Italian urban systems: a delimitation

There is a missing concept in the Italian planning tradition: the delimitation of Urban Systems. The laws of the European countries all provide some kind of delimitation for the 'Built Areas', in Italy there are no official boundaries for what it is built. This work tries to fill the gap by applying the work of the French INSEE to the Italian case. This choice is meant for harmonizing the studies on towns or urban entities that all over Europe are split into several research groups. The main aim of the work is the creation of the 'Map of Urban Systems in Italy', done by studying the interactions between administrative boundaries and built areas, and by analyzing the workflows between urban entities. The French methodology turns out to be interesting for its two-level strategy: 1) the physical town - we test if the towns are urban 'continuum' 2) the social and economic town - we test the interaction between core and periphery The output of the work is not only the 'Map of Urban Systems', but also an analysis of the peculiarities of the Italian case (that can surely be used by planners of all administrative levels for their studies).

‘The Light Cloak of the Saint:’ The Changing Rhetorical Situations of Esperanto’s “Internal Idea" and its Relevance to Contemporary Problems

Esperanto was conceived as a model of commercial usefulness, but also to confront the higher aims of its “internal idea.” The interna ideo of Esperanto has historically taken various forms, but it has most often been concerned with protecting a multiethnic world in its diversities, building bridges that allow for a more equitable coexistence of minorities. This underlying ethical thrust makes the international language a potential lever for a more just society in the current global conditions. In order to support this claim, I reconstruct the rhetorical situation of Zamenhof’s pronouncements on the “internal idea,” including Hillelism and Homaranismo. I also argue that George Orwell’s dystopic Newspeak can be considered a political commentary about what would happen to Esperanto if the “internal idea” were to be hijacked in the name of economic progress or the supposed tranquility of commerce

Straddling east and west: the orientalist gaze reversed in Marjane Satrapi's Persepolis

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2013.Esta dissertação investiga a reversão do viés Orientalista na graphic novel autobiográfica Persépolis, de Marjane Satrapi. A história de Persépolis, dividida em duas partes, retrata a vida de Marji desde seus 10 anos de idade, em 1979, durante a Revolução Islâmica, até seus 24 anos. Esta pesquisa busca, mais especificamente, analisar como a construção identitária da personagem principal do texto, a própria Marji, reverte o olhar ocidental sobre ela. Em cada lugar em que ela se encontra, seja na Áustria ou no Irã, ela precisa lidar com diferentes características e especificidades de sua própria identidade a fim de reverter o olhar Orientalista. As estratégias utilizadas por Marji variam de acordo com sua localização. Em algumas situações, a reversão é construída se apropriando do discurso ocidental. Em outras, individualização e/ou heterogeneidade são as responsáveis por essa reversão. O uso de generalizações também funciona para descreditar o olhar Orientalista. Além disso, algumas características da graphic novel como mídia e do gênero autobiográfico também colaboram para tal reversão.Abstract : This thesis investigates the Orientalist gaze reversal in the autobiographical graphic novel Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi. The story of Persepolis, divided in two parts, depicts Marji's life since she is 10 years old, in 1979, during the Islamic Revolution, until she is 24 years old. My study is concerned, more specifically, with how the identity construction of the main character in the text, which is Marji herself, works on the reversal of the Western gaze upon her. In each location Marji finds herself, be it in Austria or in Iran, she has to deal with different characteristics and specificities of her own identity in order to reverse the Orientalist gaze. The strategies used by Marji are different according to her location. In some situations, the reversion is constructed by using the Western discourse against the Western institutions or people themselves. In others, individualization and/or heterogeneity are responsible for this reversal. The use of generalizations also works on debunking the Orientalist gaze. Furthermore, some features of the graphic novel medium and the autobiographical genre also collaborate for the gaze reversal

A Plea for a Jesuit Annual Catalog Database

This paper originated from the spring semester I spent as a fellow at Boston College in 2019 and partially accounts for a digitization project that will proceed rather differently from the way it began, even if this will simply confirm the viability of its starting premises. The project aims to create a digital, open-access, English-language, and researchable database of the Jesuit annual catalogs. But why, in particular, the annual catalogs? The reason is their content and the way they display it: information on the identity, domicile, and activity of each and every member of the Society of Jesus kept almost continuously from the late sixteenth century on, through an accurate and efficient system of accounting. The annual catalogs have recently attracted the attention of other researchers, some of whom have attempted to convert their own data into digital boxes and provide them with digital tools. That lifted the project to another level and required that a comparison be made of the different approaches and proposals in order to optimize the potential outcome of broader cooperation among institutes. With regard to the original project, what remains unchanged is the aim of pouring into the database-to-be as much as possible of the Jesuit annual catalogs’ data, translated into English and starting from the order’s restoration. The project also aims to enable some research features that would allow scholars to filter items in space and time and apply simple formulas for sums, averages, and so on

Archaeology at the micro-scale: Micromorphology and phytoliths at a Swahili stonetown

Geoarchaeological and archaeobotanical techniques are increasingly applied to the study of urban and domestic space. However, they are seldom performed as part of an integrative approach, where the soil and botanical micro-records are used together. This paper presents the preliminary results of ongoing research at Songo Mnara in Tanzania that combines customised intra-site soil macro- and micromorphological analyses, chemical analysis and the study of phytoliths. The research is part of a multidisciplinary project on the use of urban space in Swahili stonetowns. By eliciting multiple datasets from Songo Mnara, this paper illustrates the potential of integrating geoarchaeology and archaeobotany to investigate the use of space in urban contexts. The approach is a novelty within the context of Swahili archaeology and an emerging one in Africa.Peer reviewe

Registro de Achatina fulica Bowdich (Mollusca, Gastropoda) no ecótono Cerrado-Caatinga, no sul do Estado do Piauí, Brasil

Registro de Achatina fulica Bowdich (Mollusca, Gastropoda) no ecótono Cerrado-Caatinga, no sul do Estado do Piauí, Brasil</htm

Prosodic Pointing in inferential comprehension:the application of Relevance Theory to L2 listening instruction

The interface between pragmatics and prosody has been shown to be significant in intercultural communication (RIESCO BERNIER; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2008; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2002, 2012, 2015, 2019). In this paper, we re-evaluate the pragmatics-prosody interface on the grounds that prosody is seldom interpreted independently from accompanying gesture, facial modification and head movement. To enhance L2 hearers’ pragmatic competence, or what we define as attentional and inferential abilities, we introduce prosodic pointing as an ostensive phenomenon inclusive of both vocal and visual paralinguistic features used synchronously to communicate and interpret one’s intentions. We believe that the way relevance mechanisms (SPERBER; WILSON, 1986; WHARTON, 2014) focus the hearer on the speaker’s ostensive nonverbal behaviours, for him to use them as cues to speaker meaning, can be exploited in L2 listening instruction that aims to develop epistemic vigilance (SPERBER 1994; PADILLA CRUZ, 2013) and pragmatic competence in Chinese hearers of L2 English. In English, you can show disagreement by saying ‘Yes, he \was’. In Chinese, however, ‘yes’ always means agreement. Chinese speakers typically disagree by saying ‘No, he was’, thus potentially causing misunderstanding. We investigate how introducing prosodic pointing to Chinese L2 learners can help in fine-tuningtheir epistemic vigilance in L2 English through an intervention study involving input and immediate recall sessions. The results show (i) evidence of Chinese interpreters of L2 English fine-tuning their epistemic vigilance and, as result, the important role of prosodic pointing in enhancing their pragmatic competence, and (ii) the need for further relevance-based L2 instructional studies focused on enhancing inferential and interpretive competence in hearers of L2 English.The interface between pragmatics and prosody has been shown to be significant in intercultural communication (RIESCO BERNIER; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2008; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2002, 2012, 2015, 2019). In this paper, we re-evaluate the pragmatics-prosody interface on the grounds that prosody is seldom interpreted independently from accompanying gesture, facial modification and head movement. To enhance L2 hearers’ pragmatic competence, or what we define as attentional and inferential abilities, we introduce prosodic pointing as an ostensive phenomenon inclusive of both vocal and visual paralinguistic features used synchronously to communicate and interpret one’s intentions. We believe that the way relevance mechanisms (SPERBER; WILSON, 1986; WHARTON, 2014) focus the hearer on the speaker’s ostensive nonverbal behaviours, for him to use them as cues to speaker meaning, can be exploited in L2 listening instruction that aims to develop epistemic vigilance (SPERBER 1994; PADILLA CRUZ, 2013) and pragmatic competence in Chinese hearers of L2 English. In English, you can show disagreement by saying ‘Yes, he \was’. In Chinese, however, ‘yes’ always means agreement. Chinese speakers typically disagree by saying ‘No, he was’, thus potentially causing misunderstanding. We investigate how introducing prosodic pointing to Chinese L2 learners can help in fine-tuning their epistemic vigilance in L2 English through an intervention study involving input and immediate recall sessions. The results show (i) evidence of Chinese interpreters of L2 English fine-tuning their epistemic vigilance and, as result, the important role of prosodic pointing in enhancing their pragmatic competence, and (ii) the need for further relevance-based L2 instructional studies focused on enhancing inferential and interpretive competence in hearers of L2 English.***Apontamento prosódico na compreensão inferencial: a aplicação da Teoria da Relevância à instrução auditiva L2***A interface entre pragmática e prosódia tem se mostrado significativa em comunicação intercultural (RIESCO BERNIER; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2008; ROMERO-TRILLO, 2002, 2012, 2015, 2019). Neste artigo, nós reavaliamos a interface pragmática-prosódica assumindo que a prosódia é raramente interpretada de maneira independente de gestos, modificações faciais e movimentos de cabeça. A fim de aprimorar a competência pragmática do ouvinte em L2, ou o que definimos como habilidades inferencial e de atenção, introduzimos o conceito de indicação gestual-prosódica (prosodic pointing) como uma ferramenta baseada na relevância que inclui características tanto segmentais como paralinguísticas, usadas sincronizadamente para comunicar a intenção do falante. Acreditamos que a maneira como mecanismos de relevância (SPERBER; WILSON, 1986, WHARTON, 2014) fazem o ouvinte focar em comportamentos ostensivos não verbais - a fim de que ele as use como pistas para o significado do falante - pode informar instruções de compreensão oral em L2 que busquem desenvolver a competência pragmática e a vigilância epistêmica (PADILLA CRUZ, 2013) em falantes chineses de inglês como L2. Em inglês, você pode mostrar discordância ao dizer ‘sim, ele \foi’. Em chinês, no entanto, ‘sim’ sempre significa concordância. Falantes chineses normalmente expressam discordância ao dizer ‘Não, ele foi’, o que potencialmente pode causar um mal-entendido. Nós investigamos como a introdução de ‘instruções prosódicas’ para chineses aprendizes de L2 pode aprimorar a competência pragmática e a vigilância epistêmica através de um estudo de intervenção com uma combinação de metodologias que envolvem testes de recepção, testes de compreensão oral e testes de recordação. Os estudos mostram (i) a necessidade de instruções que coloquem o aprendiz de L2 em um papel direto de ouvinte a fim de que sua atenção selecione as pistas ostensivas do falante e as use em seu processo deinterpretação e (ii) a importância de melhorar as instruções de compreensão inferencial partindo de estudos de L2 baseados na relevância

Miss F. Lousie Madella ; [James Meredith] to Mr. James H. Meredith ; Mr. Downs (3 October 1962 ; 28 December 1962)

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/mercorr_pro/1233/thumbnail.jp