Preheated restorative composite resin for luting ceramic laminate veneers : an optimized technique report

Resin cements are traditionally used to lute ceramic laminate veneers due to their lower viscosity, which facilitates a fast restoration seating. However, resin cements have lower mechanical properties compared to restorative composite resins. Thus, rest

Preheated restorative resin composite as adhesive luting agent of indirect restorations

The use of restorative preheated resin composite for adhesive luting of indirect restorations as an alternative to traditional resin-based cements is increasingly popular. However, there is still room for improving the clinical technique, understanding how to select the composite properly and reduce film thickness, as well as on reporting long-term clinical results. This thesis addressed the topic by means of three studies. The first study was an in vitro investigation of the effects of preheating at 69°C on viscosity, film thickness, and temperature loss of 10 contemporary resin composites, in addition to the effect of ultrasound energy on the resulting film thickness. This study showed that materials with distinct formulations react differently to preheating, affecting viscosity and film thickness. Optimal working time of the preheated composites was short, suggesting that clinicians should adequate the luting sequence to take advantage of higher temperatures found in the first 15s after preheating. In addition, it was observed that application of ultrasound energy was effective in reducing film thickness and may aid restorative resin composites to achieve films below 50µm. The second study was a clinical technique reporting the luting of ceramic laminate veneers with preheated composite, describing a step-by-step procedure that may be used by clinicians in their working routine, including the application of ultrasound energy over the ceramic to optimize film thickness. The third study was a case report of a clinical treatment in which ceramic laminate veneers were adhesively luted to maxillary anterior teeth of a patient using preheated resin composite and showed excellent clinical service and remarkable marginal integrity after 123 months of follow up. A smooth marginal transition between ceramic, luting agent, and tooth (area of adhesive continuity) and the absence of marginal gaps and ditching indicated that the restorative resin composite was able to withstand the abrasive and surface challenges imposed by the oral environment in the long term. In general, this thesis shows that preheated resin composite for luting indirect restorations may be considered an excellent clinical option and that the overall performance of the clinical technique depends on proper selection of a resin composite that responds properly to preheating. There is still room for further controlled clinical studies on the topic.Sem bolsaO uso de resina composta restauradora pré-aquecida para cimentação adesiva de restaurações indiretas como alternativa aos tradicionais cimentos resinosos é cada vez mais popular. No entanto, ainda há espaço para melhorar a técnica clínica, entender como selecionar o compósito corretamente e reduzir a espessura de película, bem como relatar resultados clínicos de longo prazo. Essa tese abordou o tema por meio de três estudos. O primeiro estudo foi uma investigação in vitro dos efeitos do pré-aquecimento a 69°C sobre viscosidade, espessura de película e perda de temperatura de 10 compósitos contemporâneos, além do efeito da energia do ultrassom na espessura do filme resultante. Este estudo mostrou que materiais com formulações distintas reagem de forma diferente ao pré-aquecimento, afetando viscosidade e espessura do filme. O tempo de trabalho ideal dos compósitos pré- aquecidos foi curto, sugerindo que clínicos devem adequar a sequência de cimentação para aproveitar as temperaturas mais altas encontradas nos primeiros 15s após o pré-aquecimento. Além disso, observou-se que a aplicação do ultrassom foi eficaz na redução da espessura de película e pode ajudar resinas compostas restauradoras a alcançar películas abaixo de 50μm. O segundo estudo foi uma técnica clínica relatando a cimentação de facetas laminadas cerâmicas com composto pré- aquecido, descrevendo um procedimento passo a passo que pode ser utilizado por clínicos em sua rotina de trabalho, incluindo aplicação de ultrassom sobre a cerâmica para otimizar a espessura do filme. O terceiro estudo foi um relato de caso de tratamento clínico no qual os laminados cerâmicos foram cimentados adesivamente a dentes superiores anteriores de uma paciente utilizando resina composto pré- aquecida e mostrou excelente desempenho clínico e notável integridade marginal após 123 meses de acompanhamento. Uma transição marginal suave entre cerâmica, agente de cimentação e dente (área de continuidade adesiva) e a ausência de lacunas marginais e valamento indicaram que o compósito restaurador foi capaz de suportar os desafios abrasivos e superficiais impostos pelo ambiente oral em longo prazo. Em geral, esta tese mostra que resina composta pré-aquecida para a cimentação de restaurações indiretas pode ser considerado uma excelente opção clínica e que o desempenho geral da técnica clínica depende da seleção adequada de um compósito que responde adequadamente ao pré-aquecimento. Ainda há espaço para estudos clínicos controlados sobre o tema

Números da agropecuária catarinense - 2020

 A composição informacional desse trabalho permite ampliar a visão sobre a evolução temporal de aspectos relacionados à agropecuária catarinense, apresentando seu desempenho e importância no contexto estadual e nacional. É importante destacar que a conformação do documento possibilita a leitura de dados sobre políticas públicas, produção animal, vegetal, comércio exterior, demografia e estrutura fundiária catarinense, congregando resultados de pesquisas realizadas pelo Epagri/Cepa. Os números apresentados apresentam o potencial do setor agropecuário em Santa Catarina e sua contribuição para a sociedade

An evaluation of the face mask system based on short-term measurements compared with the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ) tracer, and respiration chamber techniques for measuring CH4 emissions

The objective of the present study was to compare the short term measurement (30 min/day for 3 days) face mask system (FM), with SF6 tracer and respiration chamber (RC) techniques for measuring CH4 emissions from crossbred (Holstein × Gyr) yearling bulls fed at three intake levels. Data were derived from 17 individuals in a completely randomized design experiment in a repeated measures scheme. Bulls were fed a diet consisting of 59.6% corn silage and 40.4% concentrate on a DM basis at three levels of DM intake (DMI) of 1.2% of BW, 1.8% of BW and ad libitum. After an adaptation period, CH4 emissions were measured first using the SF6 tracer technique, followed by the FM and RC techniques, respectively. Daily CH4 emission (g/day) from bulls differed (P < 0.007) with CH4 measurements techniques, with highest emissions measured using RC (107.9 ± 15.36), followed by FM (103.2 ± 11.86) then SF6 tracer technique (87.9 ± 10.16). The CH4 emissions adjusted for differences in DMI and BW did not differ among techniques, averaging 21.5 g/kg DMI and 0.4 g/kg BW, respectively. Total CH4 emissions (g/day) were positively correlated with DMI as measured by all three techniques (SF6r = 0.93; FM r = 0.93; RC r = 0.96). The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) for CH4 emission (g/d) were 0.82, 0.82 and 0.74 for comparisons of SF6vs RC, FM vs RC and FM vs SF6, respectively. The day-to-day (21.3%) and animal-to-animal (13.4%) variation in CH4 yield (g/kg DMI) was greater from bulls using the FM technique, compared to SF6 (18.8% and 6.8%, respectively) and RC (12.9% and 7.5%, respectively) techniques. We conclude that the short-term FM technique generated CH4 measurements that were comparable to those estimated using SF6 and chamber techniques across a range of DMI levels. However, the FM method may have limitations in terms of assessing enteric CH4 mitigation strategies that are applied over a short duration to low numbers of animals due to higher animal-to-animal and day-to-day coefficients of variation than either the SF6 or RC techniques

SELAdb: A database of exonic variants in a Brazilian population referred to a quaternary medical center in São Paulo

OBJECTIVES: High-throughput sequencing of genomes, exomes, and disease-focused gene panels is becoming increasingly common for molecular diagnostics. However, identifying a single clinically relevant pathogenic variant among thousands of genetic polymorphisms is a challenging task. Publicly available genomic databases are useful resources to filter out common genetic variants present in the population and enable the identification of each disease-causing variant. Based on our experience applying these technologies at Hospital das Clı´nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo (HCFMUSP), Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, we recognized that the Brazilian population is not adequately represented in widely available genomic databases. METHODS: Here, we took advantage of our 5-year experience as a high-throughput sequencing core facility focused on individuals with putative genetic disorders to build a genomic database that may serve as a more accurate reference for our patient population: SELAdb. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Currently, our database comprises a final cohort of 523 unrelated individuals, including patients or family members managed by different clinics of HCFMUSP. We compared SELAdb with other publicly available genomic databases and demonstrated that this population is very heterogeneous, largely resembling Latin American individuals of mixed origin, rather than individuals of pure European ancestry. Interestingly, exclusively through SELAdb, we identified a spectrum of known and potentially novel pathogenic variants in genes associated with highly penetrant Mendelian disorders, illustrating that pathogenic variants circulating in the Brazilian population that is treated in our clinics are underrepresented in other population databases. SELAdb is freely available for public consultation at: http://intranet.fm.usp.br/sel

Prediction of enteric methane production and yield in dairy cattle using a Latin America and Caribbean database

Enteric methane (CH4) from ruminants is the major driver of global warming and climate change. Successful mitigation efforts entail accurate estimation of on-farm emission and prediction models can be an alternative to current laborious and costly in vivo CH4 measurement techniques. This study aimed to: (1) collate a database of individual dairy cattle CH4 emission data from studies conducted in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region; (2) identify key variables for predicting CH4 production (g d−1) and yield [g kg−1 of dry matter intake (DMI)]; (3) develop and cross-validate these newly-developed models; and (4) compare models' predictive ability with equations currently used to support national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories. A total of 42 studies including 1327 individual dairy cattle records were collated. After removing outliers, the final database retained 34 studies and 610 animal records. Production and yield of CH4 were predicted by fitting mixed-effects models with a random effect of study. Evaluation of developed models and fourteen extant equations was assessed on all-data, confined, and grazing cows subsets. Feed intake was the most important predictor of CH4 production. Our best-developed CH4 production models outperformed Tier 2 equations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in the all-data and grazing subsets, whereas they had similar performance for confined animals. Developed CH4 production models that include milk yield can be accurate and useful when feed intake is missing. Some extant equations had similar predictive performance to our best-developed models and can be an option for predicting CH4 production from LAC dairy cows. Extant equations were not accurate in predicting CH4 yield. The use of the newly-developed models rather than extant equations based on energy conversion factors, as applied by the IPCC, can substantially improve the accuracy of GHG inventories in LAC countries