Analisis Penggunaan Masker di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Pada Pria Kaum Bapa Gmim Kamang Suluun 3 di Desa Suluun Kecamatan Suluun Tareran Minahasa Selatan

Kebijakan mengenai upaya penanggulangan Covid-19 selain di Indonesia pemerintah di seluruh dunia juga mengeluarkan kebijakan yang bermacammacam, salah-satunya penggunaan masker oleh seluruh masyarakat merupakan upaya yang sudah disepakati di dunia dan dianjurkan sebagai metode dalam membatasi penularan komunitas oleh pembawa asimtomatik maupun prasimtomatik yang dapat menjadi pendorong utama cepatnya penularan. Tujuan penelitian Untuk menganalisis penerapan perilaku promosi (penggunaan masker) dan menganalisis hambatan terhadap perilaku dalam menggunakan masker. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan menggunakan, desain cross sectional. Tempat dilakukannya penelitian ini di Desa Suluun Kecamatan Suluun Tareran Minahasa Selatan dengan total sampel sebanyak 67 responden. Hasil penelitian yang di dapat dari kuesioner menunjukan bahwa penggunaan masker sudah baik mencapai 83,6% sedangkan hambatan terhadap perilaku dalam penggunaan masker masih tinggi di lihat dari hasil kuesioner terdapat 52,2% beralasan sudah kehabisan masker ketika keluar rumah dan 59,7% beralasan punya masker, tetapi malas menggunakan atau tidak nyaman jika di pakai di luar rumah.  Kata Kunci : Covid 19, Penggunaan Masker, Hambatatan ABSTRACTPolicies regarding efforts to deal with Covid-19 apart from in Indonesia, governments around the world have also issued various policies, one of which is the use of masks by the entire community, which is an effort that has been agreed upon in the world and is recommended as a method of limiting community transmission by asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic carriers that can cause infection. be the main driver of the rapid transmission. The purpose of the study was to analyze the application of promotional behavior (use of masks) and analyze barriers to behavior in using masks. This type of research is quantitative by using a cross sectional design. The place of this research was in Suluun Village, Suluun District, Tareran, South Minahasa with a total sample of 67 respondents. The results obtained from the questionnaire showed that the use of masks was good at 83.6% while the barriers to behavior in the use of masks were still high. From the questionnaire results, 52.2% reasoned that they had run out of masks when leaving the house and 59.7% reasoned. have a mask, but are lazy to use or uncomfortable when used outside the house. Keywords: Covid 19, Use of Masks, Barrier

Anemia at hospital admission and its relation to outcomes in patients with heart failure (from the polish cohort of 2 European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Registries)

[Abstract] Anemia is a commonly observed co-morbidity in heart failure (HF). The aim of the study was to assess prevalence, risk factors for, and effect of anemia on short- and long-term outcomes in HF. The study included 1,394 Caucasian patients hospitalized for HF, with known hemoglobin concentration on hospital admission, participating in 2 HF registries of the European Society of Cardiology (Pilot and Long-Term). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin concentration of <13 g/dl for men and <12 g/dl for women. Primary end points were (1) all-cause death at 1 year and (2) a composite of all-cause death and rehospitalization for HF at 1 year. Secondary end points included inter alia death during index hospitalization. In addition, we investigated the effect of changes in hemoglobin concentration during hospitalization on prognosis. Anemia occurred in 33% of patients. Predictors of anemia included older age, diabetes, greater New York Heart Association class at hospital admission and kidney disease. During 1-year follow-up, 21% of anemic and 13% of nonanemic patients died (p <0.0001). Combined primary end point occurred in 45% of anemic and in 33% of nonanemic patients (p <0.0001). Anemia was strongly predictive of all the prespecified clinical end points in univariate analyses but not in multivariate analyses. Changes in hemoglobin concentration during hospitalization had no effect on 1-year outcomes. In conclusion, anemia was present in 1/3 of patients with HF. Mild-to-moderate anemia seems more a marker of older age, worse clinical condition, and a higher co-morbidity burden, rather than an independent risk factor in HF

Elektryczna i mechaniczna dysfunkcja przedsionków u pacjenta z dystrofią mięśniową Emery-Dreifussa przyczyną zmiany wyboru optymalnej formy elektroterapii: częste powikłanie rzadkiej choroby

We present a case of a 35 year-old male patient with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy diagnosed in the age of 12 whowas assigned to dual chamber pacing system due to bradycardia primarily recognised as sinus node insufficiency with theatrio-ventricular nodal rhythm. During the procedure permanent electrical atrial stand-still without atrial capture were detectedand the mode of stimulation was change to VVIR

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Induced by a Genetically Modified Picornavirus in Its Natural Murine Host

Infections with the picornavirus, human rhinovirus (HRV), are a major cause of wheezing illnesses and asthma exacerbations. In developing a murine model of picornaviral airway infection, we noted the absence of murine rhinoviruses and that mice are not natural hosts for HRV. The picornavirus, mengovirus, induces lethal systemic infections in its natural murine hosts, but small genetic differences can profoundly affect picornaviral tropism and virulence. We demonstrate that inhalation of a genetically attenuated mengovirus, vMC0, induces lower respiratory tract infections in mice. After intranasal vMC0 inoculation, lung viral titers increased, peaking at 24 h postinoculation with viral shedding persisting for 5 days, whereas HRV-A01a lung viral titers decreased and were undetectable 24 h after intranasal inoculation. Inhalation of vMC0, but not vehicle or UV-inactivated vMC0, induced an acute respiratory illness, with body weight loss and lower airway inflammation, characterized by increased numbers of airway neutrophils and lymphocytes and elevated pulmonary expression of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCR2 ligands (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5) and interleukin-17A. Mice inoculated with vMC0, compared with those inoculated with vehicle or UV-inactivated vMC0, exhibited increased pulmonary expression of interferon (IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-λ), viral RNA sensors [toll-like receptor (TLR)3, TLR7, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2)], and chemokines associated with HRV infection in humans (CXCL10, CCL2). Inhalation of vMC0, but not vehicle or UV-inactivated vMC0, was accompanied by increased airway fluid myeloperoxidase levels, an indicator of neutrophil activation, increased MUC5B gene expression, and lung edema, a sign of infection-related lung injury. Consistent with experimental HRV inoculations of nonallergic, nonasthmatic human subjects, there were no effects on airway hyperresponsiveness after inhalation of vMC0 by healthy mice. This novel murine model of picornaviral airway infection and inflammation should be useful for defining mechanisms of HRV pathogenesis in humans

Sex- and age-related differences in the management and outcomes of chronic heart failure: an analysis of patients from the ESC HFA EORP Heart Failure Long-Term Registry

Aims: This study aimed to assess age- and sex-related differences in management and 1-year risk for all-cause mortality and hospitalization in chronic heart failure (HF) patients. Methods and results: Of 16 354 patients included in the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Long-Term Registry, 9428 chronic HF patients were analysed [median age: 66 years; 28.5% women; mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 37%]. Rates of use of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) were high (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists: 85.7%, 88.7% and 58.8%, respectively). Crude GDMT utilization rates were lower in women than in men (all differences: P\ua0 64 0.001), and GDMT use became lower with ageing in both sexes, at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT prescription; however, age >75 years was a significant predictor of GDMT underutilization. Rates of all-cause mortality were lower in women than in men (7.1% vs. 8.7%; P\ua0=\ua00.015), as were rates of all-cause hospitalization (21.9% vs. 27.3%; P\ua075 years. Conclusions: There was a decline in GDMT use with advanced age in both sexes. Sex was not an independent predictor of GDMT or adverse outcomes. However, age >75 years independently predicted lower GDMT use and higher all-cause mortality in patients with LVEF 6445%

Heart failure in COVID-19: the multicentre, multinational PCHF-COVICAV registry.

AIMS: We assessed the outcome of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with heart failure (HF) compared with patients with other cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia). We further wanted to determine the incidence of HF events and its consequences in these patient populations. METHODS AND RESULTS: International retrospective Postgraduate Course in Heart Failure registry for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and CArdioVascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia) was performed in 28 centres from 15 countries (PCHF-COVICAV). The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Of 1974 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 1282 had cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (median age: 72 [interquartile range: 62-81] years, 58% male), with HF being present in 256 [20%] patients. Overall in-hospital mortality was 25% (n = 323/1282 deaths). In-hospital mortality was higher in patients with a history of HF (36%, n = 92) compared with non-HF patients (23%, n = 231, odds ratio [OR] 1.93 [95% confidence interval: 1.44-2.59], P < 0.001). After adjusting, HF remained associated with in-hospital mortality (OR 1.45 [95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.06], P = 0.041). Importantly, 186 of 1282 [15%] patients had an acute HF event during hospitalization (76 [40%] with de novo HF), which was associated with higher in-hospital mortality (89 [48%] vs. 220 [23%]) than in patients without HF event (OR 3.10 [2.24-4.29], P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with HF are at increased risk for in-hospital death. In-hospital worsening of HF or acute HF de novo are common and associated with a further increase in in-hospital mortality

Tekhnik-tekhnik statistika dalam bisnis dan ekonomi : Statisstical Techniques in business and economics

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