Trabajadores pobres en España y Europa: características personales, familiares y factores determinantes

Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación DER2015-63701-C3-1-

Photocatalytic behavior of silver vanadates: Microemulsion synthesis and post-reaction characterization

Silver vanadates with light absorption properties in the visible region were successfully prepared by a low temperature pathway (not exceeding 110°C) using an optimized microemulsion methodology. The resulting materials were evaluated as photocatalysts in Rhodamine B photodegradation and characterized before and after reaction. The silver vanadates displayed silver metallic nanoparticles decorating the surface. The as-prepared Ag3VO4 catalyst was the most active. Nevertheless, this silver vanadate suffered important changes during reaction. The initial structure evolves yielding a silver pyrovanadate, Ag4-V2O7, with a concomitant increase of the number and size of the silver metallic nanoparticles. The synergy between these Ag0 particles and the photoactivity of the Ag4V2O7 phase seems responsible of the high photoactivity of this materialThe authors thank the funding from MICINN Project CTQ2010-14872/BQ

Una experiencia de investigación en las prácticas de desarrollo cognitivo y desarrollo social y de la personalidad

El objetivo del proyecto es convertir las aulas de prácticas en pequeños laboratorios donde los alumnos puedan iniciarse en el proceso de la investigación. El fin último es crear un espacio que promueva la adquisición y generación del conocimient

¿Hay algo más que contar sobre las habilidades numéricas de los bebés y los niños?

This paper reviews the research conducted on early numerical competencies. First, the debate between defenders and detractors of babies numerical competences is presented, taking especially into account research on quantity discrimination and non-symbolic arithmetical skills. Second, we make a short review of subitizing skills, stressing the change from perceptual to conceptual patterns. And third, we focus on counting, emphasizing recent and outstanding research on children´s capacity to distinguish essential counting aspects (logical rules) fromnonessential ones (conventional rules).En este artículo se revisan distintos aspectos relacionados con las competencias numéricas tempranas. En primer lugar, se aborda en profundidad la polémica entre los defensores y detractores de las habilidades numéricas de los bebés, prestando especial atención a los estudios sobre la discriminación de las cantidades y las habilidades aritméticas no simbólicas. En segundo lugar, se ocupa del subitizing centrándose en el cambio que se produce de los patrones perceptivos a los conceptuales. Finalmente, en tercer lugar, se recogen los estudios sobre la habilidad de contar, haciendo hincapié en una línea de investigación especialmente prometedora relacionada con la diferenciación entre los aspectos esenciales (reglas lógicas) y no esenciales (reglas convencionales) del conteo

Fascitis eosinofílica sin afectación cutánea: una presentación infrecuente

Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare disease, characterized by painful inflammation of the subcutaneous fascia and adjacent tissues. Skin involvement is usually present and is considered a scleroderma-like syndrome. Although the diagnostic confirmation is usually histological, magnetic nuclear resonance images are characteristic and can guide both the diagnosis and the biopsy site. Early treatment is of utmost importance in order to avoid progression to fibrosis with the consequent sequelae. We hereby present the case of a patient with a biopsy confirmed eosinophilicfasciitis, with the particularity that there was not skin involvement.La fascitis eosinofílica es una enfermedad infrecuente caracterizada por una inflamación dolorosa de la fascia subcutánea y tejidos adyacentes. La afectación dérmica suele ser constante y está considerada como un síndrome esclerodermiforme. Aunque la confirmación diagnóstica suele ser histológica, las imágenes de laresonancia magnética nuclear son muy características pudiendo orientar tanto el diagnóstico como el lugar para realización de biopsia. El tratamiento precoz resulta de vital importancia para evitar la progresión a fibrosis con las consecuentes secuelas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con fascitis eosinofílica confirmada mediante biopsia, con la particularidad de que no presentaba afectación cutánea

Cocoa intake and arterial stiffness in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To analyze the relationship of cocoa intake to central and peripheral blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and carotid intima-media thickness in subjects with some cardiovascular risk factor.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>Design: A cross-sectional study of 351 subjects (mean age 54.76 years, 62.4% males). Measurements: Intake of cocoa and other foods using a food frequency questionnaire, central and peripheral (ambulatory and office) blood pressure, central and peripheral augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, ambulatory arterial stiffness index, carotid intima-media thickness, and ankle-brachial index.</p> <p>Results: Higher pulse wave velocity and greater cardiovascular risk were found in non-cocoa consumers as compared to high consumers (<it>p </it>< 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, these differences disappeared after adjusting for age, gender, the presence of diabetes, systolic blood pressure and antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drug use. All other arterial stiffness measures (central and peripheral augmentation index, ambulatory arterial stiffness index, ankle-brachial index, and carotid intima-media thickness) showed no differences between the different consumption groups.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In subjects with some cardiovascular risk factors, cocoa consumption does not imply improvement in the arterial stiffness values.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01325064">NCT01325064</a>.</p

La UC3M impartirá ocho nuevos másteres y tres nuevos títulos propios para el curso 2016-2017

El número de estudiantes universitarios en España que tras graduarse decide ampliar su formación cursando un máster se ha ido incrementando año, tras año. La UC3M atiende a esta demanda social ofreciendo una enseñanza de calidad, innovación y con vocación internacional. El Centro de Postgrado organiza y coordina los estudios de máster, títulos propios y formación continua.Contiene: Entrevista a José Miguel Rodríguez-Pardo del Castillo (pp. 17-18). -- Entrevista a Cristina Leal (p. 19). -- Entrevista a Nicolás García (p. 20). -- Entrevista a David Ramos (p. 21). -- Entrevista a David Marcos (p. 22). -- Entrevista a Alberto Ceña (p. 23). -- Entrevista a Alessandro Serino (p. 24). -- Entrevista a Gabriella Németh (p. 25)

Relationship between intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery and arterial stiffness in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes: a case-series report

Background: We examined the relationship between the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CCA-IMT) and arterial stiffness, assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV), the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and the augmentation index (AIx) in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods: A case-series study was made in 366 patients (105 diabetics and 261-non-diabetics). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed on a day of standard activity with the SpaceLabs 90207 system. AASI was calculated as "1-slope" from the within-person regression of diastolic-on-systolic ambulatory blood pressure readings. PWV and AIx were measured with the SphygmoCor system, and a Sonosite Micromax ultrasound unit was used for automatic measurements of CCA-IMT. Results: PWV, AASI and CCA-IMT were found to be greater in diabetic patients, while no differences in AIx were observed between the two groups. CCA-IMT was independently correlated to the three measures of arterial stiffness in both groups. We found an increase in CCA-IMT of 0.40, 0.24 and 0.36 mm in diabetics, and of 0.48, 0.17 and 0.55 mm in non-diabetics for each unit increase in AASI, AIx and PWV. The variability of CCA-IMT was explained mainly by AASI, AIx and gender in diabetic patients, and by age, gender, AASI and PWV in non-diabetic patients. Conclusions: CCA-IMT showed a positive correlation to PWV, AASI and AIx in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. However, when adjusting for age, gender and heart rate, the association to PWV was lost in diabetic patients, in the same way as the association to Alx in non-diabetic patients. The present study demonstrates that the three measures taken to assess arterial stiffness in clinical practice are not interchangeable, nor do they behave equally in all subjects

A low frequency of losses in 11q chromosome Is associated with better outcome and lower rate of genomic mutations in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.To analyze the impact of the 11q deleted (11q-) cells in CLL patients on the time to first therapy (TFT) and overall survival (OS), 2,493 patients with CLL were studied. 242 patients (9.7%) had 11q-. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies showed a threshold of 40% of deleted cells to be optimal for showing that clinical differences in terms of TFT and OS within 11q- CLLs. In patients with ≥40% of losses in 11q (11q-H) (74%), the median TFT was 19 months compared with 44 months in CLL patients with <40% del(11q) (11q-L) (P<0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of 11q-L, mutated IGHV status, early Binet stage and absence of extended lymphadenopathy were associated with longer TFT. Patients with 11q-H had an OS of 90 months, while in the 11q-L group the OS was not reached (P = 0.008). The absence of splenomegaly (P = 0.02), low LDH (P = 0.018) or β2M (P = 0.006), and the presence of 11q-L (P = 0.003) were associated with a longer OS. In addition, to detect the presence of mutations in the ATM, TP53, NOTCH1, SF3B1, MYD88, FBXW7, XPO1 and BIRC3 genes, a select cohort of CLL patients with losses in 11q was sequenced by next-generation sequencing of amplicons. Eighty %of CLLs with 11qshowed mutations and fewer patients with low frequencies of 11q- had mutations among genes examined (50% vs 94.1%, P = 0.023). In summary, CLL patients with <40% of 11qhad a long TFT and OS that could be associated with the presence of fewer mutated genes.This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias FIS 09/01543, PI12/00281 and PI15/01471, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) "Una manera de hacer Europa", Proyectos de Investigación del SACYL 355/A/09, GRS/1172/A15, COST Action EuGESMA (BM0801), Fundación Manuel Solórzano, Obra Social Banca Cívica (Caja Burgos), Fundación Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia (FEHH), and by grants (RD12/0036/0069 and RD12/0036/0044) from Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) "Una manera de hacer Europa" (CEI 2010-1-0010). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under Grant Agreement n°306242-NGS-PTL. María Hernández-Sánchez is fully supported by an Ayuda Predoctoral de la Junta de Castilla y León from the Fondo Social Europeo (JCYL-EDU/346/2013 Ph.D. scholarship). Vera Grossmann was supported by MLL Munich and Alexander Kohlmann was supported by MLL Munich and AstraZeneca in terms of salary.Peer Reviewe

Graphene materials with different structures prepared from the same graphite by the Hummers and Brodie methods

[EN] Graphene materials containing different functional groups were prepared from a natural graphite, by means of two different oxidation methods (Hummers and Brodie). It was observed that the differences in the structure of the resultant graphite oxides (GOs) greatly affect the structure of the graphenes resulting from their thermal exfoliation/reduction. Although the oxidation of the graphite was more effective with the modified Hummers method than with Brodie’s method (C/O of 1.8 vs 2.9, as determined by XPS), the former generated a lower residual oxygen content after thermal exfoliation/reduction and a better reconstruction of the 2D graphene structure (with fewer defects). This is explained by the presence of conjugated epoxy and hydroxyl groups in the GO obtained by Brodie’s method, which upon thermal treatment, lead to the incorporation of oxygen into the carbon lattice preventing its complete restoration. Additionally, graphene materials obtained with Brodie’s method exhibit, in general, smaller sheet size and larger surface area.The authors thank MICINN and European Union (CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010, Ref. CSD2009-00050, MAT2010-16194) for their financial support. Dr. Patricia Alvarez thanks MICINN for her Ramon y Cajal contract.Peer reviewe