Comparative study of the photodeposition of Pt, Au and Pd on pre-sulphated TiO2 for the photocatalytic decomposition of phenol

A comparative study of the photodeposition of Pt, Au and Pd under the same experimental conditions onto pre-sulphated and non-sulphated TiO2 was performed. Morphological and surface characterisation of the samples as well as photocatalytic activity for phenol photooxidation was studied. The influence of sulphate pre-treatment on the deposits size and dispersion onto the TiO 2 surface, and photodeposition yields with the different metals were also analysed. The photocatalytic activity of the doped materials was then investigated, observing that catalytic behaviour can be correlated to physical characteristics of the samples determined by (XRD) X-ray diffraction, (XPS) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (XRF) X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and (TEM) transmission electron microscopy. Sulphate pre-treatment was found to influence both the level of dispersion and the size of metal clusters on the TiO2 surface. Sulphation and metallisation of samples was found to produce a synergistic enhancement in photoactivity for the degradation of phenol. The photoactivity of the catalysts with respect to the doped metal species was ordered Pt > Pd > Au.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CTQ2008-05961-CO2-01Junta de Andalucía P06-FQM-140

Prevention of Falls from Heights in Construction Using an IoT System Based on Fuzzy Markup Language and JFML

The main cause of fatal accidents in the construction sector are falls from height (FFH) and the inappropriate use of a harness is commonly associated with these fatalities. Traditional methods, such as onsite inspections, safety communication, or safety training, are not enough to mitigate accidents caused by FFH associated with a poor management in the use of a harness. Although some technological solutions for the automated monitoring of workers could improve safety conditions, their use is not frequent due to the particularities of construction sites: complexity, dynamic environments, outdoor workplaces, etc. Then, the integration of expert knowledge with technology is a key issue. Fuzzy logic systems (FLS) and Internet of Things (IoT) present many potential benefits, such as real-time decisions being made based on FLS and data from sensors. In the current research, the development and test of an IoT system integrated with the Java Fuzzy Markup Language Library for FLS, to support experts’ decision making in FFH, is proposed. The proposal was checked in four construction scenarios based on working conditions with different levels of risk of FFH and obtained promising results

A facile Shape-Controlled Synthesis of highly photoactive Fluorine containing TiO2 nanosheets with high {001} facet exposure

Surface fluorinated TiO2 materials with high {001} facet exposure were prepared by a simple and high yield preparation procedure. Faceted/fluorinated samples showed a high photocatalytic performance not only in oxidation processes, tested inphenol and Methyl Orange degradation, but also in a reduction process as Cr(VI) photoreduction. Reaction rates for these materials greatly exceeded the ones obtained for materials prepared without Fluorine addition and for commercial TiO2 Degussa (Evonik) P25 used as reference photocatalyst. A broad characterisation of the samples allowed us to estimate the percentages of different facets and the amount and form in which the fluorine is found on the surfaces. Good photocatalytic behavior can be ascribed to both high {001} facet exposure and adsorbed fluorine on the photocatalysts surfacesMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2015-64664-C2-2-

Os micromachismos nos adolescentes. Sua associação com as relações de casal e o modelo de maternidade e paternidade

La identidad femenina continúa representada por la dependencia emocional, la comprensión y el cuidado de los otros, mientras que la masculina sigue asociada a la autosuficiencia, la racionalidad, el control emocional, la fuerza, el dominio y la competitividad. Los micromachismos son prácticas de dominación masculina en la vida cotidiana, precisamente cimentadas en la sutileza social/cultural, casi imperceptible, que ejerce hasta el “hombre menos machista del mundo”. Informes recientes sobre la juventud en España muestran la persistencia de los roles de género tradicionales. Objetivo. Conocer las representaciones sociales de los micromachismos en el modelo de pareja y el concepto de maternidad/paternidad que tienen los adolescentes del distrito Centro de Madrid. Metodología. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo en el que se realizaron dos grupos de discusión, uno con chicos y uno con chicas. Conclusiones. Los resultados muestran una población adolescente conocedora sobre temas de machismo y concienciada a producir un cambio hacia una sociedad más igualitaria. Se observa la importancia que tiene la educación en igualdad a edades tempranas para conseguir un cambio en la sociedad. Es importante continuar explorando los puntos de vista de los jóvenes sobre estos temas para conocer hasta qué punto está cambiando su perspectiva.Female identity is still represented by an emotional dependency, empathy and taking care of others, meanwhile the male one is still associated to self-sufficiency, rationality, self-control, strength, power and competitiveness. Everyday sexim are male domination practices on their daily life, precisely consolidated on the social/cultural subtleness, almost imperceptible, practiced even by “the less of the world’s male chauvinist”. In recent studies about Spanish youth, it is noticed the persistence of traditional gender roles. Objective. Recognize social representations of the everyday sexim inside the couple model and the concept teenagers have about paternity/maternity in the Center district of Madrid. Methodology. Qualitative study where two different discussion groups were created, one with boys and the other one with girls. Conclusion. The results of such study show a teenager population knowledgeable of the male chauvinist matters, and become aware to make a change towards a more equal society. It is shown the importance the education has in equality at early ages to achieve a change in the society. It is important to carry on exploring the youngers point of view regarding these matters, to get to know up to what point they are truly changing their perspective.A identidade feminina continua representada pela dependência emocional, pela compreensão e pelo cuidado dos outros, enquanto que a masculina permanece associada à auto-suficiência, à racionalidade, ao controlo emocional, à força, ao domínio e à competitividade. Os micromachismos são práticas de domínio masculino na vida quotidiana, precisamente cimentadas na subtileza social/cultural, quase impercetível, que exerce até o “homem menos machista do mundo”. Relatórios recentes sobre a juventude em Espanha mostram a persistência dos papéis de género tradicionais. Objetivo. Conhecer as representações sociais dos micromachismos no modelo de casal e o conceito de maternidade/paternidade que têm os adolescentes do distrito Centro de Madrid. Metodologia. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo no qual se realizaram dois grupos de discussão, um com rapazes e outro com raparigas. Conclusões. Os resultados mostram uma população adolescente conhecedora de temas sobre machismo e consciencializada para produzir uma mudança no sentido de uma sociedade mais igualitária. Observa-se a importância que tem a educação em igualdade em idades precoces para conseguir uma mudança na sociedade. É importante continuar a explorar os pontos de vista dos jovens sobre estes temas para conhecer até que ponto está a mudar a sua perspetiva

Hydrothermal preparation of highly photoactive TiO2 nanoparticles

TiO2 nanoparticles have been prepared by amine assisted sol–gel precipitation of Ti4+ aqueous solutions and further hydrothermal treatment. The effect of different starting acidic solution (nitric, chlorhydric and acetic acids) as well as the addition of triethylamine (TEA) at different pH has been widely investigated. It has been stated that different amounts of TEA could have interesting effects upon hydrothermal treatment. Surface and morphological features significantly differ from TiO2 prepared using different synthetic route. In all cases, amine precipitated TiO2 obtained exhibit high conversion values for phenol photo-oxidation reaction, being in certain conditions higher than that exhibited by TiO2 Degussa P25. The precipitation of the acetic acidified solution leads to high surface area values and well crystallized anatase with small crystallite size. In addition, this set of catalysts show the cleanest surface after the hydrothermal treatment. The conjunction of these features would be the characteristic features responsible of the best photocatalytic activity observed

Mixed α-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6 oxides for photoassisted hetero-Fenton degradation of Methyl Orange and Phenol

Mixed oxides, α-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6, were prepared using a mechanical mixing procedure by adding to the Bi2WO6 previously obtained by hydrothermal method the corresponding amount of a prepared α-Fe2O3, the latter obtained by thermal decomposition of Fe(NO3)∙9H2O. The physicochemical surface, structural, morphological characteristics and optical properties of the samples, single and mixed, were determined by BET, XRD, FE-SEM, XPS and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra showed that incorporating a 5%wt. of α-Fe2O3 to the corresponding amount of Bi2WO6 sample broadened the visible light absorption of Bi2WO6 as expected. The photocatalytic activity, of single and mixed catalysts, to degrade a selected dye such as Methyl Orange (MO) as well as the transparent substrate Phenol (Ph) was studied, in aqueous medium (pH ≈ 5.5) under UV and sun-like illumination conditions in the absence and presence of H2O2. In the present study the use of a α-Fe2O3-Bi2WO6/H2O2 system demonstrate much higher photocatalytic efficiency to degrade both MO and Ph than pristine Bi2WO6or α-Fe2O3, single or mixed. Using the system α-Fe2O3-Bi2WO6/H2O2, around 85% of MO was degraded in 60 min under sun-like illumination whereas 100% was degraded in 60 min under UV-illumination. However, just around 30% of Ph was degraded in 120 min in the α-Fe2O3-Bi2WO6/H2O2 system under sun-like illumination whereas around a 95% was degraded in 90 min under UV-illumination. Under UV-illumination, the generation of hydroxyl radicals is favorable; whereas under sun-like illumination, only the small fraction of the UV can produces the radical dotOH. Under illumination, the H2O2 could react with photoinduced electrons from the photocatalysts leading to the production of hydroxyl radicals (radical dotOH).Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CTQ2015-64664- C2-2-

Photocatalytic removal of patent blue V dye on Au-TiO2 and Pt-TiO2 catalysts

In this work it was studied the efficiency of a photocatalytic process for the removal of patent blue V. This dye is very difficult to remove by conventional treatments such as adsorption or coagulation therefore the photocatalytic process is a very interesting alternative for the removal this dye mainly because it does not require expensive oxidants and it can be carried out at mild temperatures and pressures. In this work it was tested the efficiency of Au-TiO2 and Pt-TiO2 photocatalysts in the Patent blue V removal. The Au-TiO2 catalysts were prepared by two different methods: chemical reduction and photochemical deposition; Pt-TiO2 catalysts were obtained only by photochemical deposition. In the synthesis of the catalysts prepared by photochemical deposition, it was evaluated the influence of some parameters, such as deposition time and the intensity of the light source over the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activity of the materials obtained. An analysis of the effect of the catalyst dosage and initial patent blue V concentration over the dye degradation efficiency was also attempted. In general, it was observed that the presence of Au or Pt on TiO2 enhances the patent blue V photodegradation; it was found that noble metal particle size and distribution on TiO2 surface are important factors influencing the dye removal. The highest dye degradation was obtained over the Au-TiO2 catalyst prepared by photochemical deposition, using high light intensity and 15 min of deposition time during the synthesis. A discoloration and a total organic carbon (TOC) removal of 93 and 67% respectively, were obtained over this material after 180 min of UV irradiation. These values are higher than that the obtained on S-TiO2 (discoloration and TOC removal of about 25% and 3%, respectively)

Economic impact assessment of small-scale sporting events using Social Accounting Matrices: an application to the Spanish Football League

Small-scale sporting events contribute to hosting economies through the expenditures of both sports team activities and sports tourism. Among these sports, football has an increasing importance worldwide, with outstanding competition, such as the Spanish Football League. The goal of this paper was to assess the impact of a team’s promotion on the hosting economy by using linear models based on regionalized Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs). The proposed methodology is applied to the real case of the promotion of the Spanish team Cordoba F.C. over the 2014–2015 season. Estimates are made under two scenarios, conservative and progressive, encompassing different rates of both attendance and average expenditure per spectator and per match. The results highlight that the net expenditures associated with small-scale sporting events benefit the hosting economy, spurring the production of goods and services directly demanded as well as the production of supplier activities

Psychometrics properties of the diabetic care perceived stress inventory: an study with a sample of parents of children with insulin-dependent diabetes

El objetivo de este trabajo fue el análisis preliminar de la fiabilidad y validez del “Inventario de Estrés en el Cuidado Diabético (forma padres)”, I.E.C.DI.. Esta prueba evalúa el estrés que perciben los padres de niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus insulino-dependiente (DMID) en distintas situaciones relativas al cuidado y/o supervisión del tratamiento de sus hijos. Un total de 100 padres, 37 padres y 63 madres, de niños con DMID participaron en el estudio. Se obtuvo una estructura factorial de cuatro factores que explicó el 55,76% de la varianza de la versión final de 50 ítems. Son necesarios futuros estudios para confirmar las propiedades psicométricas y la utilidad del I.E.C.DI. para contribuir a avanzar en la investigación del papel del estrés en la DMID.The aim of this work was the preliminary analysis of reliability and validity of the “Diabetic Care Stress Inventory (parents form)”, D.C.S.I. This instrument assess the perceived stress in parents of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) regarding their children diabetic care and/or treatment supervision. A total of 100 parents, 37 fathers and 63 mothers, of children with IDDM participated in the study. The analysis showed that four factors which accounted for 55,76% of the variance of the final 50 items version. Future studies are necessary to endorse D.C.S.I.’s psychometric properties and utility to contribute to more advance in research on the role of stress in IDDM.Este trabajo ha sido realizado gracias a la financiación HUM 96/06 del Plan Regional de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico y del Conocimiento (Programa Séneca) de la Consejería de Cultura y Educación de la Comunidad de Murcia

Study of Ionization Charge Density-Induced Gain Suppression in LGADs

Gain suppression induced by excess carriers in Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) has been investigated using 3 MeV protons in a nuclear microprobe. In order to modify the ionization density inside the detector, Ion Beam Induced Current (IBIC) measurements were performed at different proton beam incidence angles between 0◦ and 85◦. The experimental results have been analyzed as a function of the ionization density projected on the multiplication layer, finding that the increase of ionization density leads to greater gain suppression. For bias voltages close to the gain onset value, this decrease in gain results into a significant distortion of the transient current waveforms measured by the Time-Resolved IBIC (TRIBIC) technique due to a deficit in the secondary holes component. For angles of incidence such that the Bragg peak falls within the sensitive volume of the detector, the formation of microplasmas modifies the behavior of the gain curves, producing an abrupt decrease in gain as the angle increases.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-098117-B-C21, 10.13039/501100011033, ICTS-2020-02-US-4Junta de Andalucía US-1380791European Union FPA2017-85155-C4-1-R, FPA2017-85155-C4-2-