Autocontrole, Autogerenciamento e Empreendedorismo em Indústrias Criativas Brasileiras

O empreendedorismo criativo ganhou importância nas últimas décadas com o surgimento das indústrias criativas. A definição de metas e a capacidade individual de autorregulação são apontadas como preditores de empreendedorismo. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar características de validade de uma escala de autorregulação e testar a hipótese de haver diferenças de autorregulação em função de a pessoa ser ou não empreendedora, suas características pessoais e setor de atuação. Participaram 596 profissionais das indústrias criativas brasileiras. Eles responderam à Escala de Autocontrole e Autogerenciamento (SCMS), traduzida e adaptada para o português. Os dados foram submetidos a uma validação cruzada. Os resultados apontam para a consistência da estrutura tri-fatorial da escala. Empreendedores tenderam a médias mais altas no fator Autoavaliação do que não empreendedores. Setor de atividade, sexo e escolaridade apresentaram diferenças significativas no fator Automonitoramento.Creative entrepreneurship has gained ground in recent years with the advent of creative industries. The capabilitiesto set targets and individually self-regulate have been indicated as predictors of entrepreneurship. This study aims to identify validity characteristics of a self-regulation scale and to test if score differences are related to whether or not one is an entrepreneur, personalcharacteristics, or the activity sector. A total of 596 professionals from creative industries in Brazil participated in this study. The self-control and self-management scale (SCMS) has been applied; it has been translated and adapted to Portuguese. Cross-validation analysis has been done. The results support the three-factor structure of the scale. Entrepreneurs tended to indicate higher means in the self-evaluation factor than non-entrepreneurs. Activity sector, gender and schooling demonstrated a significant difference in the self-monitoring factor.El movimiento emprendedor creativo ha ganado importancia en las últimas décadas por el surgimiento de las industrias creativas. La definición de metas asociada a la capacidad individual de autorregulación son apuntadas como predictores de las acciones de emprender. Este estudio tiene por objetivo identificar la validez de una escala de autorregulación y testar la hipótesis de haber diferencias en función de la persona ser o no emprendedora, sus características personales y sectores de actuación. Participaron 596 profesionales de las industrias creativas brasileñas que contestaron a la Escala de Autocontrol y Autorregulación (SCMS) traducida y adaptada al portugués. Los datos fueron sometidos a una validación cruzada. Los resultados señalan hacia la consistencia de la estructura tri-factorial de la escala. Resulta que emprendedores presentaron medias más altas en el factor Autoevaluación que los no emprendedores. El sector de actuación, sexo y nivel educacional presentaron diferencias significativas en el factor Automonitoreo

Trigger and Target of Renal Functions

This work was supported by “Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia” – FCT to AP (PD/BD/136887/2018); MJM (PD/BD/114256/2016), MPM (PTDC/DTP-EPI/0207/2012), DOB e MPM (PTDC/BIM-MET/2115/2014); iNOVA4Health (UIDB/Multi/04462/2020), by the European Commission Marie Skłodowska -Curie Actions H2020 (grant agreements nos. 722619 and 734719), and by the Sociedade Portuguesa de Diabetologia.Kidney function in metabolism is often underestimated. Although the word “clearance” is associated to “degradation”, at nephron level, proper balance between what is truly degraded and what is redirected to de novo utilization is crucial for the maintenance of electrolytic and acid–basic balance and energy conservation. Insulin is probably one of the best examples of how diverse and heterogeneous kidney response can be. Kidney has a primary role in the degradation of insulin released in the bloodstream, but it is also incredibly susceptible to insulin action throughout the nephron. Fluctuations in insulin levels during fast and fed state add another layer of complexity in the understanding of kidney fine-tuning. This review aims at revisiting renal insulin actions and clearance and to address the association of kidney dysmetabolism with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, both highly prevalent phenomena in modern society.publishersversionpublishe

Modulating an antimicrobial release approach by dopamine chemistryto fight infections associated to orthopedic implants

Alongside with orthopedic implants contribution for modern healthcare improvements, theres the risk associated to their microbial colonization and biofilm formation, compromising the performance of the implant itself and representing niches for infection. This study aimed to engineer an antimicrobial release coating for stainless steel surfaces (SS) to empower them with the ability to prevent Staphylococci colonization. Surface modification was based on dopamine chemistry, which self-polymerization results in the deposition of a thin, adhered film called polydopamine (pDA). Chlorohexidine (CHX) was chosen to confer the antimicrobial features. Its immobilization was performed through a 2-step approach, including pDA formation and immersion in CHX solution, and 1-step strategy, in which dopamine and CHX were dissolved together and SS coupons were immersed in this solution. An additional layer of pDA was also performed for both strategies. SEM and AFM confirmed pDA coating by the presence of self-polymerized pDA particles without altering the roughness of SS surfaces. Immobilization of CHX using a 1-step approach yielded surfaces with a more homogenous coating than the 2-step approach. Different pDA-based strategies yielded different CHX release profiles: the amount of CHX released was higher for the 2-step approach and the addition of another pDA layer reduced the amount of CHX released. The antimicrobial performance of the modified surfaces was evaluated against S. aureus and S. epidermidis and the results showed that all the strategies caused a significant reduction (more than 3 LOG) in the number of cells adhered to the surfaces and in suspension, after 24 h. The 2-step approach was able to impart SS surfaces with antimicrobial activity even after 10 days of exposure. In conclusion, dopamine chemistry can modulate CHX release from the surfaces to obtain an antimicrobial coating strategy with great potential to fight infections associated with orthopedic implants.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Molecular genetic analysis of a cattle population to reconstitute the extinct Algarvia breed

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Decisions to initiate conservation programmes need to account for extant variability, diversity loss and cultural and economic aspects. Molecular markers were used to investigate if putative Algarvia animals could be identified for use as progenitors in a breeding programme to recover this nearly extinct breed.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>46 individuals phenotypically representative of Algarvia cattle were genotyped for 27 microsatellite loci and compared with 11 Portuguese autochthonous and three imported breeds. Genetic distances and factorial correspondence analyses (FCA) were performed to investigate the relationship among Algarvia and related breeds. Assignment tests were done to identify representative individuals of the breed. Y chromosome and mtDNA analyses were used to further characterize Algarvia animals. Gene- and allelic-based conservation analyses were used to determine breed contributions to overall genetic diversity.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Genetic distance and FCA results confirmed the close relationship between Algarvia and southern Portuguese breeds. Assignment tests without breed information classified 17 Algarvia animals in this cluster with a high probability (q > 0.95). With breed information, 30 cows and three bulls were identified (q > 0.95) that could be used to reconstitute the Algarvia breed. Molecular and morphological results were concordant. These animals showed intermediate levels of genetic diversity (MNA = 6.0 ± 1.6, R_t = 5.7 ± 1.4, H_o = 0.63 ± 0.19 and H_e = 0.69 ± 0.10) relative to other Portuguese breeds. Evidence of inbreeding was also detected (F_is = 0.083, <it>P</it> < 0.001). The four Algarvia bulls had Y-haplotypes H6Y2 and H11Y2, common in Portuguese cattle. The mtDNA composition showed prevalence of T3 matrilines and presence of the African-derived T1a haplogroup. This analysis confirmed the genetic proximity of Algarvia and Garvonesa breeds (F_st = 0.028, <it>P</it> > 0.05). Algarvia cattle provide an intermediate contribution (CB = 6.18, CW = -0.06 and D1 = 0.50) to the overall gene diversity of Portuguese cattle. Algarvia and seven other autochthonous breeds made no contribution to the overall allelic diversity.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Molecular analyses complemented previous morphological findings to identify 33 animals that can be considered remnants of the Algarvia breed. Results of genetic diversity and conservation analyses provide objective information to establish a management program to reconstitute the Algarvia breed.</p

Development of \u3ci\u3eMegathyrsus maximus\u3c/i\u3e Genotypes for Intensification of Cattle Rearing in Brazil

Megathyrsus maximus is a forage species used over 30 million hectares in Brazil and in the surrounding countries for intensification of the cattle production systems. Due to the large area and distinct biomes in which it is used, there is a need to continuously develop more productive and adapted cultivars to each biome and use. Three apomictic accessions were crossed with five sexual plants at Embrapa Beef Cattle in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil in 2014. More than 1100 hybrids were planted in a spaced-plant field and evaluated visually for regrowth after cuts and for disease and pest damage. In 2016, the best 154 hybrids together with the parentals and standards were planted in small plots with replication, and evaluated for two years for forage production and quality under a harvest cutting regime. From the nine harvests performed, the best twenty-three hybrids and four standards were planted to a field on 12 m2 plots with three replications on February 2019. These genotypes were evaluated under cuts every 35 days in the rainy season and at the end of the dry season in a total of 10 harvests. Leaf dry matter yield varied from 6.0 to 15.1 tons ha-1 with a dry season percentage of 5.7 to 12.8%. Leaf percentage varied from 59 to 92% and seed yield from 50 to 158 kg ha-1. The genotypes were grouped taking into account production, quality and morphological characteristics. Selection of the best ones is presented and discussed viewing evaluation under grazing before release in the market

Methodology to Estimating Aquatic Dispersion of Effluents from Accidental and Routine Releases

This paper presents a methodology to analysis of dispersion of radioactive materials in an aquatic environment, specifically for estuaries, based on the Regulatory Guide 1.113. The objective is to present an adaptation of methodology for computational user, that it is possible by means of the use of numerical approximations techniques. The methodology to be present consist in a numerical approximation of the Navier-Stokes Equation applied in a finite medium with known transport mechanisms, such as Coriolis Effect, floor drag, diffusion, salinity, temperature difference and adhesion per water molecule. The basis of methodology is substantiated in a transport diffusive-convection equation, which has similarity with the Partial Differential Burgues’ Equation for one dimension and with the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation for multidimensional cases

Spontaneous vesicle formation in catanionic mixtures of amino acid-based surfactants: Chain length symmetry effects

The use of amino acids for the synthesis of novel surfactants with vesicle-forming properties potentially enhances the biocompatibility levels needed for a viable alternative to conventional lipid vesicles. In this work, the formation and characterization of catanionic vesicles by newly synthesized lysine- and serine-derived surfactants have been investigated by means of phase behavior mapping and PFG-NMR diffusometry and cryo-TEM methods. The lysine-derived surfactants are double-chained anionic molecules bearing a pseudogemini configuration, whereas the serine-derived amphiphile is cationic and single-chained. Vesicles form in the cationic-rich side for narrow mixing ratios of the two amphiphiles. Two pairs of systems were studied: one symmetric with equal chain lengths, 2C(12)/C(12), and the other highly asymmetric with 2C(8)/C(16) chains, where the serine-based surfactant has the longest chain. Different mechanisms of the vesicle-to-micelle transition were found, depending on symmetry: the 2C12/C12 system entails limited micellar growth and intermediate phase separation, whereas the 2C(8)/C(16) system shows a continuous transition involving large wormlike micelles. The results are interpreted on the basis of currently available models for the micelle-vesicle transitions and the stabilization of catanionic vesicles (energy of curvature vs mixing entropy)

Effect of high hydrostatic pressure challenge on biogenic amines, microbiota, and sensory profile in traditional poultry- and pork-based semidried fermented sausage

Research Areas: Food Science & TechnologyThe processing of traditional poultry- and pork-based semidried fermented smoked sausages needs to bemodernized to improve product quality and further extend its shelf life. The aim of the present study was to applydifferent combinations of high pressure (300 to 600 MPa) and time (154 to 1,800 s) on the sausages using an experimentaldesign based on response surface methodology. The chemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics of sausages treatedwith high-pressure processing (HPP) were investigated. HPP application to semidried fermented sausages resulted incolor changes, which could be dependent on the ingredients, formulation, and smoking conditions used. Nevertheless,none of the HPP treatments applied resulted in detectable changes in sensory properties, as tested in a triangle test andconfirmed by the analysis of focus groups assessment. Significant differences were detected for lactic acid bacteria (LAB)counts from 344 MPa and 1,530 s onward, with a marked decrease for the combination of 600 MPa and 960 s (P<0.05).Coagulase-negativestaphylococcishowed higher tolerance to the increase in pressure than LAB. HPP induced a microbialreduction onEnterobacteriaceae, molds, and yeasts, minimizing the production of the main biogenic amines. However,the polyamines (spermine and spermidine) increased since their metabolic use by microorganisms did not occur. Giventhe reduction of the main spoilage microbial indicators with no detectable sensory changes observed with the binomialcondition of 600 MPa and 960 s, this was chosen as the optimal combination to be further applied.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Células C em bócio colóide

PURPOSE: The aim of this investigation was to quantitatively evaluate C-cells in colloid goiters, analyzing 36 thyroids that were obtained through thyroidectomy from 24 patients with goiter and 12 normal glands from adult patients without thyroid disease, which were used as the control group. MATERIAL AND METHODS: On average, 6 different thyroid areas were sampled and labeled by immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal anticalcitonin antibody, utilizing the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. C-cells were counted in fields measuring 1 square centimeter, and the mean number of cells per field was then calculated. Data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: In the colloid goiter group, the number of C-cells ranged from 0 to 23 per field, while in normal controls they ranged from 20 to 148 per field. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a significant decrease of C-cell number in the colloid goiter group compared with control group, indicating that the hyperplastic process is restricted to follicular cells, to the detriment of C-cells, which probably cease to receive trophic stimuli.OBJETIVO: Pesquisar, quantitativamente, as células C em bócio colóide com o propósito de investigar a relação destas células na patogênese do bócio. MÉTODO: Foram analisadas 35 tiróides obtidas de tiroidectomia, sendo 24 de pacientes com bócio colóide e 11 tiróides normais de adulto usadas como controle. Seis diferentes áreas foram amostradas em média e coradas com o anticorpo monoclonal anticalcitonina. As células C foram contadas em campos de 1 cm² e o número médio de células/campo foi calculado. Os dados foram estudados estatisticamente pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS: O número de células C variou de 0 a 23/cm² em bócio colóide e em tiróides normais de 20 a 148/cm². CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados demonstraram redução significativa no número de células C em bócio colóide comparando com tiróides normais, indicando que o processo hiperplásico é restrito às células foliculares em detrimento das células C, as quais, provavelmente, deixam de receber estímulos tróficos e se degeneram

Uma proposta de investigação histórica, epistemológica e matemática sobre a noção de sequência recorrente com o amparo de uma engenharia (didática) de formação

En este trabajo, analizamos los resultados recogidos de un conjunto de encuestas desarrolladas durante el período (2017-2020) y otro conjunto de encuestas aún en desarrollo, con el apoyo de hipótesis de Ingeniería de Entrenamiento Teisactic (EDF). El contexto histórico, matemático y epistemológico se limita a examinar un conjunto de diez secuencias numéricas recurrentes que, en cierta medida, son ignoradas por los autores de los libros de historia matemática. Así, destacamos el interés de construir y describir dispositivos de enseñanza, investigación y formación en Brasil para profesores, con el interés de proporcionar un aumento de una cultura matemática sobre un conjunto de diez secuencias digitales recurrentes, cuyas propiedades generalizadas siguen despertando el interés de matemáticos de varios países y en particular de investigadores en Portugal