The Main Challenges to 21st-century Business Administration: The Management of People and Knowledge. The ner Group case

This article presents and analyses the main challenges facing business organisations today: the management of people and knowledge, derived from the great transformations caused by the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions. A new management model, developed in the Basque Country, and the new style of relationships (ner, using its name form in Spanish – ‘nuevo estilo de relaciones’), shared by organisations of the ner Group, are presented and the main results of a study on their cultural features are demonstrated, as perceived by the people who work with this concept. Ner is based on people (the basic pillars of an organisation) who, with communication and information, are organised in self-managed groups and share a future project with trust, freedom and responsibility. They develop an important internal solidarity (the sharing of results, not dismissals) and they dedicate budget and working hours to their commitment to society

Involvement, consistency and adaptability in the new style of relations (ner). The experience of ner Group in the Basque Country

[ES] Este artículo analiza la percepción que tienen las personas de las organizaciones de ner Group ubicadas en el País Vasco, de las características culturales del nuevo estilo de relaciones (ner), desarrollado por Koldo Saratxaga durante su exitosa dirección en Irizar Group. El ner, una innovación en cultura y gestión organizacional, una respuesta a los retos planteados por las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y la sociedad del conocimiento, se basa en las personas, pilares básicos de las organizaciones, quienes trabajan en equipos autogestionados con responsabilidad, confianza y libertad para alcanzar la satisfacción del cliente. El compromiso de las personas con sus organizaciones se potencia mediante la solidaridad interna, expresada en la reducción de las diferencias salariales, el reparto de resultados, y la seguridad en el empleo ante situaciones de crisis, garantizada por las reubicaciones entre organizaciones del grupo. El estudio empírico desarrollado, para el que se ha diseñado un cuestionario específico, permite concluir que la gran mayoría de las personas manifiesta un alto grado de Implicación, considera que el ner facilita orientar la actividad hacia la satisfacción del cliente, perciben la Consistencia existente, facilitadora de relaciones de igualdad en un entorno de confianza mutua, y otorgan altas puntuaciones a la Adaptabilidad, interna (compromiso con la solidaridad interna) y externa (compromiso con el entorno social).[EN] This paper analyses the perception the people working at the organizations of ner Group in the Basque Country have of the cultural features of the new style of relationships (ner), created by Koldo Saratxaga during his successful running of Irizar Group. The ner, an innovation in culture and management, an answer to the challenges placed by the Technologies of Information and Communication and the Knowledge Society, is based on persons, basic pillars of the organizations; persons who work in self-managed teams with responsibility, confidence and freedom to reach customers satisfaction. The commitment and integration of persons with the organization they work for are strengthened by implementing internal solidarity based on the reduction of the wage differences, the profit sharing and the employment security in case of crisis, using then the relocations between organizations of ner Group. The developed empirical research, once designed an specific questionnaire, allows us to conclude that the majority of the people declare a high level of Involvement, consider the ner an organizational and management tool which makes directing activity to reach customer satisfaction feasible, they perceive the existing Consistency and voice that this makes possible relationships based on mutual trust and they judge positively the existing Adaptability, portrayed by commitment to the internal solidarity and to society and community

Nuevos recursos didácticos en Prehistoria y Arqueología a través de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación

Este proyecto desarrolla herramientas de contenido didáctico relacionadas con el Departamento de Prehistoria. El Grado de Arqueología que imparte su profesorado facilita métodos pedagógicos de calidad y otras metodologías multimedia

Natural History of MYH7-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Variants in myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) are responsible for disease in 1% to 5% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, the clinical characteristics and natural history of MYH7-related DCM are poorly described. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the phenotype and prognosis of MYH7-related DCM. We also evaluated the influence of variant location on phenotypic expression. METHODS We studied clinical data from 147 individuals with DCM-causing MYH7 variants (47.6% female; 35.6 +/- 19.2 years) recruited from 29 international centers. RESULTS At initial evaluation, 106 (72.1%) patients had DCM (left ventricular ejection fraction: 34.5% +/- 11.7%). Median follow-up was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.7-8.0 years), and 23.7% of carriers who were initially phenotype-negative developed DCM. Phenotypic expression by 40 and 60 years was 46% and 88%, respectively, with 18 patients (16%) first diagnosed at <18 years of age. Thirty-six percent of patients with DCM met imaging criteria for LV noncompaction. During follow-up, 28% showed left ventricular reverse remodeling. Incidence of adverse cardiac events among patients with DCM at 5 years was 11.6%, with 5 (4.6%) deaths caused by end-stage heart failure (ESHF) and 5 patients (4.6%) requiring heart transplantation. The major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.0% and 2.1% at 5 years in patients with DCM and in those with LVEF of <= 35%, respectively). ESHF and major ventricular arrhythmia were significantly lower compared with LMNA-related DCM and similar to DCM caused by TTN truncating variants. CONCLUSIONS MYH7-related DCM is characterized by early age of onset, high phenotypic expression, low left ventricular reverse remodeling, and frequent progression to ESHF. Heart failure complications predominate over ventricular arrhythmias, which are rare. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p &lt; 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Time to Switch to Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Europe and Thailand.

Background: Data on durability of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are limited. We assessed time to switch to second-line therapy in 16 European countries and Thailand. Methods: Children aged <18 years initiating combination ART (≥2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors [NRTIs] plus nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI] or boosted protease inhibitor [PI]) were included. Switch to second-line was defined as (i) change across drug class (PI to NNRTI or vice versa) or within PI class plus change of ≥1 NRTI; (ii) change from single to dual PI; or (iii) addition of a new drug class. Cumulative incidence of switch was calculated with death and loss to follow-up as competing risks. Results: Of 3668 children included, median age at ART initiation was 6.1 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.7-10.5) years. Initial regimens were 32% PI based, 34% nevirapine (NVP) based, and 33% efavirenz based. Median duration of follow-up was 5.4 (IQR, 2.9-8.3) years. Cumulative incidence of switch at 5 years was 21% (95% confidence interval, 20%-23%), with significant regional variations. Median time to switch was 30 (IQR, 16-58) months; two-thirds of switches were related to treatment failure. In multivariable analysis, older age, severe immunosuppression and higher viral load (VL) at ART start, and NVP-based initial regimens were associated with increased risk of switch. Conclusions: One in 5 children switched to a second-line regimen by 5 years of ART, with two-thirds failure related. Advanced HIV, older age, and NVP-based regimens were associated with increased risk of switch

NOVO ESTILO DE RELACIÓNS NA SOCIEDADE DO COÑECEMENTO. A XESTIÓN CONFLITOS NAS ORGANIZACIÓNS DO NER GROUP NO PAÍS VASCODE

Este artigo presenta o novo estilo de relacións (NER), modelo desenvolvido einsittuído no País Vasco co fin de xestionar axeitadamente ás persoas e o seu coñecementoe enfrontar os retos empresariais do século XXI, e estuda a xestión de conflitos nasorganizacións do NER Group. Os principais resultados do traballo empírico desenvolvidopara analizar as características culturais do NER, a percepción das mesmas por parte daspersoas que traballan con el, amosan que a responsabilidade, o compromiso e a confianzason percibidos como elementos fundamentais para a xestión de conflitos nasorganizacións, e constitúen un dos sinais de identidade do NER.This article presents the new style of relations (NER), a model developed inthe Basque Country to suitably manage people and their knowledge in order to face themanagement challenges for the 21st century, and studies conflict management at theorganizations of the NER Group.The main results of the empirical work developed for analyzing the NER’s culturalfeatures, as they are perceived by the people who work with it, show that responsibility,commitment and confidence are perceived as fundamental elements for conflictmanagement at the organizations and it is one of the NER’s hallmarks