Expérience d’une intervention de groupe

L'objet de cet article porte sur une expérience de groupe tentée à la succursale St-Denis-Gounod au Centre des Services Sociaux du Montréal Métropolitain. Cet article vise surtout à communiquer un travail qui a été fait et la réflexion qui s'en suit. Cet article n'a donc pas du tout la prétention de rapporter une expérience de groupe révolutionnaire en soi et à l'adopter sur une vaste échelle.The author describes group experience with 9 women in the midst of marital problems. There were 5 principal goals in the group: make a decision with regard to one's marital life; to grow stronger on the individual level; to experience solidarity among women; to discover community resources; and to reflect on the condition of women. After 11 sessions, which she summarizes, the author provides an assessment: low rate of absenteeism; a decision by 3 women to separate from their husbands; affirmations on the part of 3 others with regard to their husbands; the creation of continuing affective ties among within the group; the discovery of community resources and the participation in outside activities. The only partially-obtained objective was that concerning reflection on the feminine condition

Le rôle du Néolithique ancien méditerranéen dans la néolithisation de l'Europe atlantique

National audienceStylistic influences from Impressed Ware groups have been discovered from Gibraltar to the Loire river. The patterns proposed to explain the expanding of Early Atlantic Neolithic are either a fast maritime expansion or a gradual integration of new techniques. The neolithization of Portugal is a little bit older than in other places of the atlantic shoreline. Its specific characteristics could evoke prehistoric traditions coming from North Africa. Because of this technical transformations, the hypothesis of a neolithization bypassing the iberian peninsula seems actually impossible to stand. Betwenn the rivers Loire and Garonne, we present several aspects of the first neolithic appearances : from the neolithic impact on mesolithic material culture (retzian, final mesolithic of l'Essart at Poitiers) to the Neolithic evolved of Les Ouchettes. We propose to consider this process as gradual and polymorphous during a long period (second half of 6th to first half of 5th cal BC)Des influences stylistiques issues de la sphère des groupes " à céramique imprimée " ont été détectées de longue date depuis Gibraltar jusqu'à la Loire. Les modèles proposés pour rendre compte de la mise en place du premier Néolithique atlantique vont d'un déplacement rapide de populations par voie maritime à l'intégration progressive des techniques néolithiques dans les systèmes du Mésolithique. La néolithisation du Portugal, en léger décalage chronologique par rapport au cycle de la céramique imprimée, s'accompagne de nombreuses spécificités matérielles qui pourraient évoquer des liens avec l'Afrique du Nord. L'analyse de ces spécificités montre aujourd'hui que l'hypothèse du contournement de la péninsule Ibérique comme voie de néolithisation de l'ouest de la France est à exclure. Entre la Loire et la Garonne, plusieurs fenêtres d'analyses s'ouvrent : des premiers impacts néolithiques sur le Mésolithique final (Retzien, Mésolithique de l'Essart à Poitiers) jusqu'au Néolithique ancien évolué des Ouchettes. Elles permettent de décrire un processus gradué et polymorphe, daté de l'extrême fin du 6ème et surtout du début du 5ème millénaire avant J.-C

Le rôle du Néolithique ancien méditerranéen dans la néolithisation de l'Europe atlantique

National audienceStylistic influences from Impressed Ware groups have been discovered from Gibraltar to the Loire river. The patterns proposed to explain the expanding of Early Atlantic Neolithic are either a fast maritime expansion or a gradual integration of new techniques. The neolithization of Portugal is a little bit older than in other places of the atlantic shoreline. Its specific characteristics could evoke prehistoric traditions coming from North Africa. Because of this technical transformations, the hypothesis of a neolithization bypassing the iberian peninsula seems actually impossible to stand. Betwenn the rivers Loire and Garonne, we present several aspects of the first neolithic appearances : from the neolithic impact on mesolithic material culture (retzian, final mesolithic of l'Essart at Poitiers) to the Neolithic evolved of Les Ouchettes. We propose to consider this process as gradual and polymorphous during a long period (second half of 6th to first half of 5th cal BC)Des influences stylistiques issues de la sphère des groupes " à céramique imprimée " ont été détectées de longue date depuis Gibraltar jusqu'à la Loire. Les modèles proposés pour rendre compte de la mise en place du premier Néolithique atlantique vont d'un déplacement rapide de populations par voie maritime à l'intégration progressive des techniques néolithiques dans les systèmes du Mésolithique. La néolithisation du Portugal, en léger décalage chronologique par rapport au cycle de la céramique imprimée, s'accompagne de nombreuses spécificités matérielles qui pourraient évoquer des liens avec l'Afrique du Nord. L'analyse de ces spécificités montre aujourd'hui que l'hypothèse du contournement de la péninsule Ibérique comme voie de néolithisation de l'ouest de la France est à exclure. Entre la Loire et la Garonne, plusieurs fenêtres d'analyses s'ouvrent : des premiers impacts néolithiques sur le Mésolithique final (Retzien, Mésolithique de l'Essart à Poitiers) jusqu'au Néolithique ancien évolué des Ouchettes. Elles permettent de décrire un processus gradué et polymorphe, daté de l'extrême fin du 6ème et surtout du début du 5ème millénaire avant J.-C

Mésolithique final et Néolithique ancien autour du détroit : une perspective septentrionale (Atlantique / Méditerranée)

International audienceSeveral recent excavations allow us to identify, within the first components of the Portuguese Neolithic, some particularities that seem to represent a rupture with the "franco-iberian" Cardial. We can cite, for example, the abundance of arrowheads of segment type, the heat treatment of flint or even some pottery shapes and decorations which diversify dramatically on the transition from the 6th to 5th millennium BC ("bag-like shapes", the use of la almagra, varieties of impressed and incised techniques). In order to explain this recomposition of the Neolithic package in Southern Iberia, it seemed to us interesting to explore various African lines of evidence. It seems therefore that the recomposition of the Neolithic technological system is done both by the conjunction of elements of diverse origins and by local mutations, which is not in full accord with the rapid pioneer displacement often used to model the Mediterranean Neolithi

Molecular precursor approach to metal oxide and pnictide thin films

AbstractMolecular precursors for the preparation of main group metal oxide and transition metal pnictide thin films have been developed. This work involves the design and synthesis of single-source precursors that contain all the elements required in the thin film. Design of the ideal precursor presents a significant challenge since they must be volatile, non-toxic and thermally stable. Therefore the precursors have been tailored to give clean, reproducible decomposition leading to high quality thin films with good coverage of the substrate. In this review key aspects of precursor synthesis and thin film deposition developed in our group are described. The range of precursors developed for main group oxides, in particular gallium and indium oxide, are discussed, with the most studied being the donor-functionalized alkoxides of the type [R2M(OR′)]2 (M=Ga, In; R=H, Me, Et; R′=CH2CH2NMe2, CH2CH2OMe etc.). Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that monomers are formed in the gas phase via stabilization of the metal centre by the donor atom (N or O). Precursors to transition metal pnictides have also been developed, including guanidinates, imides, phosphine and arsine compounds and an overview of their use in film deposition is given

Des centuriations plus belles que jamais?

RésuméLes études morphologiques du paysage se sont longtemps appuyées sur l’idée que les formes pouvaient être lues comme des pages d’histoire que les historiens se répartissaient en fonction de l’époque de prédilection de chacun. Toutefois récemment on a montré que la structuration en réseau est un processus majeur de l’organisation des formes, reposant sur une dynamique complexe, non linéaire un enchevêtrement d’histoires. Il faut donc renoncer étudier les formes à l’aide des concepts habituels qui, en dissociant les éléments et dans le temps et dans l’espace, nient cette dynamique. Un changement de perspective est nécessaire : à partir du concept d’auto-organisation, les processus d’évolution des systèmes spatiaux font apparaître un objet morphologique nouveau : dynamique, complexe, transmis, transformé.AbstractMorphological studies of the landscape have, for a long time now, been grounded in the idea that patterns can be interpreted as pages of history, which historians distribute among themselves as a function of their predilection for given eras. The forming of a network is, as recently shown, a major, nonlinear process, an entangled history based on a complex momentum for organizing forms. We must, therefore, give up studying patterns with the help of the usual concepts, which, by separating elements in time and space, deny this momentum. A change of perspective takes place toward the concept of “auto-organization”, whereby changes in spatial systems shed limit on a new, dynamic, complex, transmitted, transformed morphological form

The Solar Forecast Similarity Method: a new method to compute solar radiation forecasts for the next day

International audienceThe need for PV plant owners to plan what they are injecting in the electricity grid is more and more stringent to avoid endangering the whole supply in electricity. A new solar forecast algorithm, named Solar Forecast Similarity Method, has been developed to predict irradiance for the next day based on a statistical study of the long term HelioClim-3 irradiation database. This algorithm searches in the past for the most similar days compared to the day of interest and uses their following days to produce a forecast. The model has been optimized against the database itself to compute the most adequate set of parameters over France and for the month of January 2014. With this configuration, the results are a null bias and a root mean square error of 48%. The algorithm outperforms the persistence by 20% and the error is similar to existing methods. An objective validation has then been carried out to compare the irradiance forecasts to high quality measurements from several Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) ground stations. The method is very promising since the comparison results are in line or lower than the one obtained with the first validation analysis performed on the HelioClim-3 database. For high frequencies, however, predictions have a high error for rapidly varying weather. This demonstrates that the method provides information for the averaged production the following day but requires another input to reliably predict high frequency irradiance

Evaluating the spatial and temporal variations of the performance of CAMS Radiation Service and HelioClim-3 databases of surface irradiation in Germany

International audienceSatellite-derived databases of the surface solar irradiance (SSI) have become an essential source of information for various applications in solar energy. Assessing the accuracy of these data by comparison with reference in-situ measurements is therefore ever gaining in importance. Several authors have reported that performances of a given database differ from one site to another depending on the geographical region, topography, orography, climate, viewing angle from the satellite.. . A good understanding of the spatial and temporal variation of the SSI estimation error is key to allow end-user to have an appropriate level of expectation on the accuracy of this data. This knowledge can also be very important for the further developments of the algorithms. The present work contributes to this objective by extending the validation works carried out in the last years for numerous regions (Europe, Brazil, Egypt, Arabic Peninsula, Morocco and The Netherlands) to Germany. We consider two databases: the CAMS Radiation Service version 3 (abbreviated as CAMS-Rad) and the HelioClim-3 version 5 (abbreviated as HC3v5) that are widely used by academics and practitioners. The present communication focuses on several stations located in Germany operated by the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). They are spread over the country, thus allowing the study of the spatial consistency of the performance of each database. Measurements of 10 min means of global irradiance made by pyranometers (CM11 and CM21) and SCAPP set publicly available by the DWD for the period 2010-2018 (9 years) have been used for the validation. Measurements were quality-checked using the method described by Roesch et al. (2011). Satellite-derived SSI estimates were collected from the SoDa web site (www.soda-pro.com) for the same locations and same instants of measurements for both databases. CAMS-Rad uses the Heliosat-4 method with different inputs: the clear-sky radiation is evaluated using Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) information on the aerosol, ozone and water vapour contained in the atmosphere, the cloud attenuation is considered using cloud optical properties retrieved every 15 min from Meteosat imagery using APPOLO. The second database is the HelioClim-3v5 that is derived from Meteosat images using the Heliosat-2 method, McClear and CAMS products. For each database, standard error metrics are computed at each station. A particular attention is paid in the presentation of the validation results to evaluate the effects of different parameters such as e.g. the solar elevation and the clearness index on the error. A focus of this work is laid on the consistency of the errors with space and time

Development of air and dust sampling methods for quantitative measurements of polybromated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in offices

International audienc

One Click Focus with Eye-in-hand/Eye-to-hand Cooperation

A critical assumption of many multi-view control systems is the initial visibility of the regions of interest from all the views. An initialization step is proposed for a hybrid eye-in-hand/eye-to-hand grasping system to overcome this requirement. In this paper, the object of interest is assumed to be within the eye-to-hand field of view, whereas it may not be within the eye-in-hand one. The object model is unknown and no database is used. The object lies in a complex scene with a cluttered background. A method to automatically focus the object of interest is presented, tested and validated on a multi view robotic system