Fototerapia com LED no reparo tecidual de feridas crônicas em pessoas com diabetes: revisão sistemática

Objetivo: Identificar evidências científicas da fotobiomodulação com LED no tratamento e reparo tecidual em feridas crônicas de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus, tipo I e II.Método: Revisão sistemática realizada de setembro/2021 a abril/2022 na PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE e Web of Science. Incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados e observacionais utilizando LED na cicatrização de feridas em diabéticos, publicados entre 2015 a 2022. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente com triagem de título/resumo, leitura dos artigos em texto completo e seleção definitiva após atender aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-definidos.Resultados: Do total de 840 referências encontradas, foram selecionados oito artigos que avaliaram a eficácia da fototerapia LED em feridas de pacientes diabéticos.Conclusão: A luz LED mostrou-se benéfica no reparo tecidual, com aumento na produção de colágeno e fibroblastos, angiogênese, redução da inflamação e consequentemente, diminuição no tamanho da lesão.Palavras-chave: Fototerapia. Cicatrização. Diabetes Mellitus. Pé diabético. Úlcera do pé

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Fototerapia com LED no reparo tecidual de feridas crônicas em pessoas com diabetes: revisão sistemática

Objetivo: Identificar evidências científicas da fotobiomodulação com LED no tratamento e reparo tecidual em feridas crônicas de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus, tipo I e II.Método: Revisão sistemática realizada de setembro/2021 a abril/2022 na PubMed, LILACS, SCIELO, COHRANE, EMBASE e Web of Science. Incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados e observacionais utilizando LED na cicatrização de feridas em diabéticos, publicados entre 2015 a 2022. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente com triagem de título/resumo, leitura dos artigos em texto completo e seleção definitiva após atender aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-definidos.Resultados: Do total de 840 referências encontradas, foram selecionados oito artigos que avaliaram a eficácia da fototerapia LED em feridas de pacientes diabéticos.Conclusão: A luz LED mostrou-se benéfica no reparo tecidual, com aumento na produção de colágeno e fibroblastos, angiogênese, redução da inflamação e consequentemente, diminuição no tamanho da lesão.Palavras-chave: Fototerapia. Cicatrização. Diabetes Mellitus. Pé diabético. Úlcera do pé

Reliability of identifying lactate threshold by use of visual method

Limiar de lactato (LL) tem sido utilizado como medidor de condicionamento físico, indicador sensível do estado do treinamento aeróbico em sujeitos saudáveis e doentes, além disso, auxilia na identificação do estímulo de treinamento ideal e na prescrição da intensidade de treinamento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores das medidas do LL obtidas através do método de detecção visual. Para isso, 31 voluntárias do sexo feminino (67,50 ± 4,41 anos; 1,52 ± 0,07 m; 64,55 ± 11,46 kg), aparentemente saudáveis e no período pós-menopausa, participaram do estudo. O LL foi determinado a partir de um teste realizado na esteira ergométrica até a fadiga, que consistiu de estágios com carga progressiva (variação da velocidade e/ou inclinação). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas por meio de uma punção na polpa digital do dedo médio a cada 3 minutos durante o teste. Em seguida, foram construídos os gráficos do método de detecção visual (software Prisma5) a partir da concentração de lactato sanguíneo coletado a cada estágio do exercício (intervalo de 3 minutos) em função da taxa de trabalho correspondente ao consumo de oxigênio (VO2) estimado durante o teste na esteira. A análise estatística foi realizada através do Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI). A confiabilidade intraexaminador foi excelente (0,950 - 0,952) e a confiabilidade interexaminadores foi boa (0,789 - 0,770). Dessa forma, sugere-se que o método de detecção visual é uma forma segura e confiável para detectar o LL na prática clínica e em pesquisas.The lactate threshold (LT) is used as a marker for metabolic acidosis and represents the time during the exercise in which blood lactate begins to increase exponentially. LT has been used as a measurer of physical capacity, a sensitive indicator of the state of aerobic training in healthy and sick patients, in addition, assists in identifying the optimal training stimulus and the prescription of training intensity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability, intra and interrater, of the LT obtained by a visual detection method. For this, 31 female volunteers (67.50 ± 4.41 years, 1.52 ± 0.07 m, 64.55 ± 11.46 kg), apparently healthy and postmenopausal, participated in the study. The LT was determined from a test performed on a treadmill, which consisted of stages with progressive workload (variation of speed and/or incline), until the patient experienced fatigue. Blood samples were collected from a finger prick of the middle finger every 3 minutes during the test. Next, the visual detection method graphics were constructed (software Prisma5) from the blood lactate concentra-tion collected at each stage of exercise (3 minute intervals) depending on the work rate corresponding to oxygen consumption (VO2) estimated during the treadmill test. Statistical analysis was performed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Intrarater reliability was excellent (0.950 - 0.952) and interrater reliability was good (0.789 - 0.770). Thus, it has been determined that the visual detection method is a safe and reliable way to detect the LT in clinical practice and research

Treinamento aeróbio contínuo versus treinamento acumulado: Uma comparação de seus efeitos e desempenho em modelo animal

Continuous aerobic training versus accumulated training, a comparison of their performance and effects in an animal modelIntroduction: Since 1995, entities that regulate the practice of physical exercises have suggested that, for health maintenance, they must be performed in continuous or accumulated throughout the day sessions. In a recent publication in 2011 this recommendation was reinforced by the American College of Sports Medicine. The question that is still not well understood is: Does exercise performed cumulatively by two or more times throughout the day is as effective in promoting the health benefits as exercise performed continuously in a single daily session? Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic exercise training performed in a continuous versus accumulated form on aerobic performance of Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Our sample consisted of 16 male Wistar rats, with initial weights around 300 g and 90 days of life, who trained for a period of 10 weeks continuously (TC) and total (TA) in the aquatic environment. Results: after training only the TC group had increased aerobic performance compared to controls (sedentary). Conclusion: The proposed aerobic training is carried out continuously higher to improve aerobic performance of Wistar rats when compared to a similar training performed cumulatively.Desde 1995, entidades que regulamentam a prática de exercícios físicos têm sugerido que, para manutenção da saúde, os mesmos devem ser realizados em sessões contínuas ou acumulados ao longo do dia. Em publicação recente de 2011 esta recomendação foi reforçada pelo Colégio Americano de Medicina Esportiva. A questão que ainda não é bem compreendida é: Será que o exercício realizado de forma acumulada por duas ou mais vezes ao longo do dia é tão eficiente em promover os benefícios à saúde como o exercício realizado de forma contínua em uma única sessão diária? Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os efeitos de um treinamento físico aeróbio realizado de forma contínua versus acumulada sobre o desempenho aeróbio de ratos Wistar. Materiais e Métodos: Nossa amostra foi constituída por 16 ratos machos da raça Wistar, com pesos iniciais em torno de 300 g e 90 dias de vida, que treinaram por um período de 10 semanas de forma contínua (TC) e acumulada (TA) em meio aquático. Resultados: após o treinamento apenas o grupo TC teve aumento do desempenho aeróbio comparado ao grupo controle (sedentário). Conclusão: O treinamento aeróbio proposto realizado de forma contínua é superior para a melhora do desempenho aeróbio de ratos Wistar quando comparado a um treinamento semelhante realizado de forma acumulada.

Indoor aerobic exercise reduces exposure to pollution, improves cognitive function, and enhances BDNF levels in the elderly

The present study aimed to compare the effects of indoor versus outdoor aerobic exercise through the evaluation of pollution exposure, changes in cognitive function, and biochemical variables in elderly individuals. Forty-eight volunteers, aged 60 years or older, were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control indoor, control outdoor, indoor exercise, and outdoor exercise (n = 12/group). Atmospheric concentration of 5 pollutants was monitored. Cognitive function and biochemical analysis were done after 12 weeks. All pollutants measured were significantly higher outdoor (p 0.05). Indoor aerobic exercise presented lower concentration of pollutants, improved cognitive function, and enhanced brain-derived neuro factor (BDNF) levels when compared to outdoor (p < 0.05). Indoor aerobic exercise showed significant glycemic reduction compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Indoor aerobic exercise presents lower concentration of pollutants than outdoor and provides better benefits to the management of glycemia, improves cognition, and enhances BDNF levels

High-intensity interval training followed by postexercise cold-water immersion does not alter angiogenic circulating cells, but increases circulating endothelial cells

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) induces vascular adaptations that might be attenuated by post-exercise cold-water immersion (CWI). Circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) participate in the vascular adaptations and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) indicate endothelial damage. CAC and CEC are involved in vascular adaptation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate post-exercise CWI during HIIT on CAC and CEC and on muscle angiogenesis-related molecules. Seventeen male subjects performed 13 HIIT sessions followed by 15 min of passive recovery (n=9) or CWI at 10° C (n=8). HIIT consisted of cycling (8-12 bouts, 90-110% peak power). The first and the thirteenth sessions were similar (8 bouts at 90% of peak power). Venous blood was drawn before exercise (baseline) and after the recovery strategy (post-recovery) in the first (pre-training) and in the thirteenth (post-training) sessions. For CAC and CEC identification lymphocyte surface markers (CD133, CD34 and VEGFR2) were used. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed pre- and post-training for protein (p-eNOSser1177) and gene (VEGF and HIF-1) expression analysis related to angiogenesis. CAC was not affected by HIIT or post-exercise CWI. Post-exercise CWI increased acute and baseline CEC number. Angiogenic protein and genes were not differently modulated by post-CWI. HIIT followed by either recovery strategy does not alter CAC number. Post-exercise CWI increases a marker of endothelial damage both acutely and chronically, suggesting that this post-exercise recovery strategy might cause endothelial damage. ●HIIT followed by CWI did not alter CAC; ●HIIT followed by CWI increased CEC; ●Post-exercise CWI might cause endothelial damage.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author