Impacts of water availability and plant density on morpho-physiological characteristics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Saabunud / Received 01.05.2022 ; Aktsepteeritud / Accepted 17.07.2022 ; Avaldatud veebis / Published online 17.07.2022 ; Vastutav autor / Corresponding author: Mojtaba Hassanzadehdelouei ; [email protected] density and water availability are the most important factors determining the yield of crops and medicinal plants. To investigate the effect of these two factors and their interaction on the yield and morpho-physiological characteristics of fenugreek, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 2020. Water availability (favourable conditions, mild stress and severe stress) were placed in main plots and plant densities (22, 44 and 66 plants m2 –1 ) were placed in subplots. The results showed a three-fold increase in plant density under optimal moisture conditions increased grain yield from 998 to 1 380 kg ha–1 and biological yield from 2 600 to 3 259 kg ha–1 , respectively, while in mild and severe water stress, did not affect grain yield and biological yield. In all three moisture conditions, a 3-fold increase in plant density reduced the number of seeds per pod and a 2-fold increase in plant density reduced the number of pods per plant. Although in some crops, the increase in density under water stress conditions can compensate for the decrease in yield, in fenugreek, the increase in density under water stress conditions was not beneficial for the plant. Increasing the density to medium (44 plants m2 –1 ) reduces the source strength and applying high density through sink restriction causes a decrease in yield. On the other hand, moisture limitation by reducing the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and the number of seeds per plant reduced the size of the sink and the mass of 1 000 seeds, which indicates the strength of the source, was not affected

Characterizing The SINR in Poisson Network Using Factorial Moment

Usually, cellular networks are modeled by placingeach tier (e.g macro, pico and relay nodes) deterministicallyon a grid. When calculating the metric performances suchas coverage probability, these networks are idealized for notconsidering the interference. Overcoming such limitation byrealistic models is much appreciated. This paper considered two-tier two-hop cellular network, each tier is consisting of two-hoprelay transmission, relay nodes are relaying the message to theusers that are in the cell edge. In addition, the locations of therelays, base stations (BSs), and users nodes are modeled as a pointprocess on the plane to study the two hop downlink performance.Then, we obtain a tractable model for the k-coverage probabilityfor the heterogeneous network consisting of the two-tier network.Stochastic geometry and point process theory have deployed toinvestigate the proposed two-hop scheme. The obtained resultsdemonstrate the effectiveness and analytical tractability to studythe heterogeneous performance

Characterizing The SINR in Poisson Network Using Factorial Moment

Usually, cellular networks are modeled by placingeach tier (e.g macro, pico and relay nodes) deterministicallyon a grid. When calculating the metric performances suchas coverage probability, these networks are idealized for notconsidering the interference. Overcoming such limitation byrealistic models is much appreciated. This paper considered two-tier two-hop cellular network, each tier is consisting of two-hoprelay transmission, relay nodes are relaying the message to theusers that are in the cell edge. In addition, the locations of therelays, base stations (BSs), and users nodes are modeled as a pointprocess on the plane to study the two hop downlink performance.Then, we obtain a tractable model for the k-coverage probabilityfor the heterogeneous network consisting of the two-tier network.Stochastic geometry and point process theory have deployed toinvestigate the proposed two-hop scheme. The obtained resultsdemonstrate the effectiveness and analytical tractability to studythe heterogeneous performance

Particle size of a new endodontic cement compared to Root MTA and calcium hydroxide

INTRODUCTION: Particle size and distribution can influence the properties of materials. This study analyzed and compared the particle size of Root MTA, calcium hydroxide (CH), and a new endodontic cement called calcium enriched material (CEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The particle size of each material was analyzed three times using 0.05 mg of test material with a particle size analyzer. The particle size distribution ranges, the cumulative percentage and the mean of particle sizes were calculated. One-way ANOVA, Tukey, and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Results demonstrated that the distribution of particles was dissimilar. Particle mean size in the three different materials was not significantly different. However, the cumulative percentage of CH and CEM cement particles size demonstrated significant difference (P<0.05). Among the various particle size distributions, the particle distribution in the size range of ≤30 μm showed significant difference between materials (P<0.05). Interestingly, the smallest range of particle size belonged to CEM cement. CONCLUSION: The high percentage of small particles found in CEM cement provides desirable properties such as effective seal, good setting time and film thickness in addition to favorable flow and adaptability

Robot-Assisted Drilling on Curved Surfaces with Haptic Guidance under Adaptive Admittance Control

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [EEEAG-117E645]This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under contract number EEEAG-117E645Drilling a hole on a curved surface with a desired angle is prone to failure when done manually, due to the difficulties in drill alignment and also inherent instabilities of the task, potentially causing injury and fatigue to the workers. On the other hand, it can be impractical to fully automate such a task in real manufacturing environments because the parts arriving at an assembly line can have various complex shapes where drill point locations are not easily accessible, making automated path planning difficult. In this work, an adaptive admittance controller with 6 degrees of freedom is developed and deployed on a KUKA LBR iiwa 7 cobot such that the operator is able to manipulate a drill mounted on the robot with one hand comfortably and open holes on a curved surface with haptic guidance of the cobot and visual guidance provided through an AR interface. Real-time adaptation of the admittance damping provides more transparency when driving the robot in free space while ensuring stability during drilling. After the user brings the drill sufficiently close to the drill target and roughly aligns to the desired drilling angle, the haptic guidance module fine tunes the alignment first and then constrains the user movement to the drilling axis only, after which the operator simply pushes the drill into the workpiece with minimal effort. Two sets of experiments were conducted to investigate the potential benefits of the haptic guidance module quantitatively (Experiment I) and also the practical value of the proposed pHRI system for real manufacturing settings based on the subjective opinion of the participants (Experiment II). The results of Experiment I, conducted with 3 naive participants, show that the haptic guidance improves task completion time by 26% while decreasing human effort by 16% and muscle activation levels by 27% compared to no haptic guidance condition. The results of Experiment II, conducted with 3 experienced industrial workers, show that the proposed system is perceived to be easy to use, safe, and helpful in carrying out the drilling task.IEEE,Royal Soc Japan,IEEE Robot & Automat Soc,IES,SICE,New Technol FdnWOS:0009083682021152-s2.0-85146352560Conference Proceedings Citation Index – ScienceProceedings PaperUluslararası işbirliği ile yapılmayan - HAYIRMart2022YÖK - 2022-2

Is Urinary Interleukin-8 a Marker of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children?

Introduction: Developing non-invasive but accurate methods to diagnose vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is in progress. Cytokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), are important mediators in inflammatory responses and are demonstrated to change during UTI and pyelonephritis, as well. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the differences of IL-8 in children with UTI compared to children with and without VUR to assess if it can be hypothesized to be an appropriate diagnostic marker in children with VUR.Materials and Methods: We evaluated urine levels of IL-8 in 41 children aged 1 to 60 months who recovered from UTI for a minimum duration of 2-3 weeks. They were divided into 2groups: A and B (with and without VUR, respectively). Additionally, a group of normal children was considered as the control group (group C). Urine IL-8 levels were measured for the three groups and corrected for urine creatinine (Cr) (IL-8/Cr). Afterwards, they were compared using One-Way ANOVA test.Results: The mean IL-8/Cr level was 81.7 ± 90.1 in group A, 289.8±640.2 in group B, and 9.6 ± 12.2 in group C with no significant difference (p=0.056).Conclusions: Our finding suggests there is no significant difference in urine IL-8/Cr levels between patients with and without VUR and therefore, we cannot propose IL-8 as a diagnostic marker for VUR. Keywords: Interleukin-8; Pediatrics; Pyelonephritis; Urinary Tract Infections; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Radiologic features of radiolucent foreign bodies ingestion in common mynah (Acridotheres tristis).

BACKGROUND In mynahs with foreign body ingestion, delayed diagnosis increases the risk of poor outcomes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate various radiologic features on plain and contrast radiographs in mynahs for assessing the presence of ingested foreign bodies. METHODS In our cross-sectional study, a total of 41 mynahs were included. The diagnosis was made by history, surgery, excision by forceps or excretion in the faeces. Overall, 21 mynahs were considered not to have a foreign body in their gastrointestinal tract. Plain and post-contrast [oral administration of barium sulphate colloidal suspension of 25% weight/volume (20 mg/kg)] lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs from the cervical and coelomic cavity were taken. Different parameters including oesophageal, proventricular, and small intestinal diameters and opacities were assessed. Image evaluation was performed by two national board-certified radiologists blinded to the final diagnoses. RESULTS The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of the diagnostic features were significant (p < 0.001). The diagnosis of the foreign body was highly accurate [90.2% (95% CI: 76.9%, 92.3%)] with the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the representative characteristic curve of 90.0%, 90.5%, and 0.93%, respectively for plain radiographs. The size and opacity of the oesophagus, proventriculus, and intestinal loops as well as serosal details were significantly different between mynahs with and without foreign body intake (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lateral and ventrodorsal plain radiographs are highly reliable for diagnosing the presence of non-opaque obstructing objects in the gastrointestinal tract of mynahs. Attention should be paid to the size and opacity of the oesophagus, extension, and opacity of the proventriculus, segmental opacity of intestinal loops, and decrease in serosal details

Maximum Wireless Power Transmission Using Real-Time Single Iteration Adaptive Impedance Matching

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems’ efficiency is significantly impacted by non-monotonic variations in the coupling coefficient. For very short distances or strong-coupling cases, the WPT efficiency is minimal at the natural resonant frequency, with two peaks around this frequency, known as the frequency splitting phenomenon. On the other hand, WPT capability decreases for long distances or weak coupling cases. Therefore, adaptive matching is required for WPT systems with varying distances, like wireless charging systems for electric vehicles (EVs). This paper first presents a detailed analysis of the frequency splitting phenomenon by studying the root locations of the WPT system’s transfer function. Then, a real-time fixed-frequency adaptive impedance matching (IM) method is proposed, in which the amplitude and phase of the input impedance is estimated using the average active power, the average reactive power, and the amplitude of input voltage. Unlike traditional search-and-find techniques, the proposed method calculates the optimal IM network parameters only in a single iteration, which improves the convergent speed. A scaled-down 20-Watt prototype controlled by the TMSF2812 is fabricated and used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method over a wide range of coil-to-coil distances

Intranasal versus Intramuscular/Intravenous Naloxone for Pre-hospital Opioid Overdose: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Context: The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to perform an extensive search in databases to compare the efficacy of the intranasal administration of naloxone with its intramuscular/intravenous administration in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose.&nbsp;Evidence acquisition: This meta-analysis included controlled trials conducted on the efficacy of naloxone administration in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose. A search was carried out in electronic databases on relevant articles published by the end of 2018. After data collection, analyses were performed in STATA 14.0 software and the efficacy and side-effects of the two administration routes of naloxone, i.e. intranasal and intramuscular/intravenous, were compared. An overall effect size with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was provided for each section.&nbsp;Results: Eventually, data from six studies were included in this meta-analysis. The success rate of the intranasal and intramuscular/intravenous administration of naloxone in the management of opioid overdose in pre-hospital settings was 82.54% (95% CI: 57.97 to 97.89%) and 80.39% (95% CI: 57.38 to 96.04%), respectively. There was no difference between injectable (intramuscular/intravenous) naloxone and intranasal naloxone in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose (Odds Ratio=1.01; 95% CI: 0.42 to 2.43; P=0.98). The onset of action of intranasal naloxone, however, was slightly longer than injectable naloxone (Standardized Mean Difference=0.63; 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.19; P=0.03). Additionally, the odds of needing a rescue dose was 2.17 times higher for intranasal naloxone than intramuscular/intravenous naloxone (OR=2.17; 95% CI: 1.53 to 3.09; P&lt;0.0001). The prevalence of major side-effects was non-significant for both intranasal (0.00%) and intramuscular/intravenous (0.05%) routes of naloxone administration and there was no difference in the prevalence of major (OR=1.18; 95% CI: 0.38 to 3.69; P=0.777) and minor (OR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.17 to 2.34; P=0.497) side-effects between the two routes.&nbsp;Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrated that intranasal naloxone is as effective as injectable naloxone in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose complications. Consequently, intranasal naloxone may be an appropriate alternative to injectable naloxone

Intranasal versus Intramuscular/Intravenous Naloxone for Pre-hospital Opioid Overdose: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Context: The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to perform an extensive search in databases to compare the efficacy of the intranasal administration of naloxone with its intramuscular/intravenous administration in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose.&nbsp;Evidence acquisition: This meta-analysis included controlled trials conducted on the efficacy of naloxone administration in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose. A search was carried out in electronic databases on relevant articles published by the end of 2018. After data collection, analyses were performed in STATA 14.0 software and the efficacy and side-effects of the two administration routes of naloxone, i.e. intranasal and intramuscular/intravenous, were compared. An overall effect size with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was provided for each section.&nbsp;Results: Eventually, data from six studies were included in this meta-analysis. The success rate of the intranasal and intramuscular/intravenous administration of naloxone in the management of opioid overdose in pre-hospital settings was 82.54% (95% CI: 57.97 to 97.89%) and 80.39% (95% CI: 57.38 to 96.04%), respectively. There was no difference between injectable (intramuscular/intravenous) naloxone and intranasal naloxone in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose (Odds Ratio=1.01; 95% CI: 0.42 to 2.43; P=0.98). The onset of action of intranasal naloxone, however, was slightly longer than injectable naloxone (Standardized Mean Difference=0.63; 95% CI: 0.07 to 1.19; P=0.03). Additionally, the odds of needing a rescue dose was 2.17 times higher for intranasal naloxone than intramuscular/intravenous naloxone (OR=2.17; 95% CI: 1.53 to 3.09; P&lt;0.0001). The prevalence of major side-effects was non-significant for both intranasal (0.00%) and intramuscular/intravenous (0.05%) routes of naloxone administration and there was no difference in the prevalence of major (OR=1.18; 95% CI: 0.38 to 3.69; P=0.777) and minor (OR=0.64; 95% CI: 0.17 to 2.34; P=0.497) side-effects between the two routes.&nbsp;Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrated that intranasal naloxone is as effective as injectable naloxone in the pre-hospital management of opioid overdose complications. Consequently, intranasal naloxone may be an appropriate alternative to injectable naloxone