Análise da Influência do Treino da Visualização Mental na Eficácia da Execução Técnica do Gesto Motor do Serviço na Modalidade de Ténis, em Jovens Praticantes

Dissertação apresentada com vista à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia do Desporto e do Exercício. Orientador: Professor Doutor Carlos Manuel Marques da SilvaResumo O presente estudo pretendeu analisar os efeitos de um programa de visualização mental junto de uma população de atletas da modalidade de Ténis de Campo dos escalões competitivos sub-12, sub-14 e sub-16. Os resultados visaram a análise do número de acertos em dez modelos de serviço, antes e após a implementação do referido programa. As principais conclusões deste estudo indicaram a melhoria da capacidade global de serviço do grupo que experimentou o programa de treino psicológico, ao contrário do verificado no grupo de atletas que não realizou o treino. Apontaram, igualmente, para cada um dos escalões competitivos, os modelos de serviço que foram mais beneficiados com a realização do treino psicológico, constituindo-se como informações pertinentes ao planeamento dos conteúdos técnico-táctico e psicológico, do treino do serviço nesta modalidade. Posteriormente, é discutida a relevância dos programas de treino psicológico nos escalões de formação desportiva, ajudando na promoção do desenvolvimento psicológico dos jovens e melhorando a capacidade de execução dos gestos técnicos.Abstract The present study claims to analyze the effects of an imagery training program on a group of tennis young athletes, belonging to the under 12, under 14 and under 16 competitive levels. The results aimed do analyze the number of hits on ten models of tennis serve, before and after the implementation of the refered program. The primal conclusions of this study indicated the improvement of the global capacity to serve between the group that experienced the psychological training program, contrarily to the group that didn’t performed it. The study recorded, for each competitive level, what models of tennis serve most benefited with the imagery training program, raising up relevant information to the process of technical, tactical and psychological training programming. Later, the relevance of the psychological programs on the development and capacity to implement technical gestures of young tennis players is discussed

Causes and Spatial Implications of violating Building Space Standards in Mwanza (Rock) City: Case of Mahina Settlement.

Urban centres emerge, develop and expand. In the course of development or expansion, housing development on hilly landscapes may be more challenging than on relatively flat or flat terrains, forcing developers not to comply with building standards. By focusing on one of the neighbourhoods developed on hills, this argument forms the platform to find out the factors that drive developers to violate and how these factors affect the spatial qualities.The study considers building setbacks, plot coverage, Floor Area Ratios (FARs) and the streetscape to analyze the spatial development of the neighbourhood. In this regard, interviews were employed to reveal the building construction practices at a plot level while aerial photos facilitated mapping the extent of spatial growth. Measurements and observations revealed the building standards adopted by house developers.The study finds that natural, economic, technical and social factors drive developers to violate the official building standards. However, natural factors – hilly and rocky topography and small plot sizes are the main driving forces of violation. Also, developers do not comply because of ignorance of the set out standards and household size increase. The property market, rental units in particular, has driven developers to maximize plot space use in order to increase revenues from rented spaces.   The results inform a review of plot sizes and building space standards on hilly areas, availing and provision of building space standards to the grassroots institutions, as well as instituting accountability measures for professional misconduct.

Chapter 5 Adaptability, decarbonisation and accessibility

This chapter focuses on the status quo of transport for people in relation to integrated planning attempts in the city of Dar es Salaam. With the population increase and urban expansion, the need for transport infrastructure and mobility within Dar es Salaam is continuously growing. To manage transport development under these conditions of rapid urban growth, the Dar es Salaam Master Plan of 1979 was the last official master plan authorised by the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Development and has not been replaced Daladalas, small buses and the even smaller microbuses called vipanya are by far the most common way to travel in Dar es Salaam. The World Bank notes that Dar es Salaam’s four primary roads and arterial roads are dominated by public transit and walking. However, walking has not yet been sufficiently considered in transport policies in Dar es Salaam, which – unlike Nairobi – does not have a Non-Motorised Transport Policy to date

Climate, Land Use Change and Local Adaptation Strategies in Ecological Areas. Case of Miwaleni River Valley

Climate change issues are contemporary global phenomena which affect the largest part of the world in different ways. This paper explores how local communities living in sensitive ecological areas, particularly in river valleys, respond to and adapt to climate change. By employing a qualitative research approach, findings have indicated that heavy rainfall and prolonged droughts coupled with population increase have led to land use changes and loss of biodiversity in the river valley. In turn, 37% of villagers have decided to shift from rain-fed to irrigated agriculture, 34% move to other areas during the heavy rain season while 29% have shifted from agricultural activities. However, due to limited resources and technology, the strategies adapted have not provided satisfactory results. For this case, dam construction in the upper stream and dredging of Miwaleni springs can improve livelihood social and economic activities in the village and sustain biodiversity and ecosystem in the river valley

A motivação do terapeuta da fala para a formação contínua

A educação contínua desempenha um papel essencial no desenvolvimento de competências e de atualização de saberes e justifica-se, em grande parte, pelas caraterísticas da sociedade que colocam novas exigências aos diversos tipos de «saber», «saber estar», «saber saber», «saber ser» e «saber fazer» e, sobretudo, ao «saber como fazer» dos profissionais (Delors, 1996), tendendo a ser considerado uma exigência contratual. Definido como uma série de atividades de aprendizagem que possibilitam manter e reforçar as competências profissionais de forma a garantir uma boa prática (CPLOL, 2009a), o desenvolvimento profissional contínuo (educação contínua) tem um papel crucial na prestação de serviços de excelência. A terapia da fala surge em Portugal em 1962 e nos primeiros 20 anos a literatura era escassa, não existindo investigação na área. Embora, atualmente, a formação de base seja idêntica é dada, no entanto, maior atenção à investigação, o percurso profissional e o aumento de profissionais permitiu desenvolvimento de competências conduzindo a um alargamento de conhecimentos e interesses e à expansão das suas perspetivas. Em consequência começaram a surgir especializações e a aumentar o número de trabalhos de investigação. Investigar implica uma descoberta constante de nova informação, informação esta que fornece a base para novas investigações contribuindo para que o exercício da profissão. Os focos de investigação vão-se expandindo, portanto, à medida que a base de conhecimento se alarga e alastra para áreas diversas (Horn & Monsen, 2008). Cada vez mais, os profissionais de terapia da fala sentem necessidade de aprofundar os seus conhecimentos o que se denota no aumento significativo de procura e ingresso em cursos de pós-graduação. O que motiva esta procura é divergente de pessoa para pessoa e depende das características da sua personalidade e circunstâncias de vida. Investigar esta temática das motivações poderá trazer um contributo importante tanto aos profissionais quanto aos professores ou coordenadores dos cursos de pós-graduação, onde se incluem os mestrados. Saberes nestas áreas podem ajudar os alunos e os professores a facilitar o desenvolvimento de novas competências e emoções positivas em relação à aprendizagem, necessárias, designadamente, para terminar os trabalhos iniciados e melhorar a sua qualidade (Guimarães, Bzuneck & Sanches; 2002); permitindo a atualização de conhecimentos e capacidades pessoais que promovem a melhoria das práticas profissionais. O presente trabalho constitui-se como uma fase exploratória de um estudo descritivo sobre o grau e tipos de motivação que conduzem ao envolvimento dos terapeutas da fala na procura de formação contínua, nomeadamente em cursos de mestrado. Abordar-se-á, o tema, expondo a revisão bibliográfica efectuada, seguindo-se a metodologia e a apresentação dos resultados, por fim, serão realizadas considerações finais

Label-efficient learning of LiDAR-based perception models for autonomous driving

Deep learning on 3D LiDAR point clouds is in its infancy stages, with room to grow and improve, especially in the context of automated driving systems. A considerable amount of research has been pointed at this particular application very lately as a means to boost the performance and reliability of self-driving cars. However, the quantity of data needed to supervise perception point cloud-based models is extremely large and costly to annotate. This thesis studies, evaluates and compares state-of-the-art detection networks and label efficient learning techniques, shedding some light on how to train perception models on point clouds with less annotated data

The role of open data and digital technology in property management in the developing world. The case of Rwanda.

The study examined the role of open data and digital technology in property management in urban and rural land in Rwanda in order to increase land tenure security and minimize land related problems.Methodology:Open and closed questions were developed and addressed to the community and local administrative authorities to provide views on how open data and digital technology can facilitate property management for sustainable land administration. Interviews on socio-demographics were carried out to get an understanding on the role of open data and digital transformation and their trickle-down effects on property management. Respondents comprised 54% with university education while the rest hold non-university education. In terms of gender, 60% of the respondents were women while 40% were men.Results have shown that land administration systems and change in land policy to record, manage and store land information has addressed the question of land conflict in the country as opposed to the customary land tenure security which existed before 1994 when land administration system was instituted in the country. The system has solved about 87% of the land associated problems and it has contributed on land tenure security. In addition, the technology has created 10,000 jobs to graduates; lowering down poverty level which is currently stands at USD 1.90 per day. Through the application of land administration system, the government has collected beyond 70% of property taxes compared to customary land tenure management system which was adopted before 1990’s.Lack of open data systems in property management particularly land related conflicts, financial capacity, experts and community empowerment remain obstacles.Results:The paper concludes that open data and digital technology in property management have substantially yielded positive results in the country despite the challenges which still exist. In order to make more improvements, the study recommends on the: (1) creation of open land data and information management system to facilitate navigation of land data and related information for easy accessibility by all land users; (2) use of emerging digital technologies to collect and store land data for future development projects; (3) community empowerments in terms of technical skills to manage the use of new technologies and open land data systems to minimize land problems.Keywords:   Open Data, Digital Technology, Urban Land and Property Management, Rwanda