Differences in Learning Motivations of Professionals and Nonprofessionals Participating in Two South Mississippi Institutes for Learning in Retirement

This study investigated the differences in learning motivations of (a) professional and nonprofessional, and (b) urban and rural members of two south Mississippi Institutes for Learning in Retirement (ILR) programs in an attempt to expand C. O. Houle\u27s conceptual model of continuing professional education into the retirement years and to determine if the life transitions of the older adult unite the learning orientations of these subpopulations into self-actualizing (growth) motives as part of the maturation process identified y Abraham Maslow. Ninety urban ILR and 60 rural ILR members were recruited. Professional was defined as having completed a bachelor\u27s degree or above and licensure, certification, or registration. Variables were measured quantitatively using Roger Bashier\u27s Education Participation Scale A-Form and qualitatively using open-ended questions on a demographic data survey collected using a one-time cross-sectional assessment of six intact groups at each location. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance, chi-square, and content-thematic coding. Significant findings (.05 level) indicated that nonprofessionals have pluralistic motives while professionals are motivated by intellectual curiosity. Cognitive Interest was the strongest motivator for all persons surveyed followed closely by Social Contact. Rural participants were more likely influenced by all motivational orientations than were urban members. Adventure learning for fun and pleasure was identified as a separate category from qualitative analysis. These findings are similar to the findings of previous research but expand the knowledge of the professional model into the postcareer years as well as providing a clue to learning motives for isolated, disadvantaged older adults who can benefit from expanded availability of programs into difficult to reach areas. These conclusions suggest that the needs of the often hard-to-reach older adult can be met with the ILR model and that additional models to include the underserved elderly populations should be developed

Homeless children: A needs assessment

The purpose of this study was to conduct a needs assessment of homeless children and explore possible solutions to better meet the needs of homeless children and reduce the risks of intergenerational homelessness in San Bernardino County

Analyze the various informal constitutional changes within the UN since 1945, set against the intentions of the charter's founding fathers: do these changes qualitatively change the character of the organization?.

http://www.archive.org/details/analyzevariousin00wallU.S. Navy (U.S.N.) author

Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography

International audienceIn this chapter, we present the main characteristics of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). More specifically, this chapter is dedicated to the presentation of the data, the way they can be acquired and analyzed. Then, we present the main features that can be extracted and their applications for brain disorders with concrete examples to illustrate them. Additional materials associated with this chapter are available in the dedicated Github repository

Magnétomètres à pompage optique à Hélium 4 : développement et preuve de concept en magnétocardiographie et en magnétoencéphalographie

Magnetocardiography (MCG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) are non-invasive techniques consisting in measuring respectively cardiac and brain magnetic fields. Despite their performance, the sensors currently used need a cryogenic cooling system which engenders technical and financial constraints. New cryogenic-free sensors have recently emerged: the OPMs (Optically-Pumped Magnetometers). Among them, vector 4He magnetometers developed by CEA-LETI which work at room-temperature. This thesis is focused on the development of 4He magnetometers dedicated to MCG and MEG.After having optimized the key-parameters of a first non-miniaturized prototype, a sensitivity inferior to 100 fT/sqrt(Hz) has been obtained along two axes. In order to meet biomedical constraints, a miniaturization of the device has been processed. In parallel, preclinical tests were carried out which have enabled us to design a gradiometer mode, a new packaging, and a magnetically isolated system. A noise analysis revealed that laser and HF discharge were the main sources of disturbance, and lead us to consider improvements such as a new detection mode. Eventually, a sensor, with a 1cm-sided cell, and an intrinsic sensitivity of 350 fT/√Hz has been developed.Then, device has been successfully tested in the frame of the MCG application from a healthy subject, preceded by a simulation study with a phantom which enables us to demonstrate its operability within a clinical environment. Moreover, we have proved the reproducibility of the measurements and the possibility to detect the main features of the cardiac cycle within a 30 s recording time. A specific optimization of the optical part has enabled us to obtain a 210 fT/sqrt(Hz) sensitivity between 3 and 300 Hz, suitable for the MEG application. After having tested our device with a phantom, three MEG experiments were performed with a healthy subject: auditory evoked field, visual evoked field and spontaneous activities have been detected. The obtained results form the first clinical proof of concept of the device for MCG and MEG applications.La magnétocardiographie (MCG) et la magnétoencéphalographie (MEG) sont deux techniques d'imagerie non-invasives mesurant respectivement les champs magnétiques cardiaques et cérébraux. Les dispositifs actuels utilisent des capteurs supraconducteurs de haute performance mais nécessitant un dispositif de refroidissement cryogénique, engendrant de fortes contraintes tant techniques que financières. Les magnétomètres à pompage optique (OPM) tendent à constituer une réelle alternative. Parmi eux figurent ceux développés au CEA-LETI, basés sur l'utilisation de l'hélium 4. Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer des magnétomètres vectoriels à 4He (fonctionnant à température ambiante) dédiés aux applications MCG et MEG.Après une optimisation des paramètres-clés d'un prototype non-miniaturisé préexistant, une sensibilité inférieure à 100 fT/sqrt(Hz) a pu être obtenue suivant deux axes. Afin de respecter les besoins spécifiques de la MCG et de la MEG une étape de miniaturisation a dû être menée et une architecture gradient-métrique a été mise en place. Parallèlement, des tests précliniques menés à Clinatec nous ont permis de concevoir un nouveau conditionnement du prototype, ainsi qu'un système réduisant les perturbations magnétiques. Une analyse des principales sources de bruit a révélé que les deux principaux contributeurs au bruit sont le laser et le système de décharge HF. Nous avons ainsi envisagé plusieurs pistes d'amélioration du niveau de bruit dont une nouvelle technique de détection. Le prototype issu de ces travaux comporte une pièce élémentaire (la cellule) d'un centimètre de côté, et présente une sensibilité intrinsèque de 350 fT/sqrt(Hz).Le dispositif a ensuite été testé avec succès dans le cadre de mesures MCG sur un sujet sain, précédées de tests sur fantôme ayant permis de prouver l'opérabilité de nos capteurs dans un environnement clinique. Par ailleurs, la reproductibilité des résultats ainsi que la possibilité de réduire à 30 s le temps d'acquisition des données ont pu être démontrées. Une optimisation spécifique de la partie optique du prototype a permis d'obtenir une sensibilité de l'ordre de 210 fT/sqrt(Hz) entre 3 et 300 Hz, compatible avec l'application MEG. Après des tests menés avec succès sur fantôme, trois séries d'essais ont été réalisées sur un sujet sain. Nous avons pu ainsi détecter des potentiels évoqués auditifs, visuels ainsi qu'une modulation de l'activité cérébrale spontanée sous l'effet de l'ouverture des paupières. L'ensemble des résultats obtenus constitue les premières preuves de concept cliniques du dispositif en MCG et MEG

An Examination of Memory in Children with Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Depressive Symptoms

The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationships between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, depression, and memory impairment in children. It was hypothesized that level of inattention would negatively correlated with performance on measures of visual-spatial short-term memory and verbal memory. Children with greater levels of depressive symptoms were predicted to perform more poorly than less depressed peers on effortful measures of verbal and visual short-term memory, measures of verbal working memory, and measures of verbal long-term memory recall. Results indicated that impaired performance on one measure of visual-spatial short-term memory was related to increased levels of inattention and depression. Impairments were found on measures of verbal long-term memory recall and recognition related to greater attention problems, hyperactivity, and depressive symptoms. These deficits remained significantly related to inattention and hyperactivity beyond a deficit in encoding verbal material

The Restorative Justice Talking Circle Process with Probation Officers: A Phenomenological Approach

Restorative justice seeks to bring together stakeholders in the justice system by acknowledging harm caused by offending behavior and finding ways to repair that harm. The activities associated with restorative justice create the potential for meaningful and positive outcomes for all stakeholders within the system. Restorative justice asks, what is the harm?, who are the stakeholders?, and, how can the harm best be repaired? A particular restorative practice - the talking circle - is a common practice of restorative justice efforts. The potential for restorative justice practices, like the talking circle, is developing of a new way of understanding for stakeholders in the justice system. Given the central role that probation officers serve in our criminal justice system, it is worth inquiring whether the restorative practices of the talking circle may have a positive impact on probation officers\u27 professional and personal wellbeing. There is very little literature regarding the talking circle within restorative justice, this study considers how talking circles may be used with probation officers to facilitate a new way understanding and how this new way of being may inform probation officers practice. This study focuses on the talking circle to more fully understand it\u27s usefulness in helping probation officers increase their sense of well-being and transcendence from old models of thinking to more transformative ways of being. The transformative process is encouraged with the reflective practice of the circle process and it\u27s components of emotional intelligence, mindfulness, and interpersonal neurobiology. Circles provide a forum in which participants from varied backgrounds meet with respect and sincerity to speak of, and listen to, differing perspectives