Participation in compulsory secondary education outside the ordinary classroom: Analysis of educational support measures in the Regions of Murcia and Valencia

Esta comunicación plantea en qué medida un estudiante podría realizar la totalidad de la etapa de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria cursando únicamente programas o medidas destinadas a alumnado que presenta dificultades en su aprendizaje, bien por circunstancias no atribuibles a su falta de estudio, bien por valorar de forma negativa el medio escolar. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de la legislación de dos Comunidades Autónomas: la Región de Murcia y la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la enorme proliferación de estos programas extraordinarios, que, si bien presentan aspectos positivos, también segregan y etiquetan al alumnado que los cursa, separándolos del aula ordinaria. Entre otros programas diseñados en estas Comunidades llama la atención el Programa de Refuerzo Curricular que ya se establece en la Región de Murcia en 1º de ESO, así como también el Programa de Refuerzo que se implanta en la Comunidad Valenciana en 4º de ESOThis paper suggests the extent to which a student could complete the whole of compulsory secondary education by studying only programs or measures aimed at students who have difficulties in their learning, be it to circumstances not attributable to their lack of study, or to a negative assessment of the school environment. For this, an analysis of the legislation of two Autonomous Communities is made: The Region of Murcia and the Valencian Community. The results obtained show the enormous proliferation of these extraordinary programs, which despite presenting positive features, they also segregate and label the students who enrol in them, keeping them away from the ordinary classroom. Among other programs designed in these communities, we draw attention to both the Curricular Reinforcement Program that is already established in the Region of Murcia in the 1st year of ESO, as well as the Reinforcement Program that is implanted in the Valencian Community in the 4th year of ES

Survival and grade of the glioma prediction using transfer learning

[EN] Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor with a life expectancy of only 3–6 months without treatment. Detecting and predicting its survival and grade accurately are crucial. This study introduces a novel approach using transfer learning techniques. Various pre-trained networks, including EfficientNet, ResNet, VGG16, and Inception, were tested through exhaustive optimization to identify the most suitable architecture. Transfer learning was applied to fine-tune these models on a glioblastoma image dataset, aiming to achieve two objectives: survival and tumor grade prediction.The experimental results show 65% accuracy in survival prediction, classifying patients into short, medium, or long survival categories. Additionally, the prediction of tumor grade achieved an accuracy of 97%, accurately differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG). The success of the approach is attributed to the effectiveness of transfer learning, surpassing the current state-of-the-art methods. In conclusion, this study presents a promising method for predicting the survival and grade of glioblastoma. Transfer learning demonstrates its potential in enhancing prediction models, particularly in scenarios with limited large datasets. These findings hold promise for improving diagnostic and treatment approaches for glioblastoma patients.S

Malacofauna of the late Middle Pleistocene in the Jarama valley: The Valdocarros site (Madrid, Spain)

Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y ArqueologíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaTRUEsubmitte

Cirugía de prótesis de cadera en el adulto con enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes

Objetivos: Revisar las cirugías de prótesis totales de cadera realizadas en nuestro hospital, determinar el origen de la artrosis e identificar cuántas se colocaron por coxartrosis secundarias a enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en el que se revisaron todas las cirugías de prótesis totales de cadera desde 2008 hasta diciembre de 2021. Se evaluaron las radiografías prequirúrgicas para determinar la etiología de la artrosis, y se consideraron variables, como lateralidad, sexo y edad en el momento de la intervención. Resultados: Se revisaron 1103 caderas en 935 pacientes. El 81% correspondía a coxartrosis primaria. En 11 caderas de 10 pacientes (1%), se detectó coxartrosis secundaria a la enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes. La media de la edad de estos pacientes era de 61 años. Conclusiones: Hay evidencia de que las alteraciones del crecimiento de la fisis femoral proximal o el sobrecrecimiento del trocánter mayor, propias de la enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes, pueden contribuir a la aparición de un choque femoroacetabular, con su consiguiente coxartrosis precoz. Es posible que algunas “mal clasificadas” coxartrosis primarias fueran identificadas así porque no existía otro dato sugerente de coxartrosis secundarias, y escondieran otra etiología evolucionada. Asimismo, proponemos el seguimiento del paciente joven con enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes, más allá del final del crecimiento, para identificar el choque femoroacetabular en sus inicios y poder ofrecer opciones terapéuticas artroscópicas

Trabajo por proyectos: aprendizaje con sentido

El presente proyecto de Innovación Educativa Basada en Evidencias (IEBE) fue realizado en el marco del curso Modelos y Estrategias de Enseñanza de la Maestría en Educación del Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM) en México. La investigación se enfocó a la asignatura de Español en nivel secundaria, en dos escuelas de diferentes ciudades del país, Córdoba, Veracruz y Aguascalientes, ambas bilingües, mixtas y del sector privado. Se trata de una investigación realizada en cuatro contextos seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico. El método de investigación fue mixto, integrando instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos para la recolección de datos. La investigación consistió en poner en práctica el método de trabajo por proyectos, como una vía para desarrollar competencias específicas como: integración de la teoría con la práctica, análisis situacional, activación de conocimientos previos, reflexión y análisis como un medio para conocer y comprender la realidad, establecimiento de metas de aprendizaje, desarrollo de automotivación y el pensamiento crítico, participación en la construcción de conocimientos a partir del intercambio de ideas, cognición social e individual, potenciar las habilidades cognitivas, entre otras

Complex multidisciplinary intervention to improve Initial Medication Adherence to cardiovascular disease and diabetes treatments in primary care (the IMA-cRCT study) : mixed-methods process evaluation protocol

Medication non-initiation, or primary non-adherence, is a persistent public health problem that increases the risk of adverse clinical outcomes. The initial medication adherence (IMA) intervention is a complex multidisciplinary intervention to improve adherence to cardiovascular and diabetes treatments in primary care by empowering the patient and promoting informed prescriptions based on shared decision-making. This paper presents the development and implementation strategy of the IMA intervention and the process evaluation protocol embedded in a cluster randomised controlled trial (the IMA-cRCT) to understand and interpret the outcomes of the trial and comprehend the extent of implementation and fidelity, the active mechanisms of the IMA intervention and in what context the intervention is implemented and works. We present the protocol for a mixed-methods process evaluation including quantitative and qualitative methods to measure implementation and fidelity and to explore the active mechanisms and the interactions between the intervention, participants and its context. The process evaluation will be conducted in primary care centres and community pharmacies from the IMA-cRCT, and participants include healthcare professionals (general practitioners, nurses and community pharmacists) as well as patients. Quantitative data collection methods include data extraction from the intervention operative records, patient clinical records and participant feedback questionnaires, whereas qualitative data collection involves semistructured interviews, focus groups and field diaries. Quantitative and qualitative data will be analysed separately and triangulated to produce deeper insights and robust results. Ethical approval has been obtained from the Research Ethics Comittee (CEIm) at IDIAP Jordi Gol (codeCEIm 21/051 P). Findings will be disseminated through publications and conferences, as well as presentations to healthcare professionals and stakeholders from healthcare organisations.

Late Middle Pleistocene malacofauna of the Acheulean site of Valdocarros II, Jarama river valley, Madrid, Spain

ing to its geographical position relative to northwestern Europe, the Iberian Peninsula was a refuge for many species during periods of harsh environmental conditions in the Quaternary. Despite this, the Pleistocene history of non-marine molluscs in Spain has been scarcely addressed. In this study, we examine the malacofauna of Valdocarros II, a site within the Complex Terrace of Arganda in the Jarama river valley tributary of the Tagus River in central Spain. This large, minutely-excavated site consists of five flood sequences identified in five archaeological levels and has been dated to the late Middle Pleistocene (end MIS 8–beginning MIS 7). Specimens of twelve freshwater and eighteen land mollusc taxa were identified. The most abundant species observed was Xerotricha madritensis, a land snail endemic to the Iberian Peninsula that today inhabits exposed surfaces with scarce plant cover. The most abundant freshwater species found was Anisus spirorbis, which currently thrives in tributaries of the Jarama River. This malacofauna assemblage features different ecological components, though dry, open-ground terrestrial species predominate. A correspondence analysis of the most frequently appearing land animals and the archaeological levels revealed a slight separation of level 2 from the other levels, indicative of its mesophilous character. However, few differences among these levels were identified in three correspondence analyses performed on the land or freshwater species datasets. Our observations of the malacofauna assemblage of Valdocarros II indicate a site characterized by a temperate climate and open areas with riverside vegetation. Furthermore, we propose the assignment of this site to an interstadial given the observed malacofauna of the five levels

Development of a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire for adult patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (HAE-QoL): Spanish multi-centre research project

BACKGROUND: There is a need for a disease-specific instrument for assessing health-related quality of life in adults with hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency, a rare, disabling and life-threatening disease. In this paper we report the protocol for the development and validation of a specific questionnaire, with details on the results of the process of item generation, domain selection, and the expert and patient rating phase. METHODS/DESIGN: Semi-structured interviews were completed by 45 patients with hereditary angioedema and 8 experts from 8 regions in Spain. A qualitative content analysis of the responses was carried out. Issues raised by respondents were grouped into categories. Content analysis identified 240 different responses, which were grouped into 10 conceptual domains. Sixty- four items were generated. A total of 8 experts and 16 patients assessed the items for clarity, relevance to the disease, and correct dimension assignment. The preliminary version of the specific health-related quality of life questionnaire for hereditary angioedema (HAE-QoL v 1.1) contained 44 items grouped into 9 domains. DISCUSSION: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multi-centre research project that aims to develop a specific health-related quality of life questionnaire for adult patients with hereditary angioedema due to C1 inhibitor deficiency. A preliminary version of the specific HAE-QoL questionnaire was obtained. The qualitative analysis of interviews together with the expert and patient rating phase helped to ensure content validity. A pilot study will be performed to assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaire and to decide on the final version

Evaluating competences in Physics through rubrics

El modelo educativo con enfoque en la formación de competencias, promovido a principios del siglo XXI y que ha tomado un papel muy importante en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en las instituciones educativas de todos los niveles educativos, establece que para el desarrollo armónico del ser humano la educación debe ser integral. La educación basada en competencias está orientada hacia la generación de capacidades en el educando y por ello, la evaluación debe centrarse en éstas, particularmente las que tienen que ver con habilidades para identificar, proyectar, resolver problemas y tomar decisiones. Las rúbricas de evaluación por competencias son una herramienta que permite obtener evidencia de la adquisición de éstas y aplicación del conocimiento fuera del aula. Esto supone un cambio en el escenario escolar, tanto para los profesores, así como también para los estudiantes, quienes deben asumir nuevas funciones, roles y tareas para lograr un aprendizaje basado en competencias genéricas y específicas. En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta de rúbricas para la evaluación por Competencias de Física en el ámbito universitario, específicamente, para evaluar el desarrollo de prácticas de laboratorio. Con este trabajo, se pretende introducir nuevos métodos de evaluación e identificar oportunidades para desarrollar capacidades y evaluar aprendizajes a través de indicadores de progreso. En esta primera fase del proyecto, se ha diseñado una práctica de laboratorio y en conjunto se ha elaborado la rúbrica de evaluación, aplicada a alumnos de Fundamentos Físicos de la Informática en el Grado de Ingeniería Informática de la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), situada en el campus universitario de Albacete.The educational model with focus on competency formation, promoted at the beginning of the XXI century and which has taken a very important role in the teaching-learning process in educational institutions of all educational levels, it establishes that for the development of the human being education must be integral. Competency-based education is oriented towards the generation of skills in the student, therefore, the evaluation should focus on these, particularly those that have to do with abilities to identify, project, solve problems and make decisions. The rubrics of competency evaluation are a tool that allows to obtain evidence of the acquisition of these and application of knowledge outside the classroom. This implies a change in the university’s scenario, both for the teachers, as well as for the students, who must assume new functions, roles and tasks to achieve a learning based on generic and specific competences. In this work a proposal of rubrics for the evaluation by Physics Competences in the university area is presented, specifically, to evaluate the development of laboratory practices. With this work, it is intended to introduce new assessment methods and identify opportunities to develop skills and evaluate learning through indicators of progress. In this first phase of the project, a laboratory practice has been designed and together the evaluation rubric has been developed, applied to students of Physical Foundations of Informatics in the Degree of Computer Engineering of the Higher Polytechnic School of the University of Castilla -La Mancha (UCLM), located on the university campus of Albacete

Supercritical fluid extraction of corn germ oil: Study of the influence of process parameters on the extraction yield and oil quality

The supercritical fluid extraction of corn germ oil has been studied in this work. Extractions were carried out at different pressure, temperature and flow rate to analyze the influence of these variables on the extraction kinetics and the oil quality obtained. Extraction curves are initially linear with a slope close to the oil solubility value in supercritical CO2. Based on these results a mathematical model was successfully applied to describe the extraction curves. Characterization of supercritical crude corn oil was performed by determining some physical parameters such as refraction index, density and color. Additionally, the fatty acid composition, neutral lipids, the content of tocopherols, acid index, peroxide value, antioxidant capacity and the oxidative stability were determined in the corn oil extracted. Fatty acid composition was compared with that for crude germ oil and no significant differences between the oils extracted by both methods were found. Oxidative stability test using the Rancimat showed that supercritical CO2 extracted corn oil is less protected against oxidation than n-hexane extracted oils