The Eye on Mitochondrial Disorders.

Ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders are frequently neglected or overlooked because they are often not regarded as part of the phenotype. This review aims at summarizing and discussing the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders. Review of publications about ophthalmologic involvement in mitochondrial disorders by search of Medline applying appropriate search terms. The eye is frequently affected by syndromic as well as nonsyndromic mitochondrial disorders. Primary and secondary ophthalmologic manifestations can be differentiated. The most frequent ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders include ptosis, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, optic atrophy, retinopathy, and cataract. More rarely occurring are nystagmus and abnormalities of the cornea, ciliary body, intraocular pressure, the choroidea, or the brain secondarily affecting the eyes. It is important to recognize and diagnose ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders as early as possible because most are accessible to symptomatic treatment with partial or complete short-term or long-term beneficial effect. Ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders need to be appropriately diagnosed to initiate the most effective management and guarantee optimal outcome

Prise en charge conservatrice des hématomes puerpéraux de gros volume: À propos de 3 cas

L'hématome puerpéral est une complication rare parfois grave du  post-partum. Sa prise en charge reste encore non consensuelle. L'objectif denotre travail est de discuter la possibilité et l'intérêt d'une prise en charge conservatrice en cas d'hématome de gros volume sous couvert de certaines conditions. Ainsi nous rapportons 3 cas d'hématomes péri- génitaux de taille supérieure à 8cm pour lesquels un traitement conservateur a été préconisé. L'évolution était favorable pour les 3 patientes

Pulmonary Embolism Revealing Idiopathic Membranous Glomerulonephritis

We describe a case of a 55-year-old man who presented with pulmonary embolism and who was found to have nephrotic syndrome due to idiopathic membranous nephropathy. There are no other signs of nephrotic syndrome such as edema

Influence of gravel and adjuvant on the compressive strength and water absorption of concrete.

Concrete is the most commonly used material in civil engineering, given its economic cost and ease of manufacture. Its strength depends on the characteristics of its constituents. A good mix makes it possible to build solid, durable and economical structures. The present work aims to characterize the gravel of the Eastern region (quarry of eastern Morocco) by granulometric analysis and water absorption. Then, the studied gravel is used to produce three types of concrete (B20, B25 and B30), which were assessed in terms of water absorption and compressive strength. The last step is to study the effect of an adjuvant, more specifically a water reducer, on mechanical characteristics of local concrete. B25 concrete was chosen for the last step since it is the most used type in the region. Results show that adding a water reducer adjuvant, in this case 'Chrysoplast', can improve the compressive strength of concrete if the percentage added is accurately determined

Feeding mechanism and capture success of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) larvae

Feeding success is a key factor for larval growth and survival, and is highly dependent on small-scale processes which occur during the predator-prey interaction. We studied the feeding mechanisms involved in the capture success of the European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) larvae using video recordings. The successful predatory sequence of this species consists of the following 5 events: encounter, pursuit (including fixation), strike, capture and ingestion. C. lavaretus larvae can exhibit an “S” shaped posture and always strikes on its prey from beyond. The mean fixation distance for wild larvae was 1.75 ± 0.71 mm and for reared larvae was 1.65 ± 0.76 mm. This distance was significantly different between failed and successful snaps, and seemed to be an important parameter to the capture success of C. lavaretus larvae. The analysis of the complexity in predator’s swimming path showed that more convoluted approaches are less likely to lead to a fruitful att

Microbiological Profile of Neonatal Sepsis at a Maternity Hospital in Omdurman, Sudan

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic signs of infection and accompanied by bacteremia in the first month of life. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal period. The study was conducted to determine microbiological profile and antibiogram of neonatal sepsis at Omdurman Maternity Hospital. Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study involving 202 neonatal blood cultures at Omdurman Maternity Hospital during the period from April 2017 to April 2018. Specimens were cultured in Brain Heart Infusion broth followed by subculture of isolates on blood agar, MacConkey agar, and Chocolate agar and incubated aerobically at 37ºC for 24 h. The isolates were tested for their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Of 202 positive blood cultures, 130 cases (64.4%) were early onset and 72 cases (35.6%) were recorded for late onset sepsis. Gram-negative pathogens approaching (123, 60.9%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism in both groups of neonatal sepsis being isolated from (71, 35.7%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (43, 21.2%). Gram-negative organisms were sensitive to Imepenem (97.3%) and Meropenem (80.5%) and resistant to third-generation Cephalosporins (65.3%) and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (91.4%). Gram-positive organisms were resistant to Cefotaxime (75%), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (65.4%), and Clindamycin (68.2%); 91.6% of gram-positive isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin. Conclusion: Gram-negative pathogens took the major spectrum of isolates. Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.2%) was the most frequent gram-negative organism. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (33.7%) was the most common isolate. Most of the isolates were multidrug resistant. The best choice for treatment is Vancomycin (8.4%) and Imepenem (2.7%) for gram-positive and gram-negative, respectively. Adherence to antibiotic policy, antimicrobial surveillance, and policy updating is necessary

Reversible dilated cardiomyopathy caused by hypothyroidism

The association between lack of thyroid hormones and cardiac dysfunction has been well described. We report two new cases of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), revealing a periphery hypothyroidism and for whom cardiac function significantly improved after L thyroxin substitutive treatment. Our cases highlight the necessity to perform thyroid function testing to investigate the etiology of non ischemic DCM

The Use of Molecular Pathway Inhibitors in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma

Presently, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic osteosarcoma remains low despite advances in chemotherapeutics and neoadjuvant therapy. A majority of the morbidity and nearly all of the mortality in osteosarcoma rely not in the primary disease but in the metastatic disease. The pursuit of novel molecular therapies is attractive due to their targeted ability to combat metastasis. Unlike traditional chemotherapy agents, which work by targeting rapidly dividing cells, targeted therapies may spare normal cells and decrease the adverse effects of chemotherapy by targeting specific pathways. Here, we discuss key molecular pathways in osteosarcoma and their ability to be modulated for the goal of eradication of primary and metastatic disease. We focus specifically on the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathways