Workshop 2: ¿Cómo crear un Maker Space?

Taller impartido en las XVI Jornadas CRAI: Los laboratorios digitales: un servicio de apoyo digital a la docencia, la investigación y el aprendizaje, organizadas por la Universitat de Valencia del 7 al 8 de junio de 2018

Variantes genéticas de trombofilia en pacientes jóvenes con enfermedad tromboembólica venosa

La Enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETEV) es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en los países desarrollados. Engloba principalmente a la Trombosis Venosa Profunda (TVP) y la embolia de pulmón. Enfermedad multifactorial y compleja donde intervienen numerosos factores genéticos y ambientales. Una de sus causas es la Trombofilia, cuyo estudio se centra principalmente en la mutación FVL y en la PT G20210A. En la actualidad se reconocen otras variantes genéticas relacionadas con la hemostasia como posibles factores de riesgo (FR) de ETEV. Objetivo principal: Identificar las variantes genéticas de trombofilia presentes en los pacientes jóvenes de nuestro medio y determinar su prevalencia. Objetivos secundarios: Describir y analizar las características clínicas, analíticas, FR y otros procesos asociados de ETEV. POBLACIÓN, MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, unicéntrico de casos control en el que se han incluido 198 individuos con edad ≤ 50 años del Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa desde 2009 al primer semestre de 2015, distribuidos en grupo de pacientes (53 varones y 68 mujeres con diagnóstico de ETEV con anticoagulación oral) y grupo control (19 varones y 58 mujeres) de los que hemos recogido datos demográficos, analíticos generales y de trombofilia plasmática (Déficit de AT, PC y PS y RPCa), genética [(FVL, PT20210A ,FVL H1299, MTHFR mutación C677T, MTHFR A1298C, Factor XIII V34L, BFG 455G>A, PAI-1 4G/5G, ITGB3 (HPA1 a/b), ECA I/D, APOB R3500Q y APOE (E2,E3,E4)] y adquirida (Anticoagulante lúpico y Anticuerpos antifosfolípidos e hiperhomocisteina). En el grupo de pacientes hemos valorado además, antecedentes familiares (AF), evento, presentación, FR clásicos y otros procesos asociados de ETEV. El tratamiento estadístico descriptivo y comparativo de los datos se realizó con el “PASW Statistic v.18.0.0 (SPSS Inc.)”. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN La ETEV en nuestros pacientes se presentó a la edad media de 37.79 años y predominio femenino. Todos los individuos presentaron al menos una de las mutaciones estudiadas. En el grupo de pacientes el 84 % portaban más mutación clásica (AT, PC, PS, RPCa, FVL y PT20210A). El evento más frecuente fue la TVP de extremidades inferiores (25.3%) de acuerdo con otros estudios. El 5.8% presentaron AF. El 52.1% fueron provocadas por un FR clásico a diferencia de otros datos publicados en la bibliografía. El 48% de los pacientes portadores de una trombofilia clásica presentaron una ETEV espontánea y el 7.5% no presentaron FR asociados. El FR más frecuente fueron los traumatismos (13.2%) y el proceso asociado, el hábito tabáquico (18.2%), no presentando ninguno más de 3 FR. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre FVL asociado o no a RPCa y el grupo de pacientes (OR: 11.58) y entre el haplotipo HR2 y el grupo control. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el resto de parámetros estudiados. CONCLUSIONES: todos los pacientes presentaron al menos una de las variantes genéticas estudiadas. La significación estadística y la prevalencia del FVL y la PT apoyan la realización de los estudios clásicos de trombofilia genética, precisándose nuevos estudios genéticos en aquellos pacientes en los que no se hayan identificado FR asociados

Bronze age Iinhumations in ceramic urn in the middle and upper Tagus basin: A comparative point of view

Se aborda el tema de los enterramientos prehistóricos en urnas en el valle interior del río Tajo. Los caracterizamos a partir de los enterramientos conocidos hasta el momento en la zona y tres más inéditos procedentes del yacimiento de Las Mayores (Toledo), de los que hemos obtenidos recientes datos arqueométricos. Con la información resultante reflexionamos sobre su relación con otros ámbitos peninsulares, especialmente el argárico, donde tienen amplia representación, y sobre su identificación dentro de la secuencia zonal, siendo característicos de la Edad del Bronce pero ajenos a las comunidades Protocogotas. Los enterramientos en pithoi tienen escaso arraigo en el interior peninsular, mostrando, aun así, una enorme variabilidad que impide ver en ellos consideraciones sociales más allá de los valores comprensibles dentro del reducido ámbito familiar, que es el dominante en los enterramientos de la Edad del Bronce en la zonaPrehistoric urn burials in the inland Tagus valley are characterised through the known examples in the area and three new ones at the site of Las Mayores (Toledo), for which archaeometric data have recently been obtained. The information obtained allows a reflection, first on their relationship with other parts of Iberia, especially the Argaric world, where such burials are well known. In second place, their identification within the regional sequence is assessed, as they are characteristic of the Bronze Age but foreign to ProtoCogotas communities. Pithoi burials did not enjoy a tradition in inland Iberia and their great variability does not allow social considerations at the community level. This practice is only comprehensible within the small family circles of the segmentary societies that characterised the Bronze Age in the are

COVID-19 inequalities: individual and area socioeconomic factors (Aragón, Spain)

It is essential to understand the impact of social inequalities on the risk of COVID-19 infection in order to mitigate the social consequences of the pandemic. With this aim, the objective of our study was to analyze the effect of socioeconomic inequalities, both at the individual and area of residence levels, on the probability of COVID-19 confirmed infection, and its variations across three pandemic waves. We conducted a retrospective cohort study and included data from all individuals tested for COVID-19 during the three waves of the pandemic, from March to December 2020 (357,989 individuals) in Aragón (Spain). We studied the effect of inequalities on the risk of having a COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis after being tested using multilevel analyses with two levels of aggregation: individuals and basic healthcare area of residence (deprivation level and type of zone). Inequalities in the risk of COVID-19 confirmed infection were observed at both the individual and area level. There was a predominance of low-paid employees living in deprived areas. Workers with low salaries, unemployed and people on minimum integration income or who no longer receive the unemployment allowance, had a higher probability of COVID-19 infection than workers with salaries ≥ €18,000 per year. Inequalities were greater in women and in the second wave. The deprivation level of areas of residence influenced the risk of COVID-19 infection, especially in the second wave. It is necessary to develop individual and area coordinated measures by areas in the control, diagnosis and treatment of the epidemic, in order to avoid an increase in the already existing inequalities

La Biblioteca en los MOOCs de la UC3M

Ponencia presentada en las XIII Jornadas CRAI: Aprendizaje Virtual, MOOCs y CRAIs, celebradas en la Universidad de Murcia del 11 al 12 de junio de 2015

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento del Cesar

Desde la exploración y revisión de distintos contextos donde se vivió violencia, se evidencia la cruda y triste realidad de este flagelo en Colombia, donde a las víctimas se les rechaza y discrimina. En la historia de Colombia la violencia ha sido transversal en las diferentes dinámicas culturales, contextuales, religiosas, políticas y demás que caracterizan al pueblo colombiano, toda vez que los hechos violentos son evidenciados continuamente dentro de este territorio. Por ende, el siguiente trabajo es el resultado del proceso desarrollado en el Diplomado de Profundización Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia que brinda la Universidad Nacional Abierta y A Distancia (UNAD), entonces en este trabajo el lector se encontrará el análisis de caso de Carlos Arturo, un adolescente de 14 años sobreviviente del conflicto armado interno de Colombia, quien a través de su relato muestra la crueldad de la violencia en este país, este análisis se divide en dos, el primero es un texto reflexivo sobre el caso y segundo se hace la formulación de preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas; también encontrara el análisis del caso Peñas Coloradas y las posibles estrategias psicosociales a implementar con los pobladores del mismo, de la misma manera un informe analítico y reflexivo de la experiencia de foto voz, las conclusiones del ejercicio realizado y las referencias bibliográficas consultadas para el desarrollo de trabajo.From the exploration and review of different contexts where violence was experienced, the harsh and sad reality of this scourge in Colombia is evident, where the victims are rejected and discriminated against. In the history of Colombia, violence has been transversal in the different cultural, contextual, religious, political and other dynamics that characterize the Colombian people, since violent acts are continuously evidenced within this territory. Therefore, the following work is the result of the process developed in the Diploma of Deepening Psychosocial Accompaniment in Scenarios of Violence offered by the National Open and Distance University (UNAD), so in this work the reader will find the case analysis of Carlos Arturo, a 14-year-old survivor of the internal armed conflict in Colombia, who through his story shows the cruelty of violence in this country, this analysis is divided into two, the first is a reflective text on the case and the second is makes the formulation of circular, reflective and strategic questions; You will also find the analysis of the Peñas Coloradas case and the possible psychosocial strategies to be implemented with its inhabitants, in the same way an analytical and reflective report of the photovoice experience, the conclusions of the exercise carried out and the bibliographic references consulted for the development of work

Karyotypic complexity rather than chromosome 8 abnormalities aggravates the outcome of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with TP53 aberrations.

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) harboring TP53 aberrations (TP53abs; chromosome 17p deletion and/or TP53 mutation) exhibit an unfavorable clinical outcome. Chromosome 8 abnormalities, namely losses of 8p (8p−) and gains of 8q (8q+) have been suggested to aggravate the outcome of patients with TP53abs www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget 80917 Oncotarget However, the reported series were small, thus hindering definitive conclusions. To gain insight into this issue, we assessed a series of 101 CLL patients harboring TP53 disruption. The frequency of 8p− and 8q+ was 14.7% and 17.8% respectively. Both were associated with a significantly (P < 0.05) higher incidence of a complex karyotype (CK, ≥3 abnormalities) detected by chromosome banding analysis (CBA) compared to cases with normal 8p (N-8p) and 8q (N-8q), respectively. In univariate analysis for 10-year overall survival (OS), 8p− (P = 0.002), 8q+ (P = 0.012) and CK (P = 0.009) were associated with shorter OS. However, in multivariate analysis only CK (HR = 2.47, P = 0.027) maintained independent significance, being associated with a dismal outcome regardless of chromosome 8 abnormalities. In conclusion, our results highlight the association of chromosome 8 abnormalities with CK amongst CLL patients with TP53abs, while also revealing that CK can further aggravate the prognosis of this aggressive subgroup.Instituto Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Unión Europea PI11/01621, PI15/00437, RD09/0076/00036, RD12/0036/0044, RD12/0036/0069 and PT13/0010/0005Generalitat de Catalunya 2014/SGR58

Heating and de-icing function in conductive concrete and cement paste with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes and graphite products

This paper aims to study the viability of conductive cement paste and conductive concrete with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite powder (GP) as a self-heating material for heating, ice formation prevention and de-icing in pavements. Different heating tests, ice-preventing tests and de-icing tests were performed with cement paste and concrete specimens. Results confirm that the conductive cement composites studied, with the addition of 1% CNT + 5% GP, exhibited heating, de-icing and ice-prevention properties, when applying constant AC/DC voltages between the two end sides of each specimen, with relatively low energy consumption. The main contribution of this work is to achieve a sufficient conductivity level for the development of the heating and de-icing function using this hybrid addition in concrete, which has not been used so far, in order to be applied in real concrete structures.The authors would like to acknowledge financial support received from European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 760940 and from the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) (AICO/2019/050)

Impact of targeting Kt instead of Kt/V

Producción CientíficaBackground. Patients must receive an adequate dialysis dose in each hemodialysis (HD) session. Ionic dialysance (ID) enables the dialysis dose to be monitored in each session. The aim of this study was to compare the achievement of Kt versus eKt/V values and to analyse the main impediments to reaching the dialysis dose. Methods. Of 5316 patients from 54 Fresenius Medical Care centers in Spain undergoing their usual HD regime, 3275 received ID and were included in the study. Results. The minimum prescribed dose of eKt/V was reached in 91.2% of the patients, while the minimum recommended dose of Kt was reached in only 66.8%. Patients not receiving the minimum Kt dose were older, had spent 7 months less on dialysis, had a dialysis duration of 6 min less, had 5.7 kg more of body weight and Qb was 47 mL/min lower. The target Kt was not reached by 62% of patients with catheters and by 37% of women. With each quintile increase of body weight, eKt/V decreased and Kt increased. Of patients with a body weight >80 kg, 1.4%, mostly men, reached the target Kt but not prescribed eKt/V. Conclusions. The impact of monitoring the dose with Kt instead of Kt/V is that identifies 25.8% of patients who did not reach the minimum Kt while achieving Kt/V. The main impediments to achieving an adequate dialysis dose were catheter use, female sex, advanced age, greater body weight, shorter dialysis time and lower Qb

The Effect of Different Oxygen Surface Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrical Resistivity and Strain Sensing Function of Cement Pastes

Different studies in the literature indicate the effectiveness of CNTs as reinforcing materials in cement–matrix composites due to their high mechanical strength. Nevertheless, their incorporation into cement presents some difficulties due to their tendency to agglomerate, yielding a non-homogeneous dispersion in the paste mix that results in a poor cement–CNTs interaction. This makes the surface modification of the CNTs by introducing functional groups on the surface necessary. In this study, three different treatments for incorporating polar oxygen functional groups onto the surface of carbon nanotubes have been carried out, with the objective of evaluating the influence of the type and oxidation degree on the mechanical and electrical properties and in strain-sensing function of cement pastes containing CNTs. One treatment is in liquid phase (surface oxidation with HNO3/H2SO4), the second is in gas phase (O3 treatment at 25 and 160 °C), and a third is a combination of gas-phase O3 treatment plus NaOH liquid phase. The electrical conductivity of cement pastes increased with O3- and O3-NaOH-treated CNTs with respect to non-treated ones. Furthermore, the oxygen functionalization treatments clearly improve the strain sensing performance of the CNT-cement pastes, particularly in terms of the accuracy of the linear correlation between the resistance and the stress, as well as the increase in the gage factor from 28 to 65. Additionally, the incorporation of either non-functionalized or functionalized CNTs did not produce any significant modification of the mechanical properties of CNTs. Therefore, the functionalization of CNTs favours the de-agglomeration of CNTs in the cement matrix and consequently, the electrical conductivity, without affecting the mechanical behaviour.This research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, grant number 760940