Bioterrorism and public health

EditorialS

Event-Based Regression with Spiking Networks

Spiking Neuron Networks (SNNs), also known as the third generation of neural networks, are inspired from natural computing in the brain and recent advances in neuroscience. SNNs can overcome the computational power of neural networks made of threshold or sigmoidal units. Recent advances on event-based devices along with their great power, considering the time factor, make SNNs a cutting-edge priority research objective. SNNs have been used mainly for classification problems, but their application to regression tasks remains challenging due to the complexity of training with continuous output data. In the literature we can find some first approximations in regression, specifically, for problems of a single variable of continuous values. This work deals with the analysis of the behavior of SNNs as predictors of multivariable continuous values. For this, a data set based on events has been generated from a bouncing ball and an event-based camera. The goal is to predict the next position of the ball over time

SpikeBALL: Neuromorphic Dataset for Object Tracking

Most of widely used datasets are not suitable for Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) due to the need to encode the static data into spike trains and then put them into the network. In addition, the majority of these datasets have been generated to classify objects and can not be used to solve object tracking problems. Therefore, we propose a new neuromorphic dataset, SpikeBALL, for object tracking that contributes to improve the development of the SNN algorithm for these type of problems

Recursos asistenciales y de investigación en enfermedades raras ubicados en la Comunidad de Madrid

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar y poner al servicios de las administraciones sanitarias y también de los ciudadanos, un informe sobre los centros y unidades asistenciales y de investigación existentes en la Comunidad de Madrid (CM), que pudieran ser de utilidad para la planifi cación de los recursos orientados al control y seguimiento de las personas con enfermedades raras en el ámbito de esta comunidad

Autism Spectrum Disorders in the European Union (ASDEU)

The improving support services for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families in Europe requires knowledge of their epidemiological status, as well as the identification of the most effective experiences and procedures for detection, diagnosis, treatment and support that are most valued by the recipients of these services. The project "Autism Spectrum Disorder in the European Union" (ASDEU) has promoted between 2014 and 2018 a set of research strategies that have allowed the application of a public health model to ASD focused on prevalence estimation methods, early detection programs and the improvement of diagnosis and early intervention. This article presents a summary of the results obtained, as well as the main conclusions. It highlights the need to set up a comprehensive system based on ASD population registries, which provides a systematic information about the ASD prevalence in Europe; likewise, the article proposes to strengthen detection strategies to make it more systematic at a population level; to improve diagnostic processes so that they are faster, include information on the support needs of the person and incorporate families; and to promote early intervention with greater participation of families and linkage to the child's regular setting.La mejora de los servicios de apoyo para las personas con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y a sus familias en Europa requiere conocer su realidad epidemiológica, así como identificar las experiencias y procedimientos para la detección, diagnóstico, tratamiento y apoyo más eficaces y mejor valorados por los receptores de estos servicios. El proyecto "El Trastorno del Espectro Autista en la Unión Europea" (ASDEU) ha impulsado entre 2014 y 2018 un conjunto de estrategias de investigación que han permitido aplicar un modelo de salud pública sobre los TEA centrado en los métodos de estimación de la prevalencia, los programas de detección precoz y la mejora del diagnóstico y la intervención temprana. En este artículo se presenta un resumen de los resultados obtenidos, así como de las conclusiones principales. Se destaca la necesidad de contar con un sistema fiable de medición de la prevalencia de los TEA en la Unión Europea, siendo la versión metodológica más eficiente la basada en registros de TEA de base poblacional; así mismo se propone fortalecer las estrategias de detección para hacerla más sistemática a nivel poblacional; mejorar los procesos de diagnóstico para que sean más rápidos, incluyan información sobre las necesidades de apoyo de la persona e incorporen a las familias; y potenciar la intervención temprana con mayor participación de las familias y vinculación al entorno habitual del menor

Impact of rare diseases in oral health

Rare diseases (RD) are those that present a lower prevalence than 5 cases per 10.000 population. The main objective of this review was to study the effect on oral health in rare diseases, while the secondary objective of the study is theme upgrade. Comparative observational case-control studies were analysed and a systematic review was conducted in PubMed. Each rare disease listed on the statistical data record of the Health Portal of the Ministry of Equality, Health and Social Policies Board of Andalusia was associated with ?oral health?. The variables studied included dental, oral mucosa and occlusion alterations, oral pathologies (caries, periodontal disease) and other alterations (mouth breathing, parafunctional habits, etc). A bias analysis of the variable caries was conducted. Six RD were selected through our inclusion and exclusion criteria (hypogammaglobulinemia, Rett syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, cystic fibrosis and Cri du chat syndrome) in a total of 8 publications, of which four trials were classified as high risk of bias and one of them as medium risk. There were not trials with low risk of bias. The main statistically significant differences found by Syndrome compared to a control group were in Hypogammaglobulinemia with a greater tendency to enamel hypoplasia and dry mouth. The Rett syndrome had, as well, a greater tendency to an anterior open bite, ogival palate, bruxism, mouth breathing and tongue thrusting. Prader-Willi syndrome had a tendency of dental erosion, and Cri du chat syndrome showed a higher association to Tannerella forsythia

The EPIRARE proposal of a set of indicators and common data elements for the European platform for rare disease registration

BACKGROUND: The European Union acknowledges the relevance of registries as key instruments for developing rare disease (RD) clinical research, improving patient care and health service (HS) planning and funded the EPIRARE project to improve standardization and data comparability among patient registries and to support new registries and data collections. METHODS: A reference list of patient registry-based indicators has been prepared building on the work of previous EU projects and on the platform stakeholders' information needs resulting from the EPIRARE surveys and consultations. The variables necessary to compute these indicators have been analysed for their scope and use and then organized in data domains. RESULTS: The reference indicators span from disease surveillance, to socio-economic burden, HS monitoring, research and product development, policy equity and effectiveness. The variables necessary to compute these reference indicators have been selected and, with the exception of more sophisticated indicators for research and clinical care quality, they can be collected as data elements common (CDE) to all rare diseases. They have been organized in data domains characterized by their contents and main goal and a limited set of mandatory data elements has been defined, which allows case notification independently of the physician or the health service. CONCLUSIONS: The definition of a set of CDE for the European platform for RD patient registration is the first step in the promotion of the use of common tools for the collection of comparable data. The proposed organization of the CDE contributes to the completeness of case ascertainment, with the possible involvement of patients and patient associations in the registration process.This work is part of the activities of the project titled “Building Consensus and synergies for the EU Registration of Rare Disease Patients” (EPIRARE), funded by the European Commission within the framework of the Health Project, Work Plan 2010 (Grant n. 20101202).S

Capítulos remitidos a la Provincia de Alava por el Exmo. Señor Príncipe de la Paz en 16 de octubre de 1803 [Manuscrito]

Ms.Documento sin fecha, en que se copian documentos de 1803 y 180

En circunstancias ménos arriesgadas que las presentes han procurado los vasallos leales auxiliar a sus soberanos con dones y recursos anticipados ... El Reyno de Andalucia ... la provincia de Extremadura ... ¿verán con paciencia que la Caballería del rey de España esté reducida é incompleta por falta de Caballos? ...

Título tomado del comienzo del textoEl nombre del autor consta al final del textoTextos suscrito en San Lorenzo el Real a 5 de octubre de 180

Con motivo de haber incluido en el sorteo de milicias á D. Antonio Navarro, administrador de la Renta de la loteria ... de la Villa del Carpio y de lo expuesto á S.A. Serenísima el Señor Príncipe de la Paz ... se ha servido resolver dicho superior Gefe ... que asi el Administrador D. Antonio Navarro, como todos los demas de su clase queden exêntos de los expresados sorteos ....

Título tomado del comienzo del textoSuscriben el texto Francisco Gonzalez de Estéfani y Agustin Ramon PereyraTexto fechado en Madrid, febrero de 1807Sign.: [ ]