47 research outputs found
Hanhart syndrome: A rare case report and review of literature
Hanhart syndrome is a rare congenital and genetic disease, in which the most common signs are short, incompletely developed tongue (hypoglossia), absent or partially missing fingers and/or toes (hypodactylia), malformed arms and/or legs (peromelia), and small jaw (micrognathia). Here, we report a case of Hanhart syndrome in an 18-year-old boy. The boy presented with few extraoral and intraoral abnormalities such as short toes and phalanges along with partial syndactyly in the left hand only were the most relevant. Other features such as micro and retrognathic face, incompetent lips, and wide nasal bridge were also significant. The boy was suffering for difficulties in speech and swallowing due to small tongue size, high arched palate, crowding, and few missing teeth. To provide adequate treatment to a patient with Hanhart syndrome, this study aimed to review and to analyze this literature and treatment protocols
Performance Analysis of the Swashplate Axial Piston Pump with Hydraulic Fluid Temperatures
943-948Variable displacement axial piston pump can be used in a hydraulic system as the primary source of fluid power, which is suitable for high pressure and high efficiency. The power can be transfer in a hydraulic system with the help of the fluid medium. The oil leakage problem in various parts of the pump, especially the internal leakages in the piston-cylinder, swash plate-slipper pad and valve plate-cylinder block, seriously affect the performance of the pump. Therefore, it is important to know the properties of the fluid and its effect on the system performance. To study the performance of an axial piston pump, a non-linear mathematical model has been developed. The developed model has been validated with the existing results. The validated pump model has been used for performance analysis of the system. Moreover, the influence of hydraulic mineral oil at different temperatures on the piston chamber pressure, output power, and leakage flow in piston-cylinder has been explored. The present investigation has been performed in MATLAB Simulink 14a environment. The simulation result shows that the pump operating temperature range can be set as 30℃ to 60℃ for moderate ripple and output chamber pressure
Performance Analysis of the Swashplate Axial Piston Pump with Hydraulic Fluid Temperatures
TVariable displacement axial piston pump can be used in a hydraulic system as the primary source of fluid power, which is suitable for high pressure and high efficiency. The power can be transfer in a hydraulic system with the help of the fluid medium. The oil leakage problem in various parts of the pump, especially the internal leakages in the piston-cylinder, swash plate-slipper pad and valve plate-cylinder block, seriously affect the performance of the pump. Therefore, it is important to know the properties of the fluid and its effect on the system performance. To study the performance of an axial piston pump, a non-linear mathematical model has been developed. The developed model has been validated with the existing results. The validated pump model has been used for performance analysis of the system. Moreover, the influence of hydraulic mineral oil at different temperatures on the piston chamber pressure, output power, and leakage flow in piston-cylinder has been explored. The present investigation has been performed in MATLAB Simulink 14a environment. The simulation result shows that the pump operating temperature range can be set as 30℃ to 60℃ for moderate ripple and output chamber pressure
Ultrahigh breakdown current density of van der Waals One Dimensional
One-dimensional (1D) van der Waals (vdW) materials offer nearly defect-free
strands as channel material in the field-effect transistor (FET) devices and
probably, a better interconnect than conventional copper with higher current
density and resistance to electro-migration with sustainable down-scaling. We
report a new halide based "truly" 1D few-chain atomic thread, PdBr,
isolable from its bulk which crystallizes in a monoclinic space group C2/c.
Liquid phase exfoliated nanowires with mean length (201)m transferred
onto SiO/Si wafer with a maximum aspect ratio of 5000 confirms the lower
cleavage energy perpendicular to chain direction. Moreover, an isolated
nanowire can also sustain current density of 200 MA/cm which is
atleast one-order higher than typical copper interconnects. However, local
transport measurement via conducting atomic force microscopy (CAFM) tip along
the cross direction of the single chain records a much lower current density
due to the anisotropic electronic band structure. While 1D nature of the
nanoobject can be linked with non-trivial collective quantum behavior, vdW
nature could be beneficial for the new pathways in interconnect fabrication
strategy with better control of placement in an integrated circuit (IC)
Spin-crossover assisted metallization of few-layer FePS at 1.45 GPa
Magnetic insulators in reduced dimension are the ideal model systems to study
spin-crossover(SCO) induced cooperative behavior under pressure. Similar to the
external perturbations like light illumination or temperature, external
pressure may provide new pathway to accelerate giant lattice collapse,and
subsequently Mott transition in van der Waals (vdW) materials with diminishing
effect of the third dimension. Here, we investigate room-temperature
layer-dependent SCO and insulator-metal transition in vdW magnet,FePS3, under
high pressure using micro-Raman scattering.Experimentally obtained spectra, in
agreement with the computed Raman modes, indicates evidence of IMT of FePS3
started off with a spin-state transition from a high (S=2) to low spin state
(S=0) with a thickness dependent critical pressure (P_c) which reduces to 1.45
GPa in 3-layer flakes compared to 10.8 GPa for the bulk counterpart.
Additionally, a broad Raman mode (P*) emerges between 310 cm^{-1} and 370
cm^{-1} at elevated pressure for three different thicknesses of FePS3 flakes
(3-100 layers), also corroborated with computational results which suggests the
pressure dependent decrease of metal-ligand bond distance(Fe-S) with lowering
of magnetic moment in FePS3. Phenomenologically, our results in few-layer
flakes with strong structural anisotropy which enhances the in-plane strain
with applied pressure can be understood by adopting Hubbard model and
considering the spectral-range (bandwidth W) as a function of layer numbers and
pressure with a power-law scaling. Reduction of the critical pressure for phase
transition in few-layer vdW magnets to 1-2 GPa marks the possibility of using
nano-enclosure fit for use in device electronics where the pressure is induced
due to interfacial adhesion, like in vdW heterostructure or molecules trapped
between layers,and thereby,avoiding the conventional use of diamond anvil cell
Ethnic Preparation of Haria, a Rice-Based Fermented Beverage, in the Province of Lateritic West Bengal, India
Haria is a rice-based fermented beverage that is popular among tribal and low income people in lateritic West Bengal and East-Central India. The principal ingredient of this beverage is low grade boiled rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is mixed with a traditional starter, called bakhar, and fermented within a heat-sterilized earthen pot for 3-4 days. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ethnobotanical importance and traditional process of haria preparation. The method adopted for this study was based on interactive questionnaires and laboratory experiments. It was found that the pH decreased during the course of fermentation with increased titratable acidity of 1.42%. The alcohol content was 2-3% (v/v) in the consumable beverages. This documentation will be useful for further exploitation of haria as a health drink
Life cycle assessment of microbial 2,3-butanediol production from brewer’s spent grain modeled on pinch technology
Microbial production of 2,3-butanediol (BDO) has received considerable attention as a promising alternate to fossil-derived BDO. In our previous work, BDO concentration >100 g/L was accumulated using brewer’s spent grain (BSG) via microbial routes which was followed by techno-economic analysis of the bioprocess. In the present work, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted for BDO production from the fermentation of BSG to identify the associated environmental impacts. The LCA was based on an industrial-scale biorefinery processing of 100 metric tons BSG per day modeled using ASPEN plus integrated with pinch technology, a tool for achieving maximum thermal efficiency and heat recovery from the process. For the cradle-to-gate LCA, the functional unit of 1 kg of BDO production was selected. One-hundred-year global warming potential of 7.25 kg CO2/kg BDO was estimated while including biogenic carbon emission. The pretreatment stage followed by the cultivation and fermentation contributed to the maximum adverse impacts. Sensitivity analysis revealed that a reduction in electricity consumption and transportation and an increase in BDO yield could reduce the adverse impacts associated with microbial BDO production
Proximitized spin-phonon coupling in topological insulator due to two-dimensional antiferromagnet
Induced magnetic order in a topological insulator (TI) can be realized either
by depositing magnetic adatoms on the surface of a TI or engineering the
interface with epitaxial thin film or stacked assembly of two-dimensional (2D)
van der Waals (vdW) materials. Herein, we report the observation of spin-phonon
coupling in the otherwise non-magnetic TI BiTe, due
to the proximity of FePS (an antiferromagnet (AFM),
120 K), in a vdW heterostructure framework. Temperature-dependent Raman
spectroscopic studies reveal deviation from the usual phonon anharmonicity
at/below 60 K in the peak position (self-energy) and linewidth (lifetime) of
the characteristic phonon modes of BiTe (106 cm and 138
cm) in the stacked heterostructure. The Ginzburg-Landau (GL) formalism,
where the respective phonon frequencies of BiTe couple to phonons
of similar frequencies of FePS in the AFM phase, has been adopted to
understand the origin of the hybrid magneto-elastic modes. At the same time,
the reduction of characteristic of FePS from 120 K in
isolated flakes to 65 K in the heterostructure, possibly due to the interfacial
strain, which leads to smaller Fe-S-Fe bond angles as corroborated by
computational studies using density functional theory (DFT). Besides, our data
suggest a double softening of phonon modes of BiTe
(at 30 K and 60 K), which in turn, demonstrates Raman scattering as a possible
probe for delineating the magnetic ordering in bulk and surface of a hybrid
topological insulator
Exploring a Tetrahydroquinoline Antimalarial Hit from the Medicines for Malaria Pathogen Box and Identification of its Mode of Resistance as PfeEF2
New antimalarial treatments with novel mechanism of action are needed to tackle Plasmodium falciparum infections that are resistant to first-line therapeutics. Here we report the exploration of MMV692140 ( 2 ) from the Pathogen Box, a collection of 400 compounds that was made available by Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) in 2015. Compound 2 was profiled in in vitro models of malaria and was found to be active against multiple life-cycle stages of Plasmodium parasites. The mode of resistance, and putatively its mode of action, was identified as Plasmodium falciparum translation elongation factor 2 ( Pf eEF2), which is responsible for the GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome along mRNA. The compound maintains activity against a series of drug-resistant parasite strains. The structural motif of the tetrahydroquinoline ( 2 ) was explored in a chemistry program with its structure-activity relationships examined, resulting in the identification of an analog with 30-fold improvement of antimalarial asexual blood stage potency
Generation of a mutator parasite to drive resistome discovery in Plasmodium falciparum
In vitro evolution of drug resistance is a powerful approach for identifying antimalarial targets, however, key obstacles to eliciting resistance are the parasite inoculum size and mutation rate. Here we sought to increase parasite genetic diversity to potentiate resistance selections by editing catalytic residues of Plasmodium falciparum DNA polymerase δ. Mutation accumulation assays reveal a ~5–8 fold elevation in the mutation rate, with an increase of 13–28 fold in drug-pressured lines. Upon challenge with the spiroindolone PfATP4-inhibitor KAE609, high-level resistance is obtained more rapidly and at lower inocula than wild-type parasites. Selections also yield mutants with resistance to an “irresistible” compound, MMV665794 that failed to yield resistance with other strains. We validate mutations in a previously uncharacterised gene, PF3D7_1359900, which we term quinoxaline resistance protein (QRP1), as causal for resistance to MMV665794 and a panel of quinoxaline analogues. The increased genetic repertoire available to this “mutator” parasite can be leveraged to drive P. falciparum resistome discovery