127 research outputs found
Effects of sportswear design on thermal comfort
ISBN 978-2-7466-2858-8Several technical developments in the sportswear clothing industry resulted in the use of functional textiles for highly-specialized performances in all kind of sports.
This paper reports on an experimental investigation on the effects of garment design in thermo-physiological body comfort, measured in terms of clothing insulation for a specific outdoor sport - rowing.
The thermal manikins have been used to measure clothing insulation and to evaluate the thermal comfort. Thermal manikins provide a good estimate of the total dry heat loss from the body and the distribution of heat flow over the body surface. In a standard environment, these measurements can be used to describe the thermal characteristics of clothing.
Testing of sportswear clothing made of different fibers and garment designs, namely by varying knitting structures, show the possibilities of influencing thermal comfort, especially thermal insulation.
The evaluation and understanding of the thermal effects of garment design and fabric materials is important for the development and optimization of functional garments.
Therefore, the final aim of this paper is to study and validate the thermal comfort behaviour of active sportswear for rowing using single and multiple knitted zones in the garment design and considering also differences in material composition through thermal manikin measurements
Mangrove oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) (Guilding, 1928) farming areas as artificial reefs for fish: A case study in the State of Ceará, Brazil
Um tipo de plataforma, conhecido como mesas, estão sendo utilizadas para o cultivo de ostras. Em Fortim, Ceará, este cultivo teve início em junho de 2000 e abrange uma área total de 50m² sobre um substrato argilo-arenoso. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e catalogar a ictiofauna colonizadora das mesas de cultivo de ostras do mangue (Crassostrea rhizophorae), avaliar aspectos ecológicos tais como as possíveis correlações de parâmetros físico-químicos da água com a ocorrência da ictiofauna, além de observar as diferenças na composição da mesma durante as variações de marés. Os exemplares foram identificados visualmente e quantificados empregando-se a técnica de censo visual por transecto de faixa. A ictiofauna avistada compreendeu 3.030 indivíduos pertencentes 28 espécies e 20 famílias. Das 28 espécies encontradas na área estudada, 14 são marinhas visitantes, 12 marinhas dependentes e apenas duas aparecem como residentes. Apenas 11 espécies apresentaram correlação com os parâmetros físico-químicos estudados. Com base nestes resultados, pode-se afirmar que as estruturas de cultivo da ostra do mangue funcionam como um recife artificial para a ictiofauna, sendo colonizadas por, no mínimo, 28 espécies de peixes, podendo fornecer abrigo, proteção contra predadores, alimento e área de reprodução.A type of platform, known as a table, is now being used for mangrove oyster farming. In Fortim, Ceará, Brazil, this activity was begun in June 2000 and covers an area of 50 m² overlying a sand-clay substrate. The present study has the following main objectives: to identify and catalogue the ichthyofauna colonizing the Crassostrea rhizophorae farming platforms; to evaluate ecological aspects, such as the possible correlation between the physical and chemical variables for water quality and the occurrence of the ichthyofauna; and to observe the differences in the fish species found during tidal variations. Specimens were identified and quantified using the linear-transect, visual census methodology. The ichthyofauna observed comprised 3,030 individuals belonging to 28 species and 20 families. Of the 28 species found in the area studied, 14 were marine transients, 12 marine dependent, and only 2 permanent residents. A significant association was observed between the abundance of 11 species and the physical and chemical variables studied. Based on these results, it may be concluded that the platforms act as artificial reefs for the ichthyofauna, being colonized by at least 28 species, and providing protection from predators as well as a source of food and a reproductive substrate
How to bite a father? Case study of an autistic youngster: a psychoanalytical approach
Through the approach of episodes of “passage to the act” in which an autistic patient bites the father, this paper discusses the events occasioned by the absence of the name of the father as a mediator of relations between the subject and the otherness, the object-dimension and the image. The discussion about the place that “bites the father” had in the libidinal economy of this subject deals with issues relating to authority, sexual non-differentiation and the building of self-image. The study discusses the appeasement possible to access through the invention of a body in its relations to the Real, Symbolic and Imaginary registers, as exposed by Jacques Lacan. Keywords: autism; passage to the act; name of the father; holophrasis; body. Através da abordagem de episódios de “passagem ao ato”, em que um paciente autista morde o pai, este trabalho debate as vicissitudes ocasionadas pela ausência do nome do pai como mediador das relações do sujeito com a alteridade, a dimensão objetal e a imagem. A discussão sobre o lugar que as “mordidas no pai” tiveram na economia libidinal deste sujeito aborda questões referentes à autoridade, a não diferenciação sexual e a construção da imagem de si. O trabalho tece considerações a propósito do apaziguamento possível de se acessar através da invenção de um corpo em suas relações com os registros Real, Simbólico e Imaginário, tal como concebido por Jacques Lacan. Palavras-chave: autismo; passagem ao ato; nome do pai; holófrase; corpo.
Políticas Públicas de Saúde:: um estudo de caso no Centro de Especialidade Odontológica do Consórcio Público de Saúde da Microrregião de Russas - CE
This article aims to present the actions of Dental Specialities Centre – CEO Russas Regional, health unit managed by the Consortium of Public Health – CE Microregion Russas - CE ((CPSMR), during the period July 2010 to December 2011, with regard to the implementation of public policies for oral health. In this sense, describes the formation and functioning of that consortium, the allotment contracts, contracts of program, as well as analyzes the results obtained by CEO –Russas Regional, depending on the performance indicators provided for in contractual instruments. By appropriate, recounts the difficulties faced by the Russas Regional CEO and points suggestions for improvements. In the end, highlights the benefits of associated management public health service and concludes by public policy implementation feasibility of health by the public consortium set up according to the model of the current legislation.Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever a atuação do Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas – CEO Regional de Russas, unidade de saúde gerenciada pelo Consórcio Público de Saúde da Microrregião de Russas – CE (CPSMR), no período de julho de 2010 a dezembro de 2011, no tocante à implementação de políticas públicas de saúde bucal. Nesse sentido, apresenta o modo de constituição e de funcionamento do referido consórcio, os contratos de rateio, os contratos de programa, bem como analisa os resultados obtidos pelo CEO – Regional de Russas, em função dos indicadores de desempenho previstos nos instrumentos contratuais. Por oportuno, relata as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo CEO Regional de Russas e aponta sugestões de melhorias. Ao final, destaca as vantagens decorrentes da gestão associada do serviço público de saúde e conclui pela viabilidade de implementação de política pública de saúde por consórcio público instituídosegundo o modelo da atual legislação
Um panorama sobre os estudos de ecologia trófica em ambientes marinhos: Resultados e perspectivas
Classical approaches to trophic ecology of marine species has focused on trophic structure, trophodynamics, dominant and keystone species, ecosystem maturity, energy transfer, and anthropic effects. A recent breakthrough for evaluating the structure of communities has been the application of phylogenetic methods to community ecology. This recent approach is known as community phylogenetics. Although this perspective is still not common in trophic studies, phylogenetic methods promise new insights into the old ecological question on how communities are assembled in time. Integrating phylogenetics and ecosystem function creates the possibility of predicting ecological consequences of biodiversity shifts in a changing world. Once we understand the structure and functioning of the ecosystem in a historical context, we should be able to avoid humanor natural disturbances that draw a system away from its state of maximum complexity.Key words: trophic structure, trophodynamics, keystone species, ecosystem maturity, energy transfer, anthropic effects, community phylogenetics.Abordagens clássicas para estudos de ecologia trófica de species marinhas focam a estrutura trófica, a trofodinâmica, espécies dominantes e espécies-chave, maturidade de ecossistemas, transferência de energia, e efeitos antrópicos. Um avanço recente para avaliar a estrutura de comunidades foi a aplicação de métodos filogenéticos à ecologia de comunidades. Esta abordagem recente é conhecida como filogenia de comunidades. Embora esta perspectiva ainda não seja comum em estudos tróficos, métodos filogenéticos prometem novas abordagens à velha questão ecológica de como entendera organização de comunidades ao longo do tempo. A integração de filogenia com o funcionamneto de ecossistemas cria a possibilidade de prever as consequências de alterações na biodiversidade num mundo em mudança. Uma vez entendida a estruturae o funcionamento do ecossitema num contexto histórico, deveremos poder evitar alterações naturais ou humanas que tendem a desviar o sistema ecológico do seu estado de complexidade máxima.Palavras-chave: estrutura trófica, trofodinâmica, espécies-chave, maturidade de ecossistemas, transferência de energia, efeitos antrópicos, filogenia de comunidades
Range extension of Scorpaena inermis (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) in the southwestern Atlantic
Scorpaena inermis is recorded for the third time in the southwestern Atlantic. The known previous records of the species from Brazilian coast was collected Alagoas and Rio Grande do Norte states, prior of which the species was supposed to occur only in the northwestern Atlantic, from Georgia, USA, to Suriname and French Guiana. Here we report on two specimens that were collected in the northeastern Brazil and were deposited in Brazilian institutions. These new reports of S. inermis in Brazilian waters extend the geographic distribution of this species in the western Atlantic and the interval of three morphometric features
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis in a human rural population of Southern Rio Grande do Sul
Due to the growing population of pets, especially homeless dogs and cats, zoonoses still represent a significant public health problem. Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. are epidemiologically important zoonotic agents as they are etiological factors of human toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis, respectively. These parasites remain neglected even though they are substantially prevalent in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate T. gondii and T. canis seroprevalence and risk factors of seropositivity in a rural population in Pelotas municipality, Brazil. The study participants (n=344) were patients of a Basic Healthcare Unit (BHU) located in Cerrito Alegre. Blood samples were collected and tested for T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and T. canis antibodies by an indirect ELISA that targets an excreted-secreted antigen (TES). T. gondii seropositivity was 53.2%, with higher titers (1:256 - 1:1,024) in individuals who habitually eat pork, beef, or chicken, while T. canis seropositivity was 71.8% and concomitant T. gondii and T. canis seropositivity was 38.3%. Among the seropositivity risk factors assessed, only habitual undercooked meat consumption was significant (p = 0.046; OR = 3.7) for T. gondii and none of them were associated with T. canis seropositivity. Both parasites have a high prevalence in rural areas, which reinforces the need to invest in rural community education and health
Perfil social e clínico de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Objective: to identify the social and clinical profile of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive research, developed with 81 guardians of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus between March and September/2021, in two reference centers in Paraiba. The descriptive analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science software, version 18. Results: predominantly, the companions of the children and adolescents were the mothers themselves, 90.1%, and about 40% lived with family income lower than a minimum wage. Among the children and adolescents, 54% had high glycated hemoglobin values, even though they were undergoing treatment; 65.4% indicated ignorance of the correct form of insulin storage, and 77.6% had lipohypertrophy. Conclusion: socioeconomic vulnerability and ineffective clinical management of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents were predominant.Objetivo: identificar el perfil social y clínico de niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Método: investigación cuantitativa, transversal y descriptiva, realizada con 81 cuidadores de niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 entre marzo y septiembre/2021, en dos centros de referencia en Paraíba. El análisis descriptivo fue realizado mediante el software Statistical Package for Social Science, versión 18. Resultados: predominantemente, los acompañantes de los niños y adolescentes eran sus madres, el 90,1%, y cerca del 40% vivían con renta familiar inferior a un salario mínimo. Entre los niños y adolescentes, el 54% presentaba niveles elevados de hemoglobina glucosilada, a pesar de estar en tratamiento; El 65,4% indicó desconocer la forma correcta de almacenar la insulina y el 77,6% presentaba lipohipertrofia. Conclusión: predominó la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica y el manejo clínico ineficaz de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 en niños y adolescentes.Objetivo: identificar o perfil social e clínico de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, transversal e descritiva, desenvolvida com 81 responsáveis de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 entre março e setembro/2021, em dois centros de referência da Paraíba. A análise descritiva foi realizada com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Science, versão 18. Resultados: predominantemente, os acompanhantes das crianças e adolescentes eram as próprias mães, 90,1%, e cerca de 40% viviam com renda familiar menor que um salário mínimo. Entre as crianças e adolescentes, 54% apresentaram valores elevados de hemoglobina glicada, mesmo estando em tratamento; 65,4% indicaram desconhecimento na forma correta de armazenamento da insulina, e 77,6% possuía lipohipertrofia. Conclusão: foram preponderantes a vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e o manejo clínico ineficaz do diabetes mellitus tipo 1 em crianças e adolescentes
A new high-throughput method for the rapid extraction of yeast DNA
Ecological, evolutionary and population genetic studies of yeasts require the processing of a
high numbers of isolates. The current molecular methods for yeast identification and
characterization require time-consuming and labor intensive DNA extraction protocols. Within
this research, we aimed to develop a high-throughput method for yeast DNA extraction.
Total yeast DNA extraction was based on a previously described standard miniprep method
(Lopez et al., 2001; Schuller et al., 2004). Several steps were simplified or skipped. Microplates
containing 30, 50, 100 or 150 μL yeast cell suspensions per well were used instead of
microtubes. All reagents volumes were reduced in proportion to the volumes of cell
suspensions.
The most suitable yeast cell suspensions were 100 and 150 μL. The quality of the obtained
DNA was not affected by the modifications that were introduced. The final DNA concentration
obtained with the modified protocol was in the range of 20-50 ng/μL, being most suitable for
the usual DNA amplification protocols. DNA concentrations using the conventional method
were much higher (800 ng/μL) and required time-consuming dilutions prior to PCR
amplifications. To validate the modified method, a group of 12 yeast species and 12
Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were processed. DNA restriction fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP) of ITS sequences and interdelta sequence analysis were performed using
the DNA obtained by the conventional and the herein presented method and the results were
identical.
This high-throughput method for yeast DNA extraction allows the processing of 1600 yeast
isolates per day, which is a ten-fold increase compared to the conventional method. The
required reagents volumes were reduced by 90%.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT
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