People in alcoholism recovery: assessment of cardiovascular risk factors

El estudio descriptivo y cuantitativo objetivó evaluar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular de las personas en recuperación del alcoholismo en Fortaleza, en el estado de Ceará. Participaron 62 personas. Se encontró que el 58,7% estaba en sobrepeso u obesos, el 63,3% tenía aumento de la circunferencia abdominal, el 50% consumía fuentes industriales de sal, el 57,4% no practicaba ejercicios físicos, el 59,6% se estresaba con facilidad, el 74.2% de las personas declaró uso actual o anterior de tabaco. Además del abuso de alcohol, otros factores para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares estaban presentes en los sujetos del estudio.This descriptive and quantitative study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors for people in alcoholism recovery in Fortaleza, state of Ceara, Brazil. In total, 62 people participated in the study. It was found that 58.7% of participants were overweight or obese, 63.3% had increased waist circumference, 50% reported consumption of industrialized sources of salt, 57.4% did not practiced physical exercises, 59.6% admitted to get stressed easily; 74.2% reported current or previous use of tobacco. Besides use of alcohol, other factors related to the development of cardiovascular diseases were present in the subjects of the study.Objetivou-se avaliar os fatores de risco cardiovasculares de pessoas em recuperação do alcoolismo em Fortaleza. Estudo do tipo descritivo, quantitativo, realizado com 62 pessoas. Constatou-se que 58,7% se encontravam com sobrepeso ou obesidade; 63,3% apresentavam aumento da circunferência abdominal; 50% afirmaram consumo de fontes industrializadas de sal; 57,4% não realizavam exercícios físicos; 59,6% julgaram se estressar com facilidade; 74,2% das pessoas declararam uso atual ou anterior do fumo. Detectou-se que, além do abuso do álcool, outros fatores para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares estiveram presentes nos sujeitos do estudo

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Reutilização da água residuária de casa de farinha em substituição à adubação mineral: efeitos no solo e na planta.

Cassava wastewater is a liquid residue rich in organic matter and nutrients, and when discharged indiscriminately may cause environmental degradation. On the other hand, this residue presents potential for reuse as an organic fertilizer which can be applied to several crops, since it presents high concentrations of nutrients, mainly, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium. However, cassave wastewater use in excessive dosages can affect nutrients equilibrium, increase soil salinity and decrease soil pH, compromising plant development. Through the results from the literature, finding a balanced point between suitable dosages to maintain the soil sortive complex ideal for plant development is a key point for a correct reuse of cassava wastewater. Nevertheless, generally, there is a consensus among researchers that cassava wastewater can be used as a source of fertilization to several crops.A manipueira é um resíduo líquido rico em matéria orgânica e nutrientes, e quando descartada, de forma indiscriminada, pode causar degradação ambiental. Por outro lado, este resíduo apresenta potencial para reaproveitamento como fertilizante que pode ser empregado em diversas culturas, pois apresentar alta concentração de nutrientes, sobretudo, potássio, magnésio, nitrogênio, fósforo e cálcio. No entanto, a utilização de manipueira em doses excessivas pode prejudicar o equilíbrio entre nutrientes, aumentar a salinidade e diminuir o pH do solo, comprometendo o desenvolvimento das plantas. Pelas respostas obtidas na literatura, encontrar um ponto de equilíbrio entre as doses consideradas adequadas para manter o complexo sortivo do solo ideal para o desenvolvimento das plantas é um ponto chave para a reutilização correta da manipueira. Contudo, de maneira geral, há um condenso entre os pesquisadores de que a manipueira pode ser utilizada como fonte de adubação para diversas culturas

SEVERE CALORIE RESTRICTION REDUCES CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS AND PROTECTS RAT HEARTS FROM ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY

Background and Aims: Recent studies have proposed that if a severe caloric restriction (SCR) is initiated at the earliest period of postnatal life, it can lead to beneficial cardiac adaptations later on. We investigated the effects of SCR in Wistar rats from birth to adult age on risk factors for cardiac diseases (CD), as well as cardiac function, redox status and HSP72 content in response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods and Results: From birth to the age of 3 months, CR50 rats were fed 50% of the food that the ad libitum group (AL) was fed. Food intake was assessed daily and body weight were assessed weekly. In the last week of the SCR protocol, systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured and the double product index was calculated. Also, oral glucose and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance tests were performed. Thereafter, rats were decapitated, visceral fat was weighed, and blood and hearts were harvested for biochemical, functional, tissue redox status and western blot analyzes. Compared to AL, CR50 rats had reduced the main risk factors for CD. Moreover, the FR50 rats showed increased cardiac function both at baseline conditions (45% > AL rats) and during the post-ischemic period (60% > AL rats) which may be explained by a decreased cardiac oxidative stress and increased HSP72 content. Conclusion: SCR from birth to adult age reduced risk factors for CD, increased basal cardiac function and protected hearts from the I/R, possibly by a mechanism involving ROS

Consensus for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary tumors

The purpose of this paper is to establish criteria that could guide the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of canine mammary neoplasias. It was elaborated during the Mammary Pathology Meeting: Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of the Canine Mammary Neoplasm, held on November 6 th and 7 th, 2010 in Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil, sponsored by the Laboratory of Comparative Pathology - UFMG, with the support of the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Pathology (ABPV) and Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology (ABROVET). Academics from several regions of Brazil were present and contributed to this work

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora