Evaluación de capturas de Homarus gammarus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Nephropidae) y potencial en pesquerías mediterráneas artesanales

The aim of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the exploitation pattern of the European lobster population in a fully representative small-scale fishery of the Mediterranean (Corsica, France) and to collect initial biological information on this species. Data were collected by scientific observers on board net fishing vessels for eight consecutive years from 2006 until 2013. Average annual catches were estimated at 6.7 t. Length frequencies indicated that exploitation focused on large individuals. Catch per unit of effort varied significantly as a function of month, fishing area and depth. Our approach to catch distribution revealed spatial heterogeneity with large catches in the south area. A fishery-independent survey was performed in 2013 and 2014 in west Cap Corse using 540 lobster traps; it showed an extremely low catch rate, confirming the low abundance for this area. This study provided new biological knowledge of a little-studied species in the Mediterranean.El objetivo de este estudio fue el de obtener una mejor comprensión del patrón de explotación y colectar datos iniciales de las poblaciones de bogavante europeo en una pesquera artesanal representativa del Mediterráneo (Córcega, Francia). Los datos fueron colectados por observadores científicos a bordo de embarcaciones de pesca durante 8 años consecutivos, de 2006 a 2013. Las capturas anuales fueron estimadas a 6,7 toneladas. La frecuencia de las tallas indica que la explotación se concentra en los individuos de gran tamaño. La CPUE varía de manera significativa en función del mes, la zona de pesca y la profundidad. La distribución de las capturas revela que hay una heterogeneidad espacial, con capturas de gran tamaño en la zona sur. Un monitoreo pesquero independiente fue llevado a cabo durante 2013 y 2014 en Cap Corse occidental empleando 540 trampas; éste mostró una tasa de captura extremadamente baja, lo que confirma la escasez de bogavante europeo en esta área. Este estudio aportó nuevos conocimientos a la biología de esta especie poco estudiada en el Mediterráneo

Utilisation d'indicateurs biologiques pour évaluer l'état des stocks d’espèces d’intérêt halieutique

Moonfish : Outils de modélisation pour la gestion durable des ressources halieutiques en Cors

Projet REPAIR: Restauration des patchs anthropiques dans l’herbier de Posidonie

REPAIR14. Life below water13. Climate actio

Diversity of endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of Posidonia oceanica: Implications for restoration

Les herbiers marins sont parmi les écosystèmes les plus sensibles aux perturbations humaines et ils subissent un important déclin partout dans le monde. Bien que les herbiers de Posidonia oceanica soient protégés, cet écosystème méditerranéen reste menacé par différentes pressions anthropiques tel que le mouillage des bateaux de plaisance pendant la saison estivale. Pour enrayer ces dégradations, la transplantation de boutures de Posidonie dans les zones impactées est une solution souvent envisagée. Cependant, l’acquisition de nutriments, en particulier l’azote, par les transplants est souvent un facteur critique de la survie à long-terme des boutures et du succès du projet de restauration. Les microorganismes symbiotiques fixateurs de N2 jouent un rôle crucial dans l'assimilation de l'azote par les eucaryotes dans des environnements limités en azote. Récemment, un symbiote fixateur de N2, ‘Candidatus Celerinatantimonas neptuna’, a été identifié à l’intérieur des tissus racinaires de la Posidonie. Cependant, les connaissances sur la présence de diazotrophes endophytes restent très limitées, et leur présence ou absence dans les boutures utilisées pour la transplantation pourraient impacter la survie des transplants. Ainsi, la présence de ces communautés bactériennes a été détectée, dans les racines d’herbiers de référence à différentes profondeurs et de boutures de différentes origines, par amplification du gène nifH. De plus, la composition isotopique en azote des différents tissus des fragments de Posidonie a été analysée afin d’essayer de mettre en évidence l’incorporation d’azote atmosphérique dans la plante.14. Life below water13. Climate actio

Restoration of anthropogenic patches in Posidonia oceanica meadows

REPAI

Occurrence of trace elements (TEs) in seafood from the North Persian Gulf : implications for human health

In the present study the concentrations of 12 trace elements (TEs): As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn were quantified in muscle and, where possible, liver tissues, of six commercially important marine species including fish (Euryglossa orientalis, Sardinella longiceps, Carcharhinus dussumieri), crustacean (Portunus armatus, Thenu orientalis) and mollusc (Sepia pharanois) collected from the North Persian Gulf. Arsenic, copper, iron, and zinc were observed to be the most dominant TEs in muscle and liver tissues of all the species. In comparing with the maximum permissible limits (MPL) set by international organizations for seafood including FAO (1983), EC (2007), FAO/WHO (2007), and USEPA (2011), the mean concentrations of As, Cd in all the species and Mn, Zn, and Hg in some species exceeded their MPL limits. The relationships between TEs concentration and biometric indices (body length and weight) varied markedly among the TEs within both species and tissues. Estimated daily intake (EDI) results in comparison with values of the tolerable daily intake (TDI) confirmed that consumption of T. orientalis, C. dussumieri and S. pharanois from the sampled locations exceed their maximum values for As, Cd, Hg, and Se established for children

Climate Change Impact on Water Column in Corsica

peer reviewedSTARECAPME

Asteroseismology and Interferometry

Asteroseismology provides us with a unique opportunity to improve our understanding of stellar structure and evolution. Recent developments, including the first systematic studies of solar-like pulsators, have boosted the impact of this field of research within Astrophysics and have led to a significant increase in the size of the research community. In the present paper we start by reviewing the basic observational and theoretical properties of classical and solar-like pulsators and present results from some of the most recent and outstanding studies of these stars. We centre our review on those classes of pulsators for which interferometric studies are expected to provide a significant input. We discuss current limitations to asteroseismic studies, including difficulties in mode identification and in the accurate determination of global parameters of pulsating stars, and, after a brief review of those aspects of interferometry that are most relevant in this context, anticipate how interferometric observations may contribute to overcome these limitations. Moreover, we present results of recent pilot studies of pulsating stars involving both asteroseismic and interferometric constraints and look into the future, summarizing ongoing efforts concerning the development of future instruments and satellite missions which are expected to have an impact in this field of research.Comment: Version as published in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, Volume 14, Issue 3-4, pp. 217-36

Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

Background: Experimental and clinical data suggest that reducing inflammation without affecting lipid levels may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yet, the inflammatory hypothesis of atherothrombosis has remained unproved. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of canakinumab, a therapeutic monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1β, involving 10,061 patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter. The trial compared three doses of canakinumab (50 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg, administered subcutaneously every 3 months) with placebo. The primary efficacy end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: At 48 months, the median reduction from baseline in the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was 26 percentage points greater in the group that received the 50-mg dose of canakinumab, 37 percentage points greater in the 150-mg group, and 41 percentage points greater in the 300-mg group than in the placebo group. Canakinumab did not reduce lipid levels from baseline. At a median follow-up of 3.7 years, the incidence rate for the primary end point was 4.50 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group, 4.11 events per 100 person-years in the 50-mg group, 3.86 events per 100 person-years in the 150-mg group, and 3.90 events per 100 person-years in the 300-mg group. The hazard ratios as compared with placebo were as follows: in the 50-mg group, 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.07; P = 0.30); in the 150-mg group, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.98; P = 0.021); and in the 300-mg group, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99; P = 0.031). The 150-mg dose, but not the other doses, met the prespecified multiplicity-adjusted threshold for statistical significance for the primary end point and the secondary end point that additionally included hospitalization for unstable angina that led to urgent revascularization (hazard ratio vs. placebo, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.95; P = 0.005). Canakinumab was associated with a higher incidence of fatal infection than was placebo. There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio for all canakinumab doses vs. placebo, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; P = 0.31). Conclusions: Antiinflammatory therapy targeting the interleukin-1β innate immunity pathway with canakinumab at a dose of 150 mg every 3 months led to a significantly lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo, independent of lipid-level lowering. (Funded by Novartis; CANTOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01327846.