Enactivism, action and normativity: a Wittgensteinian analysis

In this paper, we offer a criticism, inspired by Wittgenstein’s rule-following considerations, of the enactivist account of perception and action. We start by setting up a non-descriptivist naturalism regarding the mind and continue by defining enactivism and exploring its more attractive theoretical features. We then proceed to analyse its proposal to understand normativity non-socially. We argue that such a thesis is ultimately committed to the problematic idea that normative practices can be understood as private and factual. Finally, we offer a characterization of normativity as an essentially social phenomenon and apply our criticisms to other approaches that share commitments with enactivism

Ecological psychology is radical enough: A reply to radical enactivists

Ecological psychology is one of the most influential theories of perception in the embodied, anti-representational, and situated cognitive sciences. However, radical enactivists claim that Gibsonians tend to describe ecological information and its ‘pick up’ in ways that make ecological psychology close to representational theories of perception and cognition. Motivated by worries about the tenability of classical views of informational content and its processing, these authors claim that ecological psychology needs to be “RECtified” so as to explicitly resist representational readings. In this paper, we argue against this call for RECtification. To do so, we offer a detailed analysis of the notion of perceptual information and other related notions such as specificity and meaning, as they are presented in the specialized ecological literature. We defend that these notions, if properly understood, remain free of any representational commitment. Ecological psychology, we conclude, does not need to be RECtified

Entorno a la arqueometría española en 1995

Sin resume

Estudios arqueométricos sobre materiales cerámicos de la edad del hierro

En general y pese a las últimas investigaciones, la Edad del Hierro no es un período excesivamente bien conocido tanto en el entorno de Talavera de la Reina como en el resto de la provincia de Toledo. Es por ello por lo que todavía en la actualidad resulta complicada la elaboración de síntesis sobre ciertos aspectos económicos de esta etapa, como pueden ser los relacionados con la producción de cerámica. Los estudios que se realizan sobre este material aún no han superado el estadio de descripción crono-tipológica de las producciones, lo cual no ha permitido la aplicación de nuevas metodologías de carácter arqueométrico con las que obtener datos sobre sus procesos tecnológicos o sus secuencias de manufactura. Este trabajo ofrece una visión general de este período, haciendo especial hincapié en aquellos problemas planteados por las producciones cerámicas de esta región que podrían ser abordados desde una perspectiva arqueométrica.Peer reviewe

Análisis arqueométrico de muestras cerámicas de Cerdeña

Sin resume

Brief therapy techniques in a family practice residency program

Brief Therapy techniques such as clarification, relabeling, and confrontation, etc. are useful for comprehensive treatment by a family physician. This study was conducted in a hospital outpatient clinic in Mexico. The most frequent diagnoses found, and in which brief therapy techniques were applied, were poorly controlled chronic diseases, and/or patients with frequent visits, and those with behavioral disturbances. The techniques applied in a total of 228 consultations provided to 88 patients over a period of four months were clarification 32%, positive relabeling 32%, and relabeling plus clarification 21%. The mean number of consultations per patient was 2.5. Keywords: brief therapy, family medicine, holistic treatment, comprehensive treatment

Innovación y gestión de la conservación preventiva en museos: un ejemplo con colecciones de vidrio y materiales cerámicos

La conservación preventiva en instituciones museológicas no ha sido una realidad hasta la resolución de Vantaa (Finlandia) del año 2000, auspiciada por el ICCROM. Se define como una estrategia basada en un método de trabajo sistemático para identificar, evaluar y controlar los riesgos de deterioro que pueden afectar a los bienes culturales. Por tanto, es un proceso en el que no es necesario intervenir de forma directa en los mismos. En España, esta estrategia quedó recogida en el Plan Nacional de Conservación Preventiva aprobado por el Ministerio de Cultura en 2011, aunque todavía apenas se ha desarrollado en muchos de los museos españoles.En este artículo se presenta una propuesta metodológica innovadora sobre conservación preventiva en museos y su aplicación, como ejemplo, en colecciones de vidrio y materiales cerámicos. Estos materiales, sobre todo el vidrio, son especialmente sensibles a las condiciones medioambientales (acidez, humedad relativa y temperatura), por lo que una adecuada estrategia de conservación preventiva debe ser capaz de ralentizar al máximo su ritmo de deterioro.Este trabajo se ha realizado con cargo a un proyecto del MINECO (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad), con Ref. HAR2012-30769, y al Programa Geomateriales 2-CM (Ref. S2013/ MIT 2914) de la Comunidad de Madrid con fondos estructurales de la UE.Peer reviewe

The history and philosophy of ecological psychology

Ecological Psychology is an embodied, situated, and non-representational approach pioneered by J. J. Gibson and E. J. Gibson. This theory aims to offer a third way beyond cognitivism and behaviorism for understanding cognition. The theory started with the rejection of the premise of the poverty of the stimulus, the physicalist conception of the stimulus, and the passive character of the perceiver of mainstream theories of perception. On the contrary, the main principles of ecological psychology are the continuity of perception and action, the organism-environment system as unit of analysis, the study of affordances as the objects of perception, combined with an emphasis on perceptual learning and development. In this paper, first, we analyze the philosophical and psychological influences of ecological psychology: pragmatism, behaviorism, phenomenology, and Gestalt psychology. Second, we summarize the main concepts of the approach and their historical development following the academic biographies of the proponents. Finally, we highlight the most significant developments of this psychological tradition. We conclude that ecological psychology is one of the most innovative approaches in the psychological field, as it is reflected in its current influence in the contemporary embodied and situated cognitive sciences, where the notion of affordance and the work of E. J. Gibson and J. J. Gibson is considered as a historical antecedent.This study was supported by a 2018 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators, BBVA Foundation (the foundation accepts no responsibility for the opinions, statements and contents included in the project, and/or the results thereof, which are entirely the responsibility of the authors), the Projects PSI2013-43742 and FFI2016-80088-P funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and the FiloLab Group of Excellence, Spain funded by the Universidad de Granada, Spain.2018-1

Estimating entry counts and ATFM regulations during adverse weather conditions using machine learning

In recent years, convective weather has been the cause of significant delays in the European airspace. With climate experts anticipating the frequency and intensity of convective weather to increase in the future, it is necessary to find solutions that mitigate the impact of convective weather events on the airspace system. Analysis of historical air traffic and weather data will provide valuable insight on how to deal with disruptive convective events in the future. We propose a methodology for processing and integrating historic traffic and weather data to enable the use of machine learning algorithms to predict network performance during adverse weather. In this paper we develop regression and classification supervised learning algorithms to predict airspace performance characteristics such as entry count, number of flights impacted by weather regulations, and if a weather regulation is active. Examples using data from the Maastricht Upper Area Control Centre are presented with varying levels of predictive performance by the machine learning algorithms. Data sources include Demand Data Repository from EUROCONTROL and the Rapid Developing Thunderstorm product from EUMETSAT.This work is partially supported through the Spanish Government initiative Proyectos de I+D+I "RETOS INVESTIGACIN" Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades by the project entitled "Management of Meteorological Uncertainty for More Efficient Air Traffic: Meteorological Data Provision and Thunderstorm Avoidance" (RTI2018-098471-B-C32 )

Nuevos y viejos discursos de la transición. La nostalgia del consenso

La narrativa de la Transición ha dado lugar a una versión canónica repleta de tópicos y mitos que es muy difícil de combatir. Plantear una visión crítica sobre el todo o alguna de sus todavía múltiples aristas ignotas resulta incómodo, porque convierte al autor en blanco de la sospecha. Primero se dijo que el proceso transicional fue modélico y más tarde se afirma que además presidió un tiempo de nuestro pasado reciente "plácido". Esa visión acrítica acuñó también la idea del consenso como clave de bóveda de un tiempo que, desde posiciones interesadas de la coyuntura más reciente, se añora. La consulta de la prensa de aquellos años más la lectura de las ya significativas memorias de sus protagonistas nos permite poner en duda alguna de las afirmaciones más categóricas porque, si bien el consenso -tanto en su vertiente política como jurídica- caracterizó la situación, al menos, en tres momentos puntuales, no parece existir acuerdo en sus consideraciones. Reivindicar la Transición y la democracia resultante, como proyecto coral, es hoy una exigencia colectiva que no puede verse empañada por la construcción de un discurso único y excluyente.; The prevailing account of the Transition has lead to a canonical version full of deep-rooted topics and myths that make hardly easy to criticize a stereotyped explanation of democratization. In fact, to express the need for a review of some aspects of political change in Spain is still a rather awkward exercise. This is due to the mainstream hypothesis that emphasised the transitional process as a model and a symbol of a golden peaceful stage in recent Spanish history. The unthinking adherence to these ideas also coined the term consenso as the key analytical concept of that calm and idealized period. But the daily press resources and the memoirs of some important figures of the period can help us to question this politically motivated approach. Our contention is to show that the praised consenso did not exist in critical and very troubled moments during the political change. So, to claim the transition and democracy as a collective achievement is today a social requirement in Spain that cannot be tarnished by an exclusive discourse