton beam impinging on a PMMA target. A neural network trained on Monte Carlo simulations is used for event selection, increasing the signal to background ratio before image reconstruction. Images of the measured prompt gamma distributions are reconstructed by means of a spectral reconstruction code, through which the 4.439 MeV spectral line is resolved. Images of the emission distribution at this energy are reconstructed, allowing calculation of the distal fall-off and identification of target displacements of 3 mm

New opportunities and insights into Papaver selfincompatibility by imaging engineered Arabidopsis pollen

Pollen tube growth is essential for plant reproduction. Their rapid extension using polarized tip growth provides an exciting system for studying this specialized type of growth. Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetically controlled mechanism to prevent self-fertilization. Mechanistically, one of the best-studied SI systems is that of Papaver rhoeas (poppy). This utilizes two S-determinants: stigma-expressed PrsS and pollen-expressed PrpS. Interaction of cognate PrpS–PrsS triggers a signalling network, causing rapid growth arrest and programmed cell death (PCD) in incompatible pollen. We previously demonstrated that transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana pollen expressing PrpS–green fluorescent protein (GFP) can respond to Papaver PrsS with remarkably similar responses to those observed in incompatible Papaver pollen. Here we describe recent advances using these transgenic plants combined with genetically encoded fluorescent probes to monitor SI-induced cellular alterations, including cytosolic calcium, pH, the actin cytoskeleton, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), and the vacuole. This approach has allowed us to study the SI response in depth, using multiparameter live-cell imaging approaches that were not possible in Papaver. This lays the foundations for new opportunities to elucidate key mechanisms involved in SI. Here we establish that CME is disrupted in self-incompatible pollen. Moreover, we reveal new detailed information about F-actin remodelling in pollen tubes after SI