Innovación, evaluación y Universidad

Este libro es una invitación a reflexionar sobre la evaluación de los aprendizajes en la universidad. Fruto de la reflexión de los profesores que componen el claustro de educación en la UCAM surgen las Jornadas de Buenas Prácticas Docentes que esta edición se dedica a la innovación aplicada a la evaluación. Las buenas prácticas son las experiencias educativas en materia de evaluación desarrolladas en la UCAM en las diferentes titulaciones. El objetivo es intercambiar experiencias y difundir las actuaciones que se han realizado desde los diferentes grados universitarios en la UCAM, poner a disposición de la sociedad las experiencias más destacadas. Pensar la evaluación y sus buenas prácticas, es cuestionar estereotipos, modelos, formas de hacer, planteamientos, en conclusión, revisar el modo de hacer con el estudiante, con la sociedad y lo que el profesorado plantea.Educació

Role of reactive oxygen species on the activity of noble metal-doped TiO2 photocatalysts

Modified TiO2 catalysts are of interest in environmental water remediation since they can lead to efficient electron-hole separation and greatly enhance the photocatalytic properties of TiO2. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the superoxide radical (O2 −), hydroxyl radical ( OH), and positive valence band holes (h+VB), have been reported as the main oxidative species involved in photocatalytic degradation processes. In this work, the role of these species using TiO2, TiO2/Pt 0.5 wt%, and TiO2/Ag 10 wt% has been examined in order to clarify the oxidation pathways. For this purpose, the contribution of the main oxidative species was analyzed in the photocatalytic degradation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) solutions using specific scavengers (benzoquinone, tert-butyl alcohol, and formic acid). Moreover, the hydroxyl radicals were quantitatively determined in order better understand the results. Regardless of the catalyst used, it is concluded that OH radicals are the major reactive species responsible for DCA degradation and no significant degradation is due to O2 − radicals. Nevertheless, different OH generation pathways were found, depending on the nature of the catalysts. Degradation using TiO2 was conducted mainly via OH radicals generated in the positive holes, while noble metal-doped TiO2 catalysts generated OH radicals through the transformation of O2 − radicals.Financial support through projects CTM2015-69845-R and CTQ2015-66078-R (MINECO/FEDER, UE) is gratefully acknowledged. Paula Ribao thanks the University of Cantabria for her research grant. Juan Corredor would also like to thank the FPI postgraduate research grant (BES-2016-079201)

Products of groups and class sizes of pi-elements

[EN] We provide structural criteria for some finite factorised groups G = AB when the conjugacy class sizes in G of certain pi-elements in A boolean OR B are either pi-numbers or pi'-numbers, for a set of primes pi. In particular, we extend for products of groups some earlier resultsM. J. Felipe is supported by Proyecto Prometeo II/2015/011, Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). A. Martínez-Pastor is supported by Proyecto MTM 2014-54707-C3-1-P, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Spain), and by Proyecto Prometeo/2017/057, Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). The results in this paper are part of the V. M. Ortiz Sotomayor Ph.D. thesis, and he acknowledges the predoctoral grant ACIF/2016/170, Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). The authors are also supported by Proyecto PGC2018-096872-B-I00, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesFelipe Román, MJ.; Martínez-Pastor, A.; Ortiz-Sotomayor, VM. (2020). Products of groups and class sizes of pi-elements. Mediterranean Journal of Mathematics. 17(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-019-1444-5S120171Amberg, B., Franciosi, S., de Giovanni, F.: Products of Groups. Oxford University Press Inc., New York (1992)Ballester-Bolinches, A., Cossey, J., Li, Y.: Mutually permutable products and conjugacy classes. Monatsh. Math. 170, 305–310 (2013)Ballester-Bolinches, A., Esteban-Romero, R., Asaad, M.: Products of finite groups, vol. 53 of de Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, Berlin (2010)Beltrán, A., Felipe, M.J.: Prime powers as conjugacy class lengths of $$\pi$$-elements. Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. 69, 317–325 (2004)Beltrán, A., Felipe, M.J., Malle, G., Moretó, A., Navarro, G., Sanus, L., Solomon, R., Tiep, P.H.: Nilpotent and abelian Hall subgroups in finite groups. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 368, 2497–2513 (2016)Berkovich, Y., Kazarin, L.S.: Indices of elements and normal structure of finite groups. J. Algebra 283, 564–583 (2005)Doerk, K., Hawkes, T.: Finite Soluble Groups, vol. 4 of de Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, Berlin (1992)Dolfi, S.: Arithmetical conditions on the length of the conjugacy classes of a finite group. J. Algebra 174, 753–771 (1995)Dolfi, S., Pacifici, E., Sanus, L., Spiga, P.: On the orders of zeros of irreducible characters. J. Algebra 321, 345–352 (2009)Felipe, M.J., Martínez-Pastor, A., Ortiz-Sotomayor, V.M.: Prime power indices in factorised groups, Mediterr. J. Math. 14 (6) (2017), article: 225Felipe, M.J., Martínez-Pastor, A., Ortiz-Sotomayor, V.M.: Zeros of irreducible characters in factorised groups. Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 198, 129–142 (2019)Itô, N.: On finite groups with given conjugate types I. Nagoya Math. J. 6, 17–28 (1953)Navarro, G., Tiep, P.H.: Abelian Sylow subgroups in a finite group. J. Algebra 398, 519–526 (2014)Zhao, X.H., Guo, X.Y., Shi, J.Y.: On the conjugacy class sizes of prime power order $$\pi$$-elements. South. Asian Bull. Math. 35, 735–740 (2011

Unravelling the mechanisms that drive the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production

The increasing interest and applications of photocatalysis, namely hydrogen production, artificial photosynthesis, and water remediation and disinfection, still face several drawbacks that prevent this technology from being fully implemented at the industrial level. The need to improve the performance of photocatalytic processes and extend their potential working under visible light has boosted the synthesis of new and more efficient semiconductor materials. Thus far, semiconductor–semiconductor heterojunction is the most remarkable alternative. Not only are the characteristics of the new materials relevant to the process performance, but also a deep understanding of the charge transfer mechanisms and the relationship with the process variables and nature of the semiconductors. However, there are several different charge transfer mechanisms responsible for the activity of the composites regardless the synthesis materials. In fact, different mechanisms can be carried out for the same junction. Focusing primarily on the photocatalytic generation of hydrogen, the objective of this review is to unravel the charge transfer mechanisms after the in-depth analyses of already reported literature and establish the guidelines for future research.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (grant numbers RTI2018-099407-B-I00 and RTI2018-093310-B-I00 MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE)

Development of a control system for teleoperated robots using UML nd Ada 95

In this paper, a control system in the domain of teleoperated service robots is presented. A reference architecture - ACROSET - has been analyzed and designed following a concurrent object modeling and architectural design methodology (COMET) that uses UML as describing language. The architecture of the whole system has been implemented in a ship’s hull blasting robot - GOYA –using Ada 95 and GLADE. Our previous experience in developing teleoperated service robots using Ada is also presente

Photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using a composite TiO2 -rGO catalyst

The inherent resistance of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) to biological degradation makes necessary to develop advanced technologies for the abatement of this group of hazardous substances. The present work investigated the photocatalytic decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using a composite catalyst based on TiO2 and reduced graphene oxide (95% TiO2/5% rGO) that was synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. The efficient photoactivity of the TiO2-rGO (0.1 g L-1) composite was confirmed for PFOA (0.24 mmol L-1) degradation that reached 93 ± 7% after 12 h of UV-vis irradiation using a medium pressure mercury lamp, a great improvement compared to the TiO2 photocatalysis (24 ± 11% PFOA removal) and direct photolysis (58 ± 9%). These findings indicate that rGO provided the suited properties of TiO2-rGO, possibly as a result of acting as electron acceptor and avoiding the high recombination electron/hole pairs. The release of fluoride and the formation of shorter-chain perfluorocarboxilyc acids, that were progressively eliminated in a good match with the analysed reduction of total organic carbon, is consistent with a step-by-step PFOA decomposition via photogenerated hydroxyl radicals. Finally, the apparent first order rate constants of the TiO2-rGO UV-vis PFOA decompositions, and the intermediate perfluorcarboxylic acids were found to increase as the length of the carbon chain was shorter.Financial support from projects CTM2013-44081-R, CTM2015-69845-R and CTM2016-75509-R (MINECO, SPAIN-FEDER 2014–2020) is acknowledged. B. Gomez thanks the FPI scholarship (BES-2014-071045)

Comprehensive kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of emerging pollutants in a led-assisted photoreactor. S-metolachlor as case study

Although the potential and beneficial characteristics of photocatalysis in the degradation of a good number of emerging pollutants have been widely studied and demonstrated, process design and scale-up are restrained by the lack of comprehensive models that correctly describe the performance of photocatalytic reactors. Together with the kinetics of degradation reactions, the distribution of the radiation field in heterogeneous photocatalytic systems is essential to the optimum design of the technology. Both the Local Volumetric Rate of Photon Absorption (LVRPA) and the Overall Volumetric Rate of Photon Absorption (OVRPA) help to understand this purpose. This work develops a Six-lux radiation absorption-scattering model coupled to the Henyey-Greenstein scattering phase function to evaluate the LVRPA profile in a LED-assisted photocatalytic reactor. Moreover, the OVRPA has been calculated and integrated into the kinetic equation, accounting for the influence of the radiation distribution on the reaction rate. The model has been validated with experimental data for the degradation of S-Metolachlor (MTLC), and the set of operating variables that maximize the reactor performance, 0.5 g/L of TiO2 P25 and pH 3, has been determined.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Grant Numbers: RTI2018-099407-B-I00 and RTI2018-093310-B-I00) (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE)

A study on the reproducibility of cephalometric landmarks when undertaking a three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analysis

Objectives: Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (CBCT) allows the possibility of modifying some of the diagnostic tools used in orthodontics, such as cephalometry. The first step must be to study the characteristics of these devices in terms of accuracy and reliability of the most commonly used landmarks. The aims were 1- To assess intra and inter-observer reliability in the location of anatomical landmarks belonging to hard tissues of the skull in images taken with a CBCT device, 2- To determine which of those landmarks are more vs. less reliable and 3- To introduce planes of reference so as to create cephalometric analyses appropriated to the 3D reality. Study design: Fifteen patients who had a CBCT (i-CAT®) as a diagnostic register were selected. To assess the reproducibility on landmark location and the differences in the measurements of two observers at different times, 41 landmarks were defined on the three spatial axes (X,Y,Z) and located. 3.690 measurements were taken and, as each determination has 3 coordinates, 11.070 data were processed with SPSS® statistical package. To discover the reproducibility of the method on landmark location, an ANOVA was undertaken using two variation factors: time (t1, t2 and t3) and observer (Ob1 and Ob2) for each axis (X, Y and Z) and landmark. The order of the CBCT scans submitted to the observers (Ob1, Ob2) at t1, t2, and t3, were different and randomly allocated. Multiple comparisons were undertaken using the Bonferroni test. The intra- and inter-examiner ICC ?s were calculated. Results: Intra- and inter-examiner reliability was high, both being ICC ? 0.99, with the best frequency on axis Z. Conclusions: The most reliable landmarks were: Nasion, Sella, Basion, left Porion, point A, anterior nasal spine, Pogonion, Gnathion, Menton, frontozygomatic sutures, first lower molars and upper and lower incisors. Those with less reliability were the supraorbitals, right zygion and posterior nasal spine

Plan de potencialización turística del cantón Milagro

El Plan de Potencialización Turística del cantón Milagro, demuestra un diagnóstico del sistema turístico del cantón, bajo el cual se determinan estrategias para desarrollar y posicionar turísticamente a Milagro como un destino reconocido. En el primer capítulo, se encuentran aspectos en los que el Turismo avala su poder como alternativa de crecimiento económico en todos los ámbitos nacionales o internacionales, confirmando además su fuerza para generar mejor calidad de vida, a través de iniciativas micro o macro empresariales y/o comunitarias. En el segundo capítulo, se han destacado generalidades del cantón, resaltando aspectos geográficos, políticos y administrativos, contenido demográfico y conectividad

Performance of rGO/TiO2 photocatalytic membranes for hydrogen production

Although there are promising environmental and energy characteristics for the photocatalytic production of hydrogen, two main drawbacks must be overcome before the large- scale deployment of the technology becomes a reality, (i) the low efficiency reported by state of the art photocatalysts and, (ii) the short life time and difficult recovery of the photocatalyst, issues that need research and development for new high performance catalysts. In this work 2% rGO/TiO2 composite photocatalysts were supported over Nafion membranes and the performance of the photocatalytic membrane was tested for hydrogen production from a 20% vol. methanol solution. Immobilization of the composite on Nafion membranes followed three different simple methods which preserve the photocatalyst structure: solvent-casting (SC), spraying (SP), and dip-coating (DP). The photocatalyst was included in the matrix membrane using the SC method, while it was located on the membrane surface in the SP and DP membranes showing less mass transfer limitations. The performance of the synthesized photocatalytic membranes for hydrogen production under UVA light irradiation was compared. Leaching of the catalytic membranes was tested by measuring the turbidity of the solution. With respect to catalyst leaching, both the SC and SP membranes provided very good results, the leaching being lower with the SC membrane. The best results in terms of initial hydrogen production rate (HPR) were obtained with the SP and DP membrane. The SP was selected as the most suitable method for photocatalytic hydrogen production due to the high HPR and the negligible photocatalyst leaching. Moreover, the stability of this membrane was studied for longer operation times. This work helps to improve the knowledge on the application of photocatalytic membranes for hydrogen production and contributes in facilitating the large-scale application of this process.This research was funded by MCIU/AEI/FEDER UE (RTI2018-099407-B-I00, RTI2018-093310-B-I00 and RTC2019-006820-5)