34 research outputs found
Development of two Brown Norway rat models for the assessment of primary prevention and desensitsing capacity of cow's milk based hydrolysates
Initial experiments to assess short-term survival of discarded plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) caught in trammel nets during winter season
European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is a key species in commercial fisheries in the North Sea, Skagerrak,
Kattegat, and Baltic Sea. The reformed European Union Common Fisheries Policy includes the possibility of
exemptions from the landing obligation for âspecies for which scientific evidence demonstrates high survival
ratesâ. Discard survival from set-net fisheries is poorly studied. Trials were conducted on two commercial fishing
vessels over seven trips from November to February 2017â2018 in the Baltic Sea. The nylon trammel nets had a
nominal bar size for the inner/outer wall of 75/350 mm and 85/400 mm. Soaking time was 23â47 h, water depth
7â18 m, and deck temperature was â 0.1â6.0 âŚC. Following commercial practice, the trammel nets were hauled
back onto the vessel, after which netting and fish passed through a net hauler onto a steel sorting table where the
entire fish catch were manually untangled by the fishers and plaice collected by scientists. We used a storage
system for housing the captured fish inside fishing harbours during observations. Catch-damage-index (CDI) and
Reflex Action Mortality Predictor (RAMP) scores were used to assess fish condition immediately after capture and
at the end of observation periods. All plaice below 40 cm were sampled with a total number of 118 individuals
from 13 fleets (several nets joined together). The fish were assessed for short-term survival for 4â10 days with
full survival (100%). The majority of fish exhibited no reflex impairments. Minor bruises, fraying, and net marks
were frequently observed on captured fish. The overall condition of the fish did not change during observation
periods
Loneliness in the lives of Danish adolescents: Associations with health and sleep
Aim. We examined the relationship between loneliness and health among young adolescents. We also investigated the validity of a single item measure of loneliness by comparing this to a composite score. Methods. The current data comes from a nationally representative sample of 11-15 year old adolescents (N = 3305; F = 52%) from Denmark collected in 2014 as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) collaborative cross-national survey. Results. A series of binary logistic regressions showed that higher loneliness among adolescents, whether measured using the single- or multi-item measurement, was associated with poorer self-rated health, higher frequency of headache, stomach-ache, back-ache, difficulties sleeping, greater sleep disturbance, and more instances of feeling tired in the morning. Those associations were relatively consistent across gender and age groups. Conclusions. Loneliness is associated with poorer self-reported health and sleep problems among young adolescents. Those findings are similar across two measures of loneliness, suggesting robust findings. The development of interventions and health education efforts to fight loneliness in adolescence is important
Associations of Plasma Nitrite, L-Arginine and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine With Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Social disconnectedness, loneliness, and mental health among adolescents in Danish high schools : a nationwide cross-sectional study
Background: Previous research has suggested that social disconnectedness experienced at school is linked to mental health problems, however, more research is needed to investigate (1) whether the accumulation of various types of social disconnectedness is associated with risk for mental health problems, and (2) whether loneliness is a mechanism that explains these associations.
Methods: Using data from the Danish National Youth Study 2019 (UNG19), nation-wide cross-sectional data from 29,086 high school students in Denmark were analyzed to assess associations between social disconnectedness experienced at school (lack of classmate support, lack of teacher support, lack of class social cohesion, and not being part of the school community) and various mental health outcomes, as well as the mediating role of loneliness for each type of disconnectedness. Multilevel regression analyses were conducted to assess the associations.
Results: Descriptive analyses suggest that 27.5% of Danish high school students experience at least one type of social disconnectedness at school. Each type of social disconnectedness was positively associated with mental health problems (depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, stress, sleep problems, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, eating disorder, body dissatisfaction, and low self-esteem) and negatively associated with mental well-being. In all cases, loneliness significantly mediated the associations. We found a clear dose-response pattern, where each addition in types of social disconnectedness was associated with (1) stronger negative coefficients with mental well-being and (2) stronger positive coefficients with mental health problems.
Conclusion: Our results add to a large evidence-base suggesting that mental health problems among adolescents may be prevented by promoting social connectedness at school. More specifically, fostering social connectedness at school may prevent loneliness, which in turn may promote mental well-being and prevent mental health problems during the developmental stages of adolescence. It is important to note that focusing on single indicators of school social connectedness/disconnectedness would appear to be insufficient. Implications for practices within school settings to enhance social connectedness are discussed
Discovery of O-glycans on atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) that affect both its proteolytic degradation and potency at its cognate receptor
Comparing ion conductance recordings of synthetic lipid bilayers with cell membranes containing TRP channels
In this article we compare electrical conductance events from single channel
recordings of three TRP channel proteins (TRPA1, TRPM2 and TRPM8) expressed in
human embryonic kidney cells with channel events recorded on synthetic lipid
membranes close to melting transitions. Ion channels from the TRP family are
involved in a variety of sensory processes including thermo- and
mechano-reception. Synthetic lipid membranes close to phase transitions display
channel-like events that respond to stimuli related to changes in intensive
thermodynamic variables such as pressure and temperature. TRP channel activity
is characterized by typical patterns of current events dependent on the type of
protein expressed. Synthetic lipid bilayers show a wide spectrum of electrical
phenomena that are considered typical for the activity of protein ion channels.
We find unitary currents, burst behavior, flickering, multistep-conductances,
and spikes behavior in both preparations. Moreover, we report conductances and
lifetimes for lipid channels as described for protein channels. Non-linear and
asymmetric current-voltage relationships are seen in both systems. Without
further knowledge of the recording conditions, no easy decision can be made
whether short current traces originate from a channel protein or from a pure
lipid membraneComment: 13 pages, 9 Figure
SNHG16 is regulated by the Wnt pathway in colorectal cancer and affects genes involved in lipid metabolism
It is well established that lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancer where they have been shown to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. RNA profiling of 314 colorectal adenomas/adenocarcinomas and 292 adjacent normal colon mucosa samples using RNAâsequencing demonstrated that the snoRNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is significantly upâregulated in adenomas and all stages of CRC. SNHG16 expression was positively correlated to the expression of Wntâregulated transcription factors, including ASCL2, ETS2, and câMyc. In vitro abrogation of Wnt signaling in CRC cells reduced the expression of SNHG16 indicating that SNHG16 is regulated by the Wnt pathway. Silencing of SNHG16 resulted in reduced viability, increased apoptotic cell death and impaired cell migration. The SNHG16 silencing particularly affected expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. A connection between SNHG16 and genes involved in lipid metabolism was also observed in clinical tumors. Argonaute CrossLinking and ImmunoPrecipitation (AGOâCLIP) demonstrated that SNHG16 heavily binds AGO and has 27 AGO/miRNA target sites along its length, indicating that SNHG16 may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) âspongingâ miRNAs off their cognate targets. Most interestingly, half of the miRNA families with high confidence targets on SNHG16 also target the 3â˛UTR of StearoylâCoA Desaturase (SCD). SCD is involved in lipid metabolism and is downâregulated upon SNHG16 silencing. In conclusion, upâregulation of SNHG16 is a frequent event in CRC, likely caused by deregulated Wnt signaling. In vitro analyses demonstrate that SNHG16 may play an oncogenic role in CRC and that it affects genes involved in lipid metabolism, possible through ceRNA related mechanisms