Queixas escolares em um CRAS: entrecruzando linhas de força

The article analyzes the practices used to attend to school complaints in view of the dynamics of the Social Assistance Reference Center (CRAS) of a small city in the state of Minas Gerais. This is a research oriented by a cartographic intention method. Observations of the space and semi-structured interviews with the social worker/coordinator and the psychologist were tools for the production of information. From these, analyzers emerge around three intersecting contexts: 1) "community", 2) "family", and 3) "school. The need for intersectoral work that does not reduce the complaint to an object of a certain area is emphasized.El artículo intenta analizar las prácticas realizadas frente a las quejas escolares en vista el  funcionamiento del Centro de Referencia de Asistencia Social (CRAS) de una pequeña ciudad de Minas Gerais. Se trata de una investigación orientada por el método de intención cartográfica. Observaciones  y entrevistas semiestructuradas con la trabajadora social/coordinadora y la psicóloga fueron herramientas para la producción de información. De ellos surgen analizadores en torno a tres contextos que se entrecruzan: 1) "comunidad", 2) "familia" y 3) "escuela". Se destaca la necesidad de un trabajo intersectorial que no reduzca la denuncia a un objeto de un área determinada.O artigo objetivou mapear, no que tange às queixas escolares, as linhas de força quecompõem a compreensão de profissionais de um Centro de Referência de AssistênciaSocial (CRAS). Trata-se de uma pesquisa orientada por um método de intençãocartográfica. Observações do espaço e entrevistas semiestruturadas, com a assistentesocial/coordenadora e o psicólogo, foram ferramentas de produção das informações.Destas, emergiram analisadores em torno de três contextos entrecruzados: 1)“comunidade”, 2) “família” e 3) “escola”. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de um trabalhointersetorial que não reduza a queixa a um objeto de determinada área

Effect of relining on fiber post retention to root canal

One of the clinically relevant problems dentists face when restoring endodontically treated teeth is the mismatch between fiber post and post space diameters, which results in an excessively thick resin cement layer. Fiber post relining appears as a solution for this problem. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fiber post relining with composite resin on push-out bond strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty bovine incisors were selected to assess post retention. The crowns were removed below the cementoenamel junction and the root canals were treated endodontically and flared with diamond burs. The roots were allocated into two groups (n=10): G1: fiber posts without relining and G2: fiber posts relined with composite resin. The posts were cemented with a dual-cured resin cement and the specimens were sectioned transversally. Three 1.5-mm thick slabs were obtained per root and identified as cervical, medium and apical thirds. The push-out test was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until post dislodgement occurred. The failure mode of fractured specimens was analyzed under scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by split-plot ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey's test at a pre-set alpha of 0.05. RESULTS: Relined fiber posts presented higher retention values than non-relined post in all thirds. No statistically significant differences (p>;0.05) were found among thirds for relined posts. All failures occurred at the interface between resin cement and root dentin. CONCLUSIONS: Relining with composite resin seems to be an effective method to improve the retention of fiber posts to flared root canals

Fibrossarcoma em comissura labial em cão: Relato de caso

O fibrossarcoma é um tumor mesenquimal maligno classificado como terceiro tumor oral mais comum em cães. Localmente agressivo e invasivo, possui baixo índice de metástase se identificado precocemente. O tratamento é a ressecção com margem de segurança para evitar recidiva que é comum nessa tumoração. Este relato reporta o caso desta afecção em canina que apresentava doença periodontal, sangramento gengival e edema da face interna da comissura labial direita. Essa tumoração possuía aspecto firme, com presença de inflamação e de formato arredondado. Foi efetuada a citologia como medida diagnóstica, onde apresentou a conclusão de amostra compatível com neoplasia mesenquimal. Assim, foi realizado como tratamento a ressecção cirúrgica total, com margens adequadas, associada a cirurgia reconstrutiva por ausência de tecido suficiente para realização da sutura e fechamento cirúrgico devido ao local da ressecção. A amostra foi enviada para estudo histopatológico e o resultado foi processo tumoral compatível com fibrossarcoma. Após revisão e remoção dos pontos o animal foi encaminhado para o setor especializado em oncologia veterinária

Physical stability of pellets protected by different waterproofed products

No Laboratório de Nutrição de Peixes do Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal (FMVZ, UNESP - Câmpus de Botucatu), três ingredientes foram empregados como cobertura de dieta comercial peletizada, comparados no que se refere à sua capacidade impermeabilizante e à sua relação com a estabilidade física quando em contato com a água. Empregou-se dieta peletizada comercial para peixes tropicais (26% de proteína bruta), cujos tratamentos foram caracterizados pela aplicação de banho-cobertura, dando origem aos tratamentos: ração comercial; ração comercial + cobertura de gelatina; ração comercial + óleo de peixe e; ração comercial + amido gelatinizado de milho. O óleo de peixe mostrou-se como o melhor ingrediente para cobertura de dietas peletizadas para organismos aquáticos, por melhorar sua estabilidade física na água. O óleo de peixe poderá ser acrescido a dietas peletizadas comerciais como veículo quimioterápico, sem comprometer o manejo já adotado. Quando necessário, desde que corretamente aplicado, o banho cobertura pode ser empregado sem que haja prejuízos às características físicas dos péletes.In the Fish Nutrition Laboratory of the Department of Genetic Improvement and Animal Nutrition (FMVZ, UNESP - Botucatu Campus), three ingredients were utilized as coat for commercial pelleted diet, and were compared in regard to waterproofing capacity and to its relation with physical stability when in contact with water. A commercial pelletized diet was utilized for tropical fish (26% crude protein), whose treatments were characterized by application of a coating bath giving origin to the treatments: commercial ration; commercial ration + gelatine coat; commercial ration + fish oil and, commercial ration + gelatinized corn starch. The fish oil proved to be the best ingredient for coating of pelletized diets for aquatic organisms, to improve their physical stability in water; the fish oil may be added to commercial pelletized diets as a chemitherapeutic vehicle, without any damage to the management adapted; and, when necessary, since it is correctly applied, the coating bath can be utilized without damage to the physical characteristics of pellets

Paracoccidioidomicose subaguda progressiva: tratamento de um doente com anfotericina B e nutrição parenteral

Os Autores descrevem um caso de paracoccidioidomicose subaguda progressiva, com quadro clínico sugestivo de síndrome de má absorção, em que o doente não se beneficiara apenas com o tratamento antifúngico convencional. Ao se introduzir como medida auxiliar a nutrição parenteral houve evidente melhora clínica e laboratorial. Desta maneira os Autores propõe o uso associado da nutrição parenteral no tratamento de doentes com esta forma clínica de paracoccidioidomicose.The Authors describe a case subacute progressive paracoccidioidomycosis with a clinical picture suggesting a malabsorption syndrome whereby the patients did not benefit from conventional antifungal treatment. Clear improvement shown by clinical signs and laboratory tests occurred when parenteral feeding was introduced as a supporting measure. Thus, the Authors propose the use of parenteral feeding in association with conventional treatment for the treatment of patients with this clinical form of paracoccidioidomycosis

Evaluation of Scrotal Temperature in Different Testicular Shapes by Infrared Thermography in Braford Bulls

Background: The mechanisms of testicular thermoregulation may influence the blood flow provided by the testicular artery, where the proper blood supply to the testicle is crucial for promotingspermatogenesis and reproductive function in bulls. The size and shape of the testicles are determined by genetic mechanisms and environmental effects. A better understanding of the relationships between the anatomical characteristics of the testicles and scrotum can support a better reproductive assessment. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the testicular temperature of different scrotal shapes using infrared thermography in bulls.Materials, Methods & Results: We evaluated 132 Braford bulls with an average age of 24 months. The evaluation of breeding bull semen was performed prior to the beginning of the experiment. Then, animals were selected on the basis of the size of their testes, which was determined by dividing the average width by the average length. The scrotal circumference was measured with a millimeter tape positioned around the largest circumference. Testicular and ocular temperature measurements and analysis were conducted using an infrared thermal camera, Flir T440 with emissivity of 0.98 and thermal sensitivity of 0.05°C. Testicular scrotum temperature and testicular shape were analyzed with one-way ANOVA using Minitab 16, and values of P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. We observed that 67.42% of testicle shapes were long-oval, and 32.58% were long-moderate. The testicular temperature was higher in bulls with the long-moderate shape compared to those with the long-oval shape (P < 0.05). The mean length was higher in long-moderate shaped testicles compared to those of the long-oval shape (P < 0.01). There was no significant differences in rectal and ocular temperatures or in scrotal circumference between bulls with long-moderate and long-oval shapes (P > 0.05). In addition, the mean width was lower in testicles of long-moderate shape compared to those of the long-oval scrotal format (P < 0.01).Discussion: The results obtained showed that Braford bulls with the long-moderate testicular shape have a higher testicular temperature to maintain proper thermoregulation. The present study demonstrated that IRT can be used to evaluate the testicular temperature in animals with different scrotal conformations. In this study, Braford bulls showed lower length and width values for animals having long-moderate (9.21 and 5.22, respectively) and long-oval formats (8.56 and 5.56, respectively). In contrast, previous reports examining Nellore bulls between the ages of 17-20 months found a predominance of the long oval shape followed by the long-moderate shape, which indicates a change in testicular shape as age progresses, resulting in a rounder testicular shape. Perhaps other factors, such as the external cremaster muscle and tunica dartos, cause the testicles to be retracted towards the body at lower temperatures while at high temperatures, relaxation occurs. The prevailing testicular shape in Braford animals with a mean age of 24 months was the long-moderate shape. Thus, testicles with a larger surface area will have lower temperatures because they can dissipate heat more easily than testicles with lower surface area. The results suggest that the long-moderate scrotum format may influence the testicular temperature in mature Braford bulls

Variabilidade espacial da sazonalidade da chuva no semiárido brasileiro

A chuva é um dos principais reguladores dos processos biogeoquímicos de uma região e o entendimento da sua variabilidade espacial e da sua sazonalidade ao longo ano, é fundamental para o gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos e planejamento agrícola do Semiárido brasileiro. Foi avaliada a variabilidade sazonal da chuva no Semiárido brasileiro sob três condições: i) a média mensal das séries temporais, ii) ano considerado mais chuvoso (2009) e o ano considerado mais seco (2012). Informações diárias de chuva foram obtidos da base de dados da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) e a partir deles, foram calculadas os valores totais precipitados nos meses e no ano, a entropia relativa (Dk), o índice de sazonalidade (Sk), o tempo característico da chuva (Ck) e a duração da estação chuvosa (Zk). Essas variáveis foram espacializadas para toda a região semiárida de modo à possibilitar a interpretação da variabilidade espacial a partir de técnicas de geoestatística. A magnitude do coeficiente de variação das variáveis foram semelhantes entre a média das séries temporais, o ano mais chuvoso e o ano mais seco, exceto para o Ck e a Zk no ano mais seco. O modelo de semivariograma esférico foi quem melhor representou a variabilidade espacial da maioria das variáveis estudadas. Na parte central do semiárido, mesmo no ano mais chuvoso, ocorreram os menores valores anuais de chuva. As medidas estatísticas de sazonalidade e variabilidade interanual da chuva utilizadas neste estudo mostraram um desempenho satisfatório na caracterização do comportamento das chuvas na região semiárida do Brasil

Characterization and modulation of microglial phenotypes in an animal model of severe sepsis

We aim to characterize the kinetics of early and late microglial phenotypes after systemic inflammation in an animal model of severe sepsis and the effects of minocycline on these phenotypes. Rats were subjected to CLP, and some animals were treated with minocycline (10 ug/kg) by i.c.v. administration. Animals were killed 24 hours, 5, 10 and 30 days after sepsis induction, and serum and hippocampus were collected for subsequent analyses. Real-time PCR was performed for M1 and M2 markers. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CCL-22 and nitrite/nitrate levels were measured. Immunofluorescence for IBA-1, CD11b and arginase was also performed. We demonstrated that early after sepsis, there was a preponderant up-regulation of M1 markers, and this was not switched to M2 phenotype markers later on. We found that up-regulation of both M1 and M2 markers co-existed up to 30 days after sepsis induction. In addition, minocycline induced a down-regulation, predominantly, of M1 markers. Our results suggest early activation of M1 microglia that is followed by an overlap of both M1 and M2 phenotypes and that the beneficial effects of minocycline on sepsis-associated brain dysfunction may be related to its effects predominantly on the M1 phenotype

Leucine-rich diet induces a shift in tumour metabolism from glycolytic towards oxidative phosphorylation, reducing glucose consumption and metastasis in Walker-256 tumour-bearing rats

Leucine can stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and recent studies have shown an increase in leucine-related mitochondria! biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation capacity in muscle cells. However, leucine-related effects in tumour tissues are still poorly understood. Thus, we described the effects of leucine in both in vivo and in vitro models of a Walker-256 tumour. Tumour-bearing Wistar rats were randomly distributed into a control group (W; normoprotein diet) and leucine group (LW; leucine-rich diet [normoprotein +3% leucine]). After 20 days of tumour evolution, the animals underwent (18)-fludeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography (F-18-FDG PET-CT) imaging, and after euthanasia, fresh tumour biopsy samples were taken for oxygen consumption rate measurements (Oroboros Oxygraph), electron microscopy analysis and RNA and protein extraction. Our main results from the LW group showed no tumour size change, lower tumour glucose (F-18-FDG) uptake, and reduced metastatic sites. Furthermore, leucine stimulated a shift in tumour metabolism from glycolytic towards oxidative phosphorylation, higher mRNA and protein expression of oxidative phosphorylation components, and enhanced mitochondria! density/area even though the leucine-treated tumour had a higher number of apoptotic nuclei with increased oxidative stress. In summary, a leucine-rich diet directed Walker-256 tumour metabolism to a less glycolytic phenotype profile in which these metabolic alterations were associated with a decrease in tumour aggressiveness and reduction in the number of metastatic sites in rats fed a diet supplemented with this branched-chain amino acid.9CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação302863/2013-3; 302425/2016-92012/06955-0; 2014/13334-7; 2015/21890-0; 2017/02739-

Paracoccidioidomicose subaguda progressiva: tratamento de um doente com anfotericina B e nutrição parenteral

Os Autores descrevem um caso de paracoccidioidomicose subaguda progressiva, com quadro clínico sugestivo de síndrome de má absorção, em que o doente não se beneficiara apenas com o tratamento antifúngico convencional. Ao se introduzir como medida auxiliar a nutrição parenteral houve evidente melhora clínica e laboratorial. Desta maneira os Autores propõe o uso associado da nutrição parenteral no tratamento de doentes com esta forma clínica de paracoccidioidomicose