8 research outputs found
Concurrent homozygous sickleâcell disease and severe haemophilia A: Thromboelastography profiles
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148348/1/hae13692_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148348/2/hae13692.pd
Tailoring Pickering Double Emulsions by in Situ Particle Surface Modification
Fundamental studies on the formation and stability of
Pickering
double emulsions are crucial for their industrial applications. Available
methods of double emulsion preparation involve multiple tedious steps
and can formulate a particular type of double emulsion, that is, water-in-oil-in-water
(w/o/w) or oil-in-water-in-oil (o/w/o). In this work, we proposed
a simple single-step in situ surface modification method to stabilize
different types of double emulsions using hematite and silica particle
systems which involves the addition of oleic acid. In the emulsification
studies, we use (i) a combination of hematite and oleic acid, which
is termed the binary system, and (ii) a mixture of hematite and silica
particles together with oleic acid, which is designated as the ternary
system. The wettability of hematite particles is tuned by direct or
sequential addition of oleic acid to the waterâdecane medium.
The direct surface modification (which involves the addition of a
known quantity of oleic acid to the oilâwater mixtures at once)
of hematite particles in both binary and ternary systems shows transitional
phase inversion from oil-in-water (o/w) to water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions.
However, sequential surface modification results in the transition
of a single emulsion to double emulsions. In the case of the binary
system, the sequential surface modification of the hematite-particle-stabilized
o/w emulsion can be converted into double emulsions of o/w/o type.
However, in the case of the ternary system, i.e., in the presence
of silica particles, sequential surface modification of hematite particles
stabilizes both single (o/w) and double (w/o/w and o/w/o) emulsions.
The critical concentration of oleic acid required to form a double
emulsion is observed to be dependent on the ratio of the surface area
of the silica particle to the total surface area of particles (S) and mixing protocols. A study of the size distribution
of oil and water droplets of double emulsions shows that droplet size
can be controlled by oleic acid concentration and magnitude of S. The arrangements of the particles at interfaces are visualized
by SEM imaging. In this way, we developed an easy and novel single-step
method of double emulsion preparation and provide a strategy to tailor
the formation of different types of emulsions with a single/binary
particle system by sequential in situ surface modification of the
particles
Tailoring Pickering Double Emulsions by in Situ Particle Surface Modification
Fundamental studies on the formation and stability of
Pickering
double emulsions are crucial for their industrial applications. Available
methods of double emulsion preparation involve multiple tedious steps
and can formulate a particular type of double emulsion, that is, water-in-oil-in-water
(w/o/w) or oil-in-water-in-oil (o/w/o). In this work, we proposed
a simple single-step in situ surface modification method to stabilize
different types of double emulsions using hematite and silica particle
systems which involves the addition of oleic acid. In the emulsification
studies, we use (i) a combination of hematite and oleic acid, which
is termed the binary system, and (ii) a mixture of hematite and silica
particles together with oleic acid, which is designated as the ternary
system. The wettability of hematite particles is tuned by direct or
sequential addition of oleic acid to the waterâdecane medium.
The direct surface modification (which involves the addition of a
known quantity of oleic acid to the oilâwater mixtures at once)
of hematite particles in both binary and ternary systems shows transitional
phase inversion from oil-in-water (o/w) to water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions.
However, sequential surface modification results in the transition
of a single emulsion to double emulsions. In the case of the binary
system, the sequential surface modification of the hematite-particle-stabilized
o/w emulsion can be converted into double emulsions of o/w/o type.
However, in the case of the ternary system, i.e., in the presence
of silica particles, sequential surface modification of hematite particles
stabilizes both single (o/w) and double (w/o/w and o/w/o) emulsions.
The critical concentration of oleic acid required to form a double
emulsion is observed to be dependent on the ratio of the surface area
of the silica particle to the total surface area of particles (S) and mixing protocols. A study of the size distribution
of oil and water droplets of double emulsions shows that droplet size
can be controlled by oleic acid concentration and magnitude of S. The arrangements of the particles at interfaces are visualized
by SEM imaging. In this way, we developed an easy and novel single-step
method of double emulsion preparation and provide a strategy to tailor
the formation of different types of emulsions with a single/binary
particle system by sequential in situ surface modification of the
particles
Efficacy of linezolid against Staphylococcus aureus in different rodent skin and soft tissue infections models
Linezolid is approved for complicated and uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections. We have evaluated the efficacy of this drug in murine as well as in rat skin and soft tissue infection models using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC and clinical strains. In thigh infection model the dose of linezolid required for more than 1 log10 kill from baseline inoculum in neutropenic mice and rats was 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/Kg BW bid /day, respectively, which was 5 and 4 folds more than that in immunocompetent animals, respectively. Dose required to achieve 1 log10 killing was similar against different strains of S. aureus in immunocompetent mouse thigh infection model. However, in murine groin abscess infection model, a dose of 100 mg/kg, b.i.d/day of linezolid produce static effect in 2 days, but revealed to be superior in 4 days treatment and showed approximately 1 log10 killing from base line inoculums. Based upon pharmacokinetic profile, a 24-h AUC/MIC required for linezolid efficacy in murine groin abscess model was 91.5 for the strain used in this study. As linezolid is taken as a gold standard drug in the evaluation of new chemical entity, this data could be useful for comparing the preclinical efficacy of new anti-MRSA agents.</p