Keratoacanthoma associated to cutaneous horn manifestation: case report and difficulty of diagnosis

Background: Cutaneous horn (CH) is a conical hyperkatotic projection of skin with keratotic material. A broad variety of lesions may be found with clinical aspect of cutaneous horn, including malignant tumors.  Case report: We report a case of patient with 77- year-old male, presenting an asymptomatic lesion with clinical aspect of CH in lower lip. The clinical diagnosis hypothesis was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and an incisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological analysis revealed a keratoacantoma (KA) and the lesion was completely removed. The one year follow-up revealed no recurrence. Discussion: CH rarely is accompanied by KA. However, KA shows a greater degree of nuclear atypia than SCC making the differentiation of two diseases very difficult. This case highligh the importance of histopathological examination to rule out malignancy.Introdução: O corno cutâneo (CC) é uma projeção hiperceratótica cônica da pele. Uma ampla variedade de lesões podem ser encontrados com aspecto clínico de corno cutâneo, incluindo tumores malignos. Relato de caso: Relatamos um caso de paciente do sexo masculino, 77 anos de idade, apresentando uma lesão assintomática, com aspecto clínico da CC no lábio inferior. A hipótese de diagnóstico clínico foi de carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) e uma biópsia incisional foi realizada. A análise histopatológica revelou um ceratoacantoma e a lesão foi completamente removida. Em um ano de acompanhamento nenhuma recidiva foi observada. Discussão: CC raramente é acompanhada por ceratoacantoma. No entanto, ceratoacantoma mostra um maior grau de atipia nuclear do que CEC tornando a diferenciação de duas doenças muito difícil. Neste caso ressaltamos a importância do exame histopatológico para descartar malignidade

Trends of mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

To analyze the trends of oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay between 1997 and 2014 according to sex and age groups and its possible association with sociodemographic factors. A time-series ecological study using secondary data was performed. The data about mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Statistics Vitals Department of the Public Health Ministry of Uruguay. To estimate the mortality trends of the historical series, by sex, anatomical site and age groups, linear regressions generated by the Prais-Winsten procedure were used. The analysis of mortality trends for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay indicated that the global mortality rate was stable over the studied period. The women's mortality rate increased from 0.51 per 100,000 in 1997 to 0.65 per 100,000 in 2014 while for men, rates per 100,000 went from 3.22 in 1997 to 2.20 per 100,000 in 2014. Mortality from oral cancer in men decreased between 1997 and 2014. Mortality by oropharyngeal cancer, irrespective of sex, remained stable. Analysis by cancer site revealed decreasing trends tumors situated in the base of the tongue and gum. Years of education, unemployment, smoking and Gini index were not associated with mortality trends. The overall mortality from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay has remained constant in the period between 1997 and 2014. Oral cancer mortality decreased in men and increased in women and decreased at the base of the tongue. It?s necessary to continue monitoring the behavior of these diseases

Mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer is considered a public health problem in several countries due to its high incidence and mortality rate. Objective: This study aimed to analyze oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014 by age, sex and country region. Methodology: A time series ecological study using secondary data was performed. Data on mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Vital Statistics Department of Uruguay's Ministry of Public Health. Results: The cumulative mortality rate due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer over the study period was of 19.26/100,000 persons in women and 83.61/100.000 in men, with a mean annual rate of 1.75/100,000 in women and 7.60/100,000 in men. Mortality rate from both sites during the study period was 4.34 times higher in men than in women. Malignant neoplasms of other parts of the tongue and base of tongue showed the highest mortality rate. The means of the annual coefficients of deaths were higher for the age groups between 50 and 69 years. Higher mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were observed in Artigas (4.63) and Cerro Largo (3.75). Conclusions: Our study described a high mortality rate for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014. According to the country's health department, men, tongue cancer, and oral cavity had higher mortality rates, with some variation. Prevention strategies with control of risk factors and early diagnosis are necessary to improve survival in the Uruguayan population

Mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer is considered a public health problem in several countries due to its high incidence and mortality rate. Objective: This study aimed to analyze oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014 by age, sex and country region. Methodology: A time series ecological study using secondary data was performed. Data on mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Vital Statistics Department of Uruguay's Ministry of Public Health. Results: The cumulative mortality rate due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer over the study period was of 19.26/100,000 persons in women and 83.61/100.000 in men, with a mean annual rate of 1.75/100,000 in women and 7.60/100,000 in men. Mortality rate from both sites during the study period was 4.34 times higher in men than in women. Malignant neoplasms of other parts of the tongue and base of tongue showed the highest mortality rate. The means of the annual coefficients of deaths were higher for the age groups between 50 and 69 years. Higher mortality rates of oral and oropharyngeal cancer were observed in Artigas (4.63) and Cerro Largo (3.75). Conclusions: Our study described a high mortality rate for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay from 1997 to 2014. According to the country’s health department, men, tongue cancer, and oral cavity had higher mortality rates, with some variation. Prevention strategies with control of risk factors and early diagnosis are necessary to improve survival in the Uruguayan population

Influence of photobiomodulation therapy on root development of rat molars with open apex and pulp necrosis

This study aimed to evaluate the role of photobiomodulation (PBM) in apexification and apexogenesis of necrotic rat molars with an open apex. Rat molars were exposed to the oral environment for 3 weeks. Canals were rinsed with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, filled with antibiotic paste and sealed. After 7 days, canals were rinsed and divided into six groups (n=6): mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA); blood clot (BC); human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC); MTA+PBM; BC+PBM; and hDPSC+PBM. In hDPSC groups, a 1% agarose gel scaffold was used. Two groups were not exposed: healthy tooth+PBM (n = 6), healthy tooth (n = 3); and one was exposed throughout the experiment: necrotic tooth (n = 3). In PBM groups, irradiation was performed with aluminum gallium indium phosphide (InGaAlP) diode laser for 30 days within 24-h intervals. After that, the specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Necrotic tooth showed greater neutrophil infiltrate (p < 0.05). Necrotic tooth, healthy tooth, and healthy tooth+PBM groups showed absence of a thin layer of fibrous condensation in the periapical area. All the other groups stimulated the formation of a thicker layer of fibers (p < 0.05). All groups formed more mineralized tissue than necrotic tooth (p < 0.05). PBM associated with MTA, BC, or hDPSC formed more mineralized tissue (p < 0.05). MTA+PBM induced apexification (p < 0.05). Rabbit polyclonal anti-bone sialoprotein (BSP) antibody confirmed the histological findings of mineralized tissue formation, and hDPSC groups exhibited higher percentage of BSP-positive cells. It can be concluded that PBM improved apexification and favored apexogenesis in necrotic rat molars with an open apex

O enfermeiro e o impacto da COVID-19 no aumento da violência contra parceiro íntimo

The aim was to identify the relationship between Social Determinants of Health and the worsening of intimate partner violence during the pandemic. This is an integrative, descriptive review, carried out in SciELO and VHL databases, from September to October 2021. It made it possible to identify the scarcity of productions that address the role of nurses in reception. From eight selected studies, economic instability, unemployment, low income, and insecurities related to the contagion of COVID-19 are highlighted as the main factors generating tension within the family. It was also possible to identify behaviors such as alcohol consumption present in situations of violence and black women, with low education, who have more children, and who are financially dependent as the main risk groups for experiencing aggression in the marital context. It is worth mentioning that, as this is a topic intrinsic to taboos, fear, and lack of credibility concerning victims' complaints, much of the data obtained through research may have its results "camouflaged" by underreporting, impediments to complaints - such as threats to women, or even more aggression.Objetivou-se identificar a a relação dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde com o agravamento da violência por parceiro íntimo na pandemia. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de caráter descritivo, realizada na SciELO e bases da BVS, de setembro a outubro de 2021, que possibilitou identificar a escassez quanto a produções que abordem o papel do enfermeiro no acolhimento. A partir de oito estudos selecionados, aponta-se a instabilidade econômica, desemprego, baixa renda e inseguranças relacionadas ao contágio pela COVID-19 como principais fatores geradores de tensão no âmbito familiar. Ainda foi possível identificar comportamentos como o consumo de álcool presente nas situações de violência e mulheres negras, com baixa escolaridade, que possuem mais filhos e que sejam dependentes financeiramente como principais grupos de risco para vivenciar agressões no âmbito conjugal. Vale ressaltar que, por se tratar de um tema intrínseco a tabus, medo e falta de credibilidade em relação as denúncias das vítimas, muitos dados obtidos pelas pesquisas podem ter seus resultados “camuflados” por subnotificações, impedimentos quanto às denúncias – como ameaças à mulher, ou até mesmo mais agressões

Prolonged caffeine intake decreases alveolar bone damage induced by bingelike ethanol consumption in adolescent female rats

Ethanol consumption has been reported to negatively impact on periodontal disease. In particular, oral cavity disorders occur upon ethanol exposure during adolescence, a life period associated with particular patterns of short and intense (‘binge-like’) ethanol consumption that is most deleterious to oral health. The hazardous central effects of ethanol have been linked to the overfunction of adenosine receptors, which are antagonized by caffeine, a bioactive substance present in numerous natural nutrients, which can also modify bone metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine on alveolar bone damage induced by an ethanol binge drinking paradigm during adolescence. Female Wistar rats (35 days old; n = 30) were allocated to six groups: control (vehicle), ethanol (3 g/kg/day; 3 days On-4 days Off challenge), caffeine (10 mg/kg/day), caffeine plus ethanol, SCH58261 (0.1 mg/kg/day, an antagonist of A2A receptors), and SCH58261 plus ethanol. Bone micromorphology and vertical bone loss were analyzed by computed microtomography. Our data showed that ethanol binge drinking reduced alveolar bone quality, with repercussion on alveolar bone size. This ethanolinduced alveolar bone deterioration was abrogated upon treatment with caffeine, but not with SCH58261. This shows that caffeine prevented the periodontal disorder caused by ethanol binge drinking during adolescence, an effect that was not mediated by adenosine A2A receptor blockad

DETERMINANTES DE OCLUSÃO E A RELAÇÃO COM A REABILITAÇÃO ORAL

É de comum característica a todo ser humano possuir estruturas anatômicas que guiam os movimentos mandibulares, sendo estes representados pelas articulações temporomandibulares e pelos dentes anteriores. Na literatura, são vários os determinantes da oclusão encontrados e explorados que têm como intuito principal um melhor entendimento da oclusão dentária. Entre eles pode-se citar os determinantes verticais, que influenciam na altura das cúspides e na profundidade das fossas. Já os determinantes horizontais influenciam na direção das cristas e sulcos nas superfícies oclusais, bem como na localização das cúspides. Um paciente que possua um aumento no trespasse horizontal tem como consequência uma diminuição da guia anterior, ou seja, menos componente vertical para a movimentação mandibular e mais planas as cúspides posteriores. Alguns procedimentos podem ser realizados pelo cirurgião-dentista para corrigir esse problema. Para o caso de pacientes bruxistas com perda de dimensão vertical, pode ser utilizada a prótese parcial removível overlay como tratamento provisório até que possa ser eleito o tratamento definitivo de melhor escolha. O processo de confecção de próteses parciais ou removíveis tem a capacidade de dar ao paciente uma nova condição oclusal, o qual passará por um processo de adaptação para que isso aconteça. Os diferentes métodos para que a dimensão vertical seja reestabelecida são de extrema importância para devolver ao paciente sua saúde oclusal. É preciso que haja um planejamento individual, pois, além de ser um tratamento extenso e demorado, depende do fator de readaptação do paciente. A reconstrução da guia anterior, além dos benefícios funcionais, proporciona ao paciente uma melhor estética.Palavras-chave: Oclusão dentária. Dimensão vertical. Reabilitação bucal. Odontologia