Synthesis of pure Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles and superhydrophobic suspensions: consolidation and waterproofing of architectural heritage materials

[SPA] El objetivo de esta tesis es investigar sobre la síntesis, propiedades y aplicaciones de las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2 para consolidar materiales patrimoniales arquitectónicos. Las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2 se han utilizado recientemente en la conservación del patrimonio, aunque algunos aspectos de la síntesis no son completamente comprendidos. En el presente estudio, hemos desarrollado métodos optimizados para obtener nanopartículas de alta pureza mediante síntesis de fase homogénea y heterogénea utilizando diferentes materiales de partida. Se han realizado del orden de cien síntesis en diferentes condiciones para comprobar la validez y fiabilidad del método sintético. Los resultados confirman que la temperatura de reacción tiene una gran influencia en el tamaño y la morfología de las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2. Además, se ha investigado la estabilidad de las nanopartículas a lo largo del tiempo en mezclas de 2-propanol / agua, en las que se encontró que la ausencia de agua era crítica para evitar la aglomeración de Ca(OH)2. Una vez dispersas en 2-propanol, las nanopartículas se han utilizado para consolidar sustratos reales (piedra, adobe y estuco) confirmando su alto rendimiento en términos de consolidación superficial y – cuando se mezcla con ciertos surfactantes – en reducción de la absorción de agua. Asimismo, se ha investigado el uso de nanopartículas modificadas basadas en M(OH)2, donde M=Ca2+, Mg2+, con el objetivo de mejorar tanto la cohesión superficial como la durabilidad de los materiales patrimoniales (p. ej. piedra Tabaire). Finalmente, el tratamiento de consolidación basado en nanopartículas puras de Ca(OH)2 se utilizó en emplazamientos con valor patrimonial, como edificios históricos y yacimientos arqueológicos (Teatro Romano de Cartagena) obteniendo resultados satisfactorios. [ENG] El objetivo de esta tesis es investigar sobre la síntesis, propiedades y aplicaciones de las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2 para consolidar materiales patrimoniales arquitectónicos. Las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2 se han utilizado recientemente en la conservación del patrimonio, aunque algunos aspectos de la síntesis no son completamente comprendidos. En el presente estudio, hemos desarrollado métodos optimizados para obtener nanopartículas de alta pureza mediante síntesis de fase homogénea y heterogénea utilizando diferentes materiales de partida. Se han realizado del orden de cien síntesis en diferentes condiciones para comprobar la validez y fiabilidad del método sintético. Los resultados confirman que la temperatura de reacción tiene una gran influencia en el tamaño y la morfología de las nanopartículas de Ca(OH)2. Además, se ha investigado la estabilidad de las nanopartículas a lo largo del tiempo en mezclas de 2-propanol / agua, en las que se encontró que la ausencia de agua era crítica para evitar la aglomeración de Ca(OH)2. Una vez dispersas en 2-propanol, las nanopartículas se han utilizado para consolidar sustratos reales (piedra, adobe y estuco) confirmando su alto rendimiento en términos de consolidación superficial y – cuando se mezcla con ciertos surfactantes – en reducción de la absorción de agua. Asimismo, se ha investigado el uso de nanopartículas modificadas basadas en M(OH)2, donde M=Ca2+, Mg2+, con el objetivo de mejorar tanto la cohesión superficial como la durabilidad de los materiales patrimoniales (p. ej. piedra Tabaire). Finalmente, el tratamiento de consolidación basado en nanopartículas puras de Ca(OH)2 se utilizó en emplazamientos con valor patrimonial, como edificios históricos y yacimientos arqueológicos (Teatro Romano de Cartagena) obteniendo resultados satisfactorios.[ENG] The aim of this thesis is to investigate on the synthesis, properties and applications of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles to consolidate architectural heritage materials. Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles have recently been used in heritage conservation, although some aspects of the synthesis are not fully-understood. In the present study, we have developed optimised methods for obtaining highpurity nanoparticles based on homogenous and heterogeneous phase synthesis using different starting materials. Around one hundred syntheses have been performed to test the validity and reliability of the synthetic method in different conditions. The results confirm that the reaction temperature has a great influence on the size and morphology of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles. Besides, the nanoparticles stability has been investigated over time in 2-propanol / water mixtures, in which the absence of water was found to be critical to avoid Ca(OH)2 agglomeration. Once dispersed in 2-propanol, the nanoparticles have been used to consolidate real substrates (stone, adobe and stucco) confirming their high performance in terms of surface consolidation and – when mixed with certain surfactants – water absorption. Likewise, the use of modified nanoparticles based on M(OH)2, where M=Ca2+, Mg2+, has been investigated with the aim of improving both the surface cohesion and durability of heritage materials (e.g. Tabaire stone). Finally, the consolidation treatment consisting in pure Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles has been used in cultural heritage sites, such as historical buildings and archaeological monuments (Roman Theatre of Cartagena) leading to satisfactory results.Escuela Internacional de DoctoradoUniversidad Politécnica de CartagenaPrograma Doctorado en Arquitectura y Tecnología de la Edificació

Detecting the adherence of driving rules in an energy-efficient, safe and adaptive driving system

An adaptive and rule-based driving system is being developed that tries to improve the driving behavior in terms of the energy-efficiency and safety by giving recommendations. Therefore, the driving system has to monitor the adherence of driving rules by matching the rules to the driving behavior. However, existing rule matching algorithms are not sufficient, as the data within a driving system is changing frequently. In this paper a rule matching algorithm is introduced that is able to handle frequently changing data within the context of the driving system. 15 journeys were used to evaluate the performance of the rule matching algorithms. The results showed that the introduced algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in the context of the driving system. Thus, the introduced algorithm is suited for matching frequently changing data against rules with a higher performance, why it will be used in the driving system for the detection of broken energy-efficiency or safety-relevant driving rules

An Orientation Service for Dependent People Based on an Open Service Architecture

This article describes a service architecture for ambient assisted liv ing and in particular an orientation navigation service in open places for persons with memory problems such as those patients suffering from Alzheimer’s in its early stages. The service has the following characteristics: one-day system autonomy; self-adjusting interfaces for simple interaction with patients, based on behavioural patterns to predict routes and destinations and to detect lost situations; easy browsing through simple spoken commands and use of photo graphs for reorientation, and independence of GISs (Geographic Information Systems) to reduce costs and increase accessibility. Initial testing results of the destination prediction algorithm are very positive. This system is integrated in a global e-health/e-care home service architecture platform (OSGi) that enables remote management of services and devices and seamless integration with other home service domains.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TSI2006-13390-C02-0

Influencia de la Kundalini Yoga en la gestión de la vocación docente de los profesores de una Institución Educativa, UGEL 07- 2023

El proyecto de investigación tuvo como objetivo medir como la práctica de kundalini yoga afecta a la vocación docente de los profesores de una IE, en chorrillos, Lima, en el año 2023.El proyecto uso un método cuantitativo y un diseño cuasi experimental con una prueba antes y después de la intervención; asimismo la muestra estuvo formada por 40 profesores, divididos en dos grupos de 20 cada uno, un grupo control (GC) y un grupo experimental (GE). Algrupo experimental se le aplicaron talleres de kundalini yoga y a ambos grupos se les paso un cuestionario al inicio y al final del proyecto. Los resultados mostraron que después de los talleres, el grupo experimental alcanzo un nivel alto de vocación docente con un 90% mientras que el grupo control no mostro cambios significativos; Además, se comprobó la hipótesis con la prueba estadística U de Mann Whitney, que dio un valor de 95,000 y un valor de p=0,000<0,05, lo que indica que hay diferencias significativas entre los gruposy que el kundalini yoga influye positivamente en la vocación docente de los profesores en el año 2023

Early detection and quantification of verticillium wilt in olive using hyperspectral and thermal imagery over large areas

© 2015 by the authors. Automatic methods for an early detection of plant diseases (i.e., visible symptoms at early stages of disease development) using remote sensing are critical for precision crop protection. Verticillium wilt (VW) of olive caused by Verticillium dahliae can be controlled only if detected at early stages of development. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machine (SVM) classification methods were applied to classify V. dahliae severity using remote sensing at large scale. High-resolution thermal and hyperspectral imagery were acquired with a manned platform which flew a 3000-ha commercial olive area. LDA reached an overall accuracy of 59.0% and a κ of 0.487 while SVM obtained a higher overall accuracy, 79.2% with a similar κ, 0.495. However, LDA better classified trees at initial and low severity levels, reaching accuracies of 71.4 and 75.0%, respectively, in comparison with the 14.3% and 40.6% obtained by SVM. Normalized canopy temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence, structural, xanthophyll, chlorophyll, carotenoid and disease indices were found to be the best indicators for early and advanced stage infection by VW. These results demonstrate that the methods developed in other studies at orchard scale are valid for flights in large areas comprising several olive orchards differing in soil and crop management characteristics.Financial support for this research was provided by Project P08-AGR-03528 from “Consejería de Economía, Innovación y Ciencia” of Junta de Andalucía and the European Social Fund, and projects AGL-2012-37521 and AGL2012-40053-C03-01 from the Spanish “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” and the European Social Fund. Rocio Calderón is a recipient of research fellowship BES-2010-035511 from the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación”.We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Peer Reviewe

A Home E-Health System for Dependent People Based on OSGI

This chapter presents a e-health system for dependent people installed in a home environment. After reviewing the state of art in e-health applications and technologies several limitations have been detected because many solutions are proprietary and lack interoperability. The developed home e-health system provides an architecture capable to integrate different telecare services in a smart home gateway hardware independent from the application layer. We propose a rule system to define users’ behavior and monitor relevant events. Two example systems have been implemented to monitor patients. A data model for the e-health platform is described as well.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TSI2006-13390-C02-0

Oral leukoplakia treatment with the carbon dioxide laser: A systematic review of the literature

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate treatment of oral leukoplakia with the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. A comprehensive search of studies published between 1981 and 2015 and listed in the PubMed (National Library of Medicine, NCBI) database yielded 378 articles which were screened in detail. Rele- vant studies were selected according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 33 articles met the final inclusion criteria and were analysed in detail in accordance with the PRISMA-P statement. These full-text papers were classified as synopses (n 1⁄4 7), recurrence and malignant trans- formation studies (n 1⁄4 17), comparative studies between CO2 laser and cold knife surgery (n 1⁄4 3) and studies evaluating the efficacy of CO2, Nd:YAG and KTP lasers. According to the literature the CO2 laser is the workhorse of oral leukoplakia treatment due to its effectiveness and low associated morbidity. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to compare CO2 laser with other lasers. The results of our systematic review showed that there is no consensus regarding the factors involved in higher recurrence and malignization rates, so further studies are needed

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma: a rare case report and review of literature

Objectives: Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma is a rare condition characterized by ameloblastic-like islands of epithelial cells with aberrant keratinitation in the form of Ghost cell with varying amounts of dysplastic dentina. Material and Methods: We report a case of a 70 year-old woman with a rapid onset of painful swelling right maxillary tumor. Magnetic resonance showed a huge tumor dependent on the right half of the right hard palate with invasion of the pterygoid process and focally to the second branch of the trigeminal. Radiological stage was T4N0. The patient underwent a right subtotal maxillectomy with clear margins. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given. The patient was free of residual or recurrent disease 12 months after surgery. Results: The tumor was 3,9cm in diameter. It was spongy and whitish gray. Microscopically the tumor was arranged in nets and trabeculae, occasionally forming palisade. Tumoral cells had clear cytoplasm with vesicular nuclei. There was atipia and mitosi with vascular and perineural invasion. The excised tumor was diagnosed as a GCOC. Conclusions: Ghost cell carcinoma is a rare odontogenic carcinoma. Its course is unpredictable, ranging from locally invasive tumors of slow growth to highly aggressive and infiltrative ones. Wide surgical excision with clean margins is the treatment of choice although its combination with postoperative radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy, remains controversial

La cronobiología: una herramienta de apoyo a la docencia

[SPA] En esta comunicación se propone la realización de un taller teórico-práctico, en el que alumnos de ESO podrán reforzar y adquirir nuevos conocimientos de Ciencias de la naturaleza, Biología y Geología, y Ciencias sociales, recogidos en el Anexo II del Real Decreto 1631/2006, mediante la realización de determinados experimentos y observaciones de situaciones cotidianas relacionadas con la Cronobiología, trabajando en distintos grupos, en función del curso al que pertenezcan. La Cronobiología es una ciencia cuyo objetivo es el estudio de los ritmos biológicos. Éstos son oscilaciones que sufren determinadas variables biológicas de forma regular y con un periodo determinado. Además, con esta innovadora forma de trabajo se pretenden alcanzar importantes objetivos como son la familiarización con las características básicas del trabajo científico, la interpretación de información de carácter científico y utilización de dicha información para formarse una opinión propia. Además, se pretende que los alumnos aprendan a valorar las aportaciones de las ciencias de la naturaleza para dar respuesta a las necesidades de los seres humanos y por supuesto la utilización de fuentes secundarias de información para la realización de pequeñas investigaciones.[ENG] The aim of this communication is to propose a theoretical and practical workshop to be carried out with Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) students, where their Natural Science, Biology and Geology curriculum under Annex II of RD 1631/2006 would be deepened and further developed. This would be achieved through a number of experiments and through the study and recording of everyday situations related to Chronobiology. These experiences would be developed by classifying the students in different groups according to their academic level. Chronobiology is the field of study that examines biological rhythms as biological patterns which are subject to a periodic or cyclic rhythm. Furthermore, by means of this innovative approach significant objectives may be attained, such as furthering the students’ awareness of the basic features of scientific research, helping them interpret scientific data and teaching them how to adequately use such information to develop a personal view on each subject. Students would acquire also a better knowledge of the contribution of Natural Sciences towards a better answer for the humans’ needs in all fields and, of course, they would learn how to use secondary information sources necessary to carry our basic research

The treatment of oral leukoplakia with the CO2 laser: A retrospective study of 65 patients

The use of CO2 laser has become a routine procedure for the treatment of oral leukoplakia. In this retrospective study, we evaluated 65 patients with oral leukoplakia treated with CO2 laser vaporization. The main location was the tongue (n ¼ 21/65, 32.3%). The initial biopsy showed mild/moderate dysplasia in almost half the patients (n ¼ 29, 44.6%) and hyperplasia without dysplasia in around a third of the patients (n ¼ 21, 32.3%). The recurrence and malignant transformation rates were 33.8% (n ¼ 22) and 15.4% (n ¼ 10), respectively. The follow-up mean (standard deviation) was 15.0 (10.6) months. The procedure-related complications rate was 7.7% (n ¼ 5). The KaplaneMeier curves for time to recurrence showed differences only for gingiva lesions compared to tongue lesions (log rank, p ¼ 0.032). Malignant leukoplakia transformation is independent of treatment, although it seems advisable to treat leukoplakia with or without dysplasia