102 research outputs found

    : = Quantified Ecology. Draft description of the continental environment using microvertebrates

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    International audienceFace Ă  l'insuffisance des donnĂ©es isotopiques (18O/16O) sur le domaine continental, la mĂ©thode de l'Ă©cologie quantifiĂ©e tente de combler cette lacune Ă  l'aide des microvertĂ©brĂ©s. Les donnĂ©es de base sont prĂ©sentĂ©es en annexe pour 145 espĂšces eurasiatiques et 450 stations mĂ©tĂ©orologiques du mĂȘme espace, offrant chacune 15 paramĂštres climatiques trentenaires. La technique de traitement des donnĂ©es est prĂ©sentĂ©e sous forme d'un mode opĂ©ratoire facilitant son emploi pour l'Ă©laboration des graphiques. Des exemples de rĂ©sultats sont donnĂ©s pour chacun des paramĂštres d'un mĂȘme site. Les exemples suivants concernent strictement l'Ă©volution de la moyenne des tempĂ©ratures annuelles dans quatre gisements couvrant la fin du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen et presque entiĂšrement le PlĂ©istocĂšne supĂ©rieur. La courbe est comparĂ©e Ă  des sites contemporains traitĂ©s par d'autres mĂ©thodes. Un dernier diagramme retrace la synthĂšse du cheminement de la courbe et la compare Ă  la courbe 18O/16O de Martinson (Martinson et al. 1987) portant sur les bryozoaires des fonds marins des cinq ocĂ©ans. Enfin, diffĂ©rents traitements sont proposĂ©s par transposition des formules des climatologues et concernent la continentalitĂ©, la pluviomĂ©trie, l'ariditĂ© et le confort mais elles ne sont pas dĂ©veloppĂ©es

    La grotte de la Chauve-Souris à DonzÚre (DrÎme, France) : L'environnement holocÚne par la méthode quantitative appliquée aux microvertébrés. Essai de définition et application

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    International audienceThe « Chauve-Souris » cave at DonzĂ©re (DrĂŽme, France). Holocene environment by quantitative method applied on microvertebrates. Definition and application attempt.- The study of microfauna collected by one of us (J.V.) during the excavation of the « Chauve-Souris » cave (DonzĂšre, DrĂŽme, France) widely covers the second half of Holocene and chiefly final Neolithic and final Bronze Age. Species are relatively common except the Iberic Vole (Microtus cabrerae Thomas, 1906 ) only ibĂ©ric to day, and Romanian Bat (Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 1901), disappeared of France or in way to disappearing. The common Mouse (Mus musculus L., 1758) appears briefly during Final Neolithic and seems to settle durably during Final Bronze Age. The medio-rhodanian position of the site records animal fluctuations as well as human migrations fixed in ceramic styles. But, in more, by its sensibility, fauna transcribes human influence on environment, (ex. : deforestation), climatic modifications and also, if we believe in the coĂŻncidence of some accidents of th thermic curve, with the atmospheric rate of residual 14C. Biometric data used for bats determination are added in annexes.L'Ă©tude de la microfaune de la grotte de la Chauve-Souris (DonzĂšre, DrĂŽme) couvre largement la seconde moitiĂ© de l'HolocĂšne et principalement les Ă©poques du NĂ©olithique final et du Bronze final. Les espĂšces rencontrĂ©es sont relativement banales hormis le Campagnol ibĂ©rique (Microtus cabrerae Thomas, 1906) devenu strictement ibĂ©rique et le Rhinolophe de Roumanie (Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 1901) disparu rĂ©cemment de France ou en voie de disparition. La Souris grise (Mus musculus L., 1758) fait une apparition fugace au NĂ©olithique final et semble s'implanter durablement durant le Bronze final. La position mĂ©dio-rhodanienne du site enregistre les fluctuations animales autant que les migrations humaines imprimĂ©es dans les styles de cĂ©ramiques. Mais la faune en plus, par sa sensibilitĂ©, transcrit l'influence humaine sur l'environnement (ex. : la dĂ©forestation), les changements climatiques, et mĂȘme, si l'on en croit la coĂŻncidence de quelques accidents de la courbe thermique, avec les variations du taux de 14C rĂ©siduel atmosphĂ©rique. Les donnĂ©es biomĂ©triques utilisĂ©es pour la dĂ©termination des ChiroptĂšres sont ajoutĂ©es en annexe

    L’écologie quantifiĂ©e. Essai de description de l’environnement continental Ă  l’aide des microvertĂ©brĂ©s

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    Face Ă  l’insuffisance des donnĂ©es isotopiques (18O/16O) sur le domaine continental, la mĂ©thode de l’écologie quantifiĂ©e tente de combler cette lacune Ă  l’aide des microvertĂ©brĂ©s. Les donnĂ©es de base sont prĂ©sentĂ©es en annexe pour 145 espĂšces eurasiatiques et 450 stations mĂ©tĂ©orologiques du mĂȘme espace, offrant chacune 15 paramĂštres climatiques trentenaires. La technique de traitement des donnĂ©es est prĂ©sentĂ©e sous forme d’un mode opĂ©ratoire facilitant son emploi pour l’élaboration des graphiques. Des exemples de rĂ©sultats sont donnĂ©s pour chacun des paramĂštres d’un mĂȘme site. Les exemples suivants concernent strictement l’évolution de la moyenne des tempĂ©ratures annuelles dans quatre gisements couvrant la fin du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen et presque entiĂšrement le PlĂ©istocĂšne supĂ©rieur. La courbe est comparĂ©e Ă  des sites contemporains traitĂ©s par d’autres mĂ©thodes. Un dernier diagramme retrace la synthĂšse du cheminement de la courbe et la compare Ă  la courbe 18O/16O de Martinson (Martinson et al. 1987) portant sur les bryozoaires des fonds marins des cinq ocĂ©ans. Enfin, diffĂ©rents traitements sont proposĂ©s par transposition des formules des climatologues et concernent la continentalitĂ©, la pluviomĂ©trie, l’ariditĂ© et le confort mais elles ne sont pas dĂ©veloppĂ©es.Due to the lack of isotopic data 18O/16O on the continental area, the “quantified ecology” method attempts to fill in this gap using data provided by microvertebrates. The basic data are provided as an Appendix for 145 Eurasian species and 450 weather stations of the same space, each showing 15 climatic parameters over thirty years. The data processing technique is presented as an operating procedure that makes it very easy to use for graph design. Examples of results are given for each parameter of the same site. The following examples are exclusively related to the change in average annual temperatures in four deposit field extending from the late Middle Pleistocene to nearly all the Upper Pleistocene. The curve is compared with others contemporaneous sites that were processed using different methods. A last chart shows a synthesis of the curve progress and compares it with the referential Martinson (18O/16O) curve (Martinson et al. 1987) pertaining to animalcules from sea beds in all five oceans. Lastly, different treatments are suggested for use by climatologists formula transposition and relate to continentality, pluviometry, aridity and comfort but are not further developed

    Microtus (Sumeriomys) bifrons nov. sp. (Rodentia, Mammalia), a new vole in the French Upper Pleistocene identified at the Petits Guinards site (Creuzier-le-Vieux, Allier, France)

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    Au sein d’une loupe de glissement constituant la seule partie conservĂ©e du site magdalĂ©nien et solutrĂ©en des Petits Guinards (Allier, France), plusieurs milliers de restes de rongeurs ont Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©s. Parmi les nombreux restes de campagnols locaux et borĂ©aux, un campagnol inconnu en France a Ă©tĂ© distinguĂ©. Il a Ă©tĂ© comparĂ© aux types les plus proches morphologiquement et gĂ©ographiquement : Microtus arvalis, Microtus agrestis, Microtus agrestis Leb. (tempĂ©rĂ©s), Microtus hyperboreus (borĂ©al), Microtus socialis et Microtus guentheri (orientaux). Les donnĂ©es biomĂ©triques ont Ă©galement Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es pour cinq de ces six morphotypes (socialis exclu). L’analyse de l’ensemble des donnĂ©es dĂ©montre que le microtinĂ© des Petits Guinards n’appartient Ă  aucune de ces espĂšces et qu’il ne peut en ĂȘtre une sous-espĂšce. Ce campagnol jamais signalĂ© en France, voire mĂȘme en Europe Ă  l’état fossile, est donc identifiĂ© comme une nouvelle espĂšce, que nous nommons Microtus bifrons nov. sp.In a crept deposit, the only preserved part of the Magdalenian and Solutrean site of Les Petits Guinard (Allier, France), many thousands of Rodent bones and teeth have been identified. Among the numerous remains of local and boreal voles, one is unknown in France. It has been compared to the nearest morphological and geographical morphotypus: Microtus arvalis, agrestis, agrestis Leb. (temperate species), hyperboreus (boreal species), socialis and guentheri (eastern species). Biometrical data of these morphotypus (socialis excepted) have also been analysed. The whole data analysis clearly demonstrates that this vole of Les Petits Guinards is not one of the mentioned species, neither a sub-species. Never identified in France, living or fossilised, it is considered as a new species, called Microtus bifrons nov. sp

    Les Muridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen de l’Igue des Rameaux (Tarn-et-Garonne, France)

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    La dĂ©couverte du rĂ©seau souterrain de l’Igue des Rameaux sur la commune de Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val (Tarn-et-Garonne) par les membres du Groupe SpĂ©lĂ©ologique de Caussade, a permis de rĂ©vĂ©ler une importante et intĂ©ressante faune de grands et petits mammifĂšres (Rouzaud et al. 1990). Exceptionnellement, quatre espĂšces du genre Apodemus ont Ă©tĂ© reconnues et ce papier cherche Ă  dĂ©finir les particularitĂ©s morphologiques et biomĂ©triques de chacune d’elles. Cette opportunitĂ© nous permet de discuter des membres de petite taille de ce genre, provenant de divers sites du PlĂ©istocĂšne moyen, et proposer de maniĂšre prĂ©liminaire un classement phylĂ©tique dans l’arbre gĂ©nĂ©alogique de la famille prolifique des MuridĂ©s, malgrĂ© la faiblesse des effectifs rendant l’opĂ©ration statistiquement alĂ©atoire.The discovery of the karstic system of “l’Igue des Rameaux” at Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val (Tarn-et-Garonne, France) by the Speleologic Group of Caussade, allowed to bring out an interesting and important faunasboth of large and small mammals (Rouzaudet al. 1990). Unusually four species of Apodemus have been recognized and this paper has for purposeto define their biometrical and morphological particularities. This opportunity incites us to gather some small size members of this genus, from different sites of Middle Pleistocene and propose a tentatively phyletic classification in the genealogical tree of the prolific murids family, despite the weakness of the datamaking the operation statistically random

    Mimomys pyrenaicus nov. sp.a new Upper Pleistocene Arvicolid (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the Pyrénées (Fréchet-Aure, Hautes-Pyrénées, France)

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    Les fouilles poursuivies par l’un de nous (VM) Ă  la Grotte du Noisetier (ou PeyrĂšre 1) Ă  FrĂ©chet-Aure (Hautes-PyrĂ©nĂ©es) ont permis de rĂ©colter, par tamisage, plus de 80 000 vestiges rĂ©putĂ©s dĂ©terminables (sur prĂšs de 140 000 restes) de microvertĂ©brĂ©s. Parmi eux, deux molaires rhizodontes d’un minuscule arvicolidĂ© ont Ă©tĂ© isolĂ©es. La taille rĂ©duite, l’abondance de cĂ©ment dans les angles rentrants et la nette sĂ©paration des triangles t1 et t2 attestent leur appartenance au phylum mimomyen de Mimomys reidi – M. pusillus et M. blanci Ă©talĂ© sporadiquement sur l’ensemble du Quaternaire. Chronologiquement, cette nouvelle dĂ©couverte se place dans la lignĂ©e de Mimomys blanci (Van der Meulen 1973), dans la pĂ©riode isotopique de MIS 3 ou plus ancien, en prĂ©sence d’industrie moustĂ©rienne, et prĂ©cĂšde Mimomys salpetrierensis (Chaline 1980) de la fin du WĂŒrm. Morphologiquement, Mimomys pyrenaicus nov sp. est intermĂ©diaire par sa taille entre Mimomys blanci et Mimomys salpetrierensis comme il l’est dans la chronologie. Il diffĂšre cependant de tous les autres Mimomys de la lignĂ©e par l’absence de triangles clos et la prĂ©sence associĂ©e d’un « rhombe pitymyen » nettement dĂ©veloppĂ©, qui en font les caractĂšres spĂ©cifiques de ce nouveau taxon.Vincent Mourre excavations in the Grotte du Noisetier (or PeyrĂšre 1) permit to gather by sifting more than 80 000 determinable rests of microvertebrates. Among them, two rhizodont molars of a minute Arvicolid have been isolated. The small size, the abundant cement in the re-entrant angles and the distinctly wide separation of t1 and t2 triangles attest their belonging to the mimomyan phylum of Mimomys reidi-M. pusillus and M. blanci, extended sporadically over all Quaternary. Chronologically, this new discovery takes place in the descent of Mimomys blanci during the stage MIS 3, in presence of musterian industry in the begining of the last glaciation and precedes Mimomys salpetrierensis from the end of WĂŒrm. Morphologically, Mimomys pyrenaicus nov. sp. is intermediate by its size between M. blanci and M. salpetrierensis, as in chronology. However, it is different from all other Mimomys of that lineage because there is no one closed triangle and possesses associated “pitymyan rhombus” witch give the specific character to this taxo

    The middle Pleistocene Muridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from l’Igue des Rameaux (Tarn-et-Garonne, France)

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    The discovery of the karstic system of “l’Igue des Rameaux” at Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val (Tarn-et-Garonne, France) by the Speleologic Group of Caussade, allowed to bring out an interesting and important faunasboth of large and small mammals (Rouzaudet al. 1990). Unusually four species of Apodemus have been recognized and this paper has for purposeto define their biometrical and morphological particularities. This opportunity incites us to gather some small size members of this genus, from different sites of Middle Pleistocene and propose a tentatively phyletic classification in the genealogical tree of the prolific murids family, despite the weakness of the datamaking the operation statistically random

    CARNIVORES PLEISTOCENES EN MÂCONNAIS. EXCuRSION du 16e SYMPOSIUM INTERNATIONAL DE L’OuRS ETDU LION DES CAVERNES (AzĂ©, 2011)

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    International audienceThe excursion day of the 16th ICBLS provided participants with the opportunity to visit three major palaeontological sites of the Mùconnais: the Azé and Blanot Caves, and the Breccia site of Chùteau, especially rich in big Carnivores, mainly ursids and felids

    COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

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    Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≀ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≄ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men
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