25 research outputs found
Enfermedades periodontales necrotizantes II: Aspectos clínicos
This article presents a review of the most important aspects from necrotizing periodontal disease, specia-lly about clinical features, diagnostics, etiology, evolution, prognose and treatment.Se presenta una revisión de las enfermedades periodontales necrotizantes (EPN), sintetizando los aspec-tos clínicos, criterios de diagnóstico, etiología, evolución, diagnóstico diferencial, pronóstico y trata-miento
Black pigmented bacteria in the wall of the periodontal pocket at the beginning and end of the periodontal therapy
Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de bacterias negro pigmentadas (BNP) en bolsas periodontales, antes y después de un tratamiento periodontal. Materiales y método: El tipo de estudio es descriptivo. Tiene una muestra de 10 áreas, de 10 pacientes, en la que se identificaron bolsas periodontales. Se tomaron muestras en conos de papel, que luego fueron cultivados en el medio de agar sangre con hemina y vitamina K, incubados. Posteriormente se identificó y contabilizó las co-lonias negro pigmentadas, antes y después del tratamiento periodontal. Resultados: De las muestras examinadas antes del tratamiento, se pudo recuperar BNP en un 60 % de muestras cultivadas, con un rango de presencia de 16 a 312 UFC. De las muestras obtenidas después del tratamiento periodontal, se pudo recuperar en un 50 % de ellas, con un rango de presencia de 5 a 70 UFC. El análisis estadístico demuestra la diferencia significativa de las unidades formadoras de colonias, antes y después de la terapia periodontal. Conclusiones: Se demuestra la presencia de BNP en bolsas periodontales y que estas redu-cen su número, posterior a la terapia periodontal.Objective: Determine the presence of black pigmented bacteria (BNP) in periodontal pockets before and after periodontal treatment. Materials and method: The type of study is descriptive which has a sample of 10 areas, ten patients in which periodontal pockets were identified, samples were taken with paper cones, which were then cultured in blood agar medium with hemin and vitamin K, incubated. Subsequently he identified and counted the black pigmented colonies before and after periodontal treatment. Results: Of the first samples examined before treatment could be recovered BNP 60 % of cultured samples with a range of presence of 16-312 CFU and samples obtained after periodontal treat-ment could be recovered in 50 % of them , with a range of 5 to 70 presence UFC, and this is confirmed by statistical analysis. Conclusions: It is concluded that BNP is present in periodontal pockets and that they reduce their presence, after periodontal therapy
POR UNA CULTURA DE PAZ: UNA MIRADA DESDE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA CONDUCTA
En
virtud
de
lo
anterior,
los
estudiosos
de
las
ciencias
de
la
conducta
de
la
Universidad
Autónoma
del
Estado
de
México,
ante
la
persistencia
y
proliferación
de
estos
hechos
en
diversas
partes
del
Mundo
y
de
nuestro
país
en
particular, se
convocó
a
los
estudiosos
interesados
y
a
la
sociedad
en
general
a
presentar
trabajos
para
analizar,
debatir
y
proponer
estrategias
de
acción
y
dirección,
que
fortalezcan
una
convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz.
El
presente
texto
es
producto
de
esta convocatoria
que
recoge
los
trabajos
de
los
interesados
en
la
temática,
de
diferentes
países
(España,
Argentina,
Cuba,
Brasil,
Costa
Rica
y
México)
retomando
con
ello
sus
experiencias
relativas
al
estudio,
análisis,
comprensión
e
instrumentación
de
la
cultura
de
paz
en
los
distintos
ámbitos
institucionales
en
los
que
participan:
educativo,
salud,
penitenciario,
social,
laboral,
familia,
alimentario,
psicológico,
por
mencionar
algunos.
El
presente
libro,
propicia
un
espacio
de
reflexión,
diálogo
y
posicionamiento
de
las
ciencias
de
la
conducta
para
la
apropiación,
análisis,
debate
y
propuestas
que
fortalezcan
una
cultura
de
paz
a
través
de
la
convivencia
y
el
bienestar
social
con
sentido
humanista.
El
sistema
económico
neoliberal
y
el
proceso
de
globalización
han
contribuido
al
logro
de
avances
significativos
en
la
ciencia
y
la
tecnología,
pero
también
han
propiciado
la
polarización
de
las
sociedades
lo
que
ha
impactado
de
manera
negativa
a
la
sociedad
en
su
conjunto,
pero
en
mayor
medida
a
los grupos
vulnerables. Dicha
polarización
ha
traído
consigo
un
desarrollo
desigual
del
mundo
que
se
expresa
de
diferentes
maneras
tanto
en
países
desarrollados
como
en
los
llamados
del
tercer
mundo,
en
donde
no
están
satisfechas
las
necesidades
humanas
elementales
de
todos
los
sectores
de
la
población,
siempre
falta
algo.
Si
a
esto
le
sumamos
los
conflictos
internacionales por
diferentes
motivos
que
enfrentan
algunas
naciones,
una
insuficiente
cobertura
educativa
y
de
salud,
desempleo
y
pobreza
extrema,
entre
otras
cosas;
estamos
frente
a
retos
de
gran
envergadura
para
los
gobiernos,
para
los
estudiosos
y
para
la
sociedad
civil
en
general. Uno
de
los
intentos
para
frenar
y prevenir
la
agudización
de
estas
problemáticas
es
la
cultura
de
paz,
cuyo
estudio
y propuestas
han
ido
avanzando
en
diferentes
sentidos
y
de
manera
favorable,
el
tema
está
presente
en
diferentes
Organismos
Internacionales
como
la
ONU,
la
UNESCO,
la
OCDE,
El
Banco
Mundial,
entre
otros.
Pero
falta
mucho
por
hacer.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic
una mirada desde las Ciencias de la Conducta
Este libro es el resultado de los trabajos presentados en el 1er Congreso Internacional "Convivencia y bienestar con sentido humanista para una cultura de paz"
Cribado de la retinopatía diabética mediante teleoftalmología en una zona básica de salud rural
Resumen: Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de retinopatía diabética en una zona básica de salud rural, clasificándola según tipo y grado de severidad y conocer su relación con la presencia de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular y con el sexo. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal o de prevalencia. Emplazamiento: Zona básica de salud rural en España. Nivel de atención primaria. Participantes: Quinientos pacientes diabéticos mayores de 18 años. Mediciones principales: Estudio de la retina mediante retinografía bajo midriasis, según protocolo de la Joslin Vision Network, incorporando un centro de lectura para diagnóstico. Correlación de la existencia y gravedad de la retinopatía con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular –tabaquismo, hipertensión e hiperlipemia– y las características de la diabetes –tipo, tiempo de evolución, tratamiento, control metabólico y función renal– Resultados: Prevalencia encontrada del 16,4%, sin diferencias significativas entre sexos. Las variables tabaquismo e hipertensión estaban relacionadas con la existencia de retinopatía y la variable años de evolución de la diabetes con su existencia y su gravedad. El 9,6% de las personas afectadas fueron derivadas a oftalmología con carácter preferente, por retinopatía amenazante para la visión y el 6,8% de las personas estudiadas fueron derivadas por otras patologías oftalmológicas. Conclusiones: Es posible el seguimiento oftalmológico del 82% de la población diabética en atención primaria, implicando a sus profesionales y trabajando en equipo con el servicio de oftalmología. Es fundamental considerar esta enfermedad en el contexto global de la persona con diabetes, relacionándola con las otras complicaciones microvasculares y la enfermedad cardiovascular. Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in a rural health basic area, and to establish the type, the severity degree and the relationship with sex and with another cardiovascular risk factors. Design: Cross-sectional or prevalence descriptive study. Location: Rural health basic area in Spain. Primary health care level. Participants: 500 patients over 18 years old with diabetes. Main measurements: Study of the retina through retinography under mydriasis, according to the Joslin Vision Network protocol, with the incorporation of a diagnostic reading center. Correlation of the existence and severity of the retinopathy with the cardiovascular risk factors –smoking, hypertension and hyperlipidemia– and the characteristics of the diabetes –type, evolution time, treatment, metabolic control and renal function–. Results: The findings showed a 16.4% prevalence, with no significant differences between both sexes. The variables smoking and high blood pressure were related to the existence of retinopathy, and the variable years of diabetes evolution was correlated to both the existence and the severity of the retinopathy. In the study, 9.6% of the affected people were preferentially referred to the ophthalmologists because of sight-threatening retinopathy, and 6.8% of the people studied were referred due to other ophthalmological pathologies. Conclusions: It is possible to do the ophthalmological follow-up of 82% of the population with diabetes in primary health care, involving its professionals and team-working with the ophthalmologists. It is paramount to consider diabetic retinopathy within the global context of the person with diabetes, relating diabetic retinopathy with the other microvascular complications and cardiovascular diseases
DOLAMA study. Effectiveness, safety and pharmacoeconoSequera, Sergio mic analysis of dual therapy with dolutegravir and lamivudine in virologically suppressed HIV-1 patients
Dolutegravir (DTG) has shown effectiveness in combination with rilpivirine in with experience of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and with 3TC in naïve patients (GEMINI trial). The main objectives of this real-life study were to analyze the effectiveness and safety of 3TC plus DTG in virologically suppressed HIV-1 patients and to conduct a pharmacoeconomic analysis.
We conducted an observational, retrospective and multicenter study of HIV+ patients pretreated for at least 6 months with ART that was then simplified to 3TC + DTG for any reason. We gathered data on viral loads (VLs) during exposure to the DT, calculating the rate with VL < 50 copies/mL at week 48, and on associated adverse effects.
The 177 HIV+ patients were collected, 77.4% male, with average age of 48.5 years and mean count of 252.2cell/μL CD4+ nadir lymphocytes; 96.6% had VL < 50 copies/mL and 674 cells/μL CD4+ lymphocytes. Median time since HIV diagnosis was 15 years, and median ART duration was 13 years, and 34.5% of patients were on mono- or dual-therapy before the switch. At week 48, 82.4% of patients had VL < 50 cop/μL using an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 89.6% according to mITT, and 96.7% according to Per-Protocol analysis. 3.3% patients had virological failure (VF). These effectiveness data and costs were compared with those for 2 reference triple therapies (DTG/ABC/3TC and EVG/cobi/FTC/TAF) in a cost minimization analysis, showing cost savings with administration of DTG+3TC (2741 €/year vs DTG/ABC/3TC and 4164 €/year vs EVG/cobi/FTC/TAF) and in a cost-effectiveness analysis, finding the DT to be the most cost-effective approach (ICER = −548 vs DTG/ABC/3TC and ICER = −4,627€ vs EVG/cobi/FTC/TAF)
The combination of 3TC with DTG appears to be a safe and effective option for the simplification of ART in pretreated and virologically stable HIV-positive patients, being cost-effective and offering the same effectiveness as the triple therapy it replaces
Calcitriol-Mediated Hypercalcemia, Somatostatin Receptors Expression and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1α- Hydroxylase in GIST Tumors.
Hypercalcemia is a common complication in cancer patients Mainly caused by Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) secretion and metastasis. Calcitriol secretion is a rare source of hypercalcemia in solid tumors, especially in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). We present a case report of a female patient with a 23 cm gastric GIST that expressed somatostatin-receptors and presented with severe hypercalcemia due to calcitriol secretion. Calcium control was achieved with medical treatment before the use of targeted-directed therapies. Surgery was performed and allowed complete tumor resection. Two years later, patient remains free of disease. Molecular analysis revealed the mRNA expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1-hydroxylase (1αOHase) and vitamin-D receptors in the tumor cells, confirming the calcitriol-mediated mechanism. Furthermore, the expression of the endotoxin recognition factors CD14 and TLR4 suggests an inflammatory mediated mechanism. Finally, the expression of somatostatin-receptors, especially SST2 might have been related with clinical evolution and prognosis in this patient
Liver Toxicity of Current Antiretroviral Regimens in HIV-Infected Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis in a Real-Life Setting: The HEPAVIR SEG-HEP Cohort.
Journal Article;OBJECTIVE
To assess the current frequency of ART-associated grade 3-4 transaminase elevations (TE) and grade 4 total bilirubin elevations (TBE) in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B and/or C, who start a new regimen of ART.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 192 pre-treated or treatment-naive HIV infected patients with HBV and/or HCV-coinfection who started ART in eight Southern Spanish centers from July/2011-December/2013, were followed for 12 months in this prospective study.
RESULTS
Forty-one (21.4%) subjects had been naïve to ART, median (IQR) follow-up was 11.6 (5.6-12.9) months. The most frequently initiated NRTI were tenofovir/emtricitabine [49 patients (25.5%)]. Eighty-nine (46.4%) patients started a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor and 77 (40.1%) individuals a NNRTI. Raltegravir and maraviroc were initiated in 24 (12.5%) and 9 (4.7%) individuals. Ten [5.21%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.53%-9.37%] patients presented grade 3 TE, while 8 (4.17%; 95%CI: 1.82%-8.04%) subjects showed grade 4 TBE. No episodes of grade 4 TE or ART discontinuation due to hepatotoxic events were observed. The use of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir was the only independent predictor for grade 4 TBE [adjusted odds ratio: 7.327 (95%CI: 1.417-37.89); p = 0.018] in an analysis adjusted for age, sex and baseline HIV-RNA levels, while no factor could be independently associated with grade 3-4 TE.
CONCLUSIONS
Currently, the frequency of severe ART-associated TE and TBE under real-life conditions in patients with chronic viral hepatitis is similar to what has been reported previously. However, episodes of grade 4 TE are less frequent and severe TE appears to be of lesser concern.This work was supported by the Red de Investigación en SIDA (ISCIII-RETIC RD06/006 and ISCIII-RETIC RD12/0017), the Ministerio de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales (grant number EC11-303) and the Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (grant number AC-0095-2013). KN is the recipient of a Miguel Servet research grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant number CP13/00187). A.R.-J. is the recipient of a post-doctoral extension grant of he Fundación Progreso y Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (grant number RH-0024-2013). JAP is the recipient of an intensification grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant number Programa-I3SNS]Ye
Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with grade 3 or 4 transaminase elevations (TE) and grade 4 total bilirubin elevations (TBE).
<p>Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with grade 3 or 4 transaminase elevations (TE) and grade 4 total bilirubin elevations (TBE).</p