Cardiac Hydatid Cyst in a Child

Cardiac hydatid cyst is a rare disease, especially in children. An 11-year-old boy with a previous anaphylactic reaction and episodes of abdominal pain was admitted for workup of an acquired long systolic murmur. Echocardiographic investigation disclosed a tumor of the right ventricular anterior wall, with multiple loculations. Magnetic resonance imaging characterized it as a multilobular tumor with cyst formation and disclosed another cyst in the right pulmonary artery. With a positive ELISA reaction the child was admitted for surgery with the diagnosis of cardiac and pulmonary hydatid cysts. Cardiac surgery was performed with good results, followed by medical treatment with albendazole

Mercapturate Pathway in the Tubulocentric Perspective of Diabetic Kidney Disease

BACKGROUND: The recent growing evidence that the proximal tubule underlies the early pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unveiling novel and promising perspectives. This pathophysiological concept links tubulointerstitial oxidative stress, inflammation, hypoxia, and fibrosis with the progression of DKD. In this new angle for DKD, the prevailing molecular mechanisms on proximal tubular cells emerge as an innovative opportunity for prevention and management of DKD as well as to improve diabetic dysmetabolism. SUMMARY: The mercapturate pathway (MAP) is a classical metabolic detoxification route for xenobiotics that is emerging as an integrative circuitry detrimental to resolve tubular inflammation caused by endogenous electrophilic species. Herein we review why and how it might underlie DKD. Key Messages: MAP is a hallmark of proximal tubular cell function, and cysteine-S-conjugates might represent targets for early intervention in DKD. Moreover, the biomonitoring of urinary mercapturates from metabolic inflammation products might be relevant for the implementation of preventive/management strategies in DKD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mass spectrometry imaging identifies palmitoylcarnitine as an immunological mediator during Salmonella Typhimurium infection

Salmonella Typhimurium causes a self-limiting gastroenteritis that may lead to systemic disease. Bacteria invade the small intestine, crossing the intestinal epithelium from where they are transported to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) within migrating immune cells. MLNs are an important site at which the innate and adaptive immune responses converge but their architecture and function is severely disrupted during S. Typhimurium infection. To further understand host-pathogen interactions at this site, we used mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to analyse MLN tissue from a murine model of S. Typhimurium infection. A molecule, identified as palmitoylcarnitine (PalC), was of particular interest due to its high abundance at loci of S. Typhimurium infection and MLN disruption. High levels of PalC localised to sites within the MLNs where B and T cells were absent and where the perimeter of CD169+ sub capsular sinus macrophages was disrupted. MLN cells cultured ex vivo and treated with PalC had reduced CD4+CD25+ T cells and an increased number of B220+CD19+ B cells. The reduction in CD4+CD25+ T cells was likely due to apoptosis driven by increased caspase-3/7 activity. These data indicate that PalC significantly alters the host response in the MLNs, acting as a decisive factor in infection outcome

Guidelines of the Brazilian Association of Studies on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ABEAD) for diagnoses and treatment of psychiatric comorbidity with alcohol and other drugs dependence

Recently, several studies have focused on comorbity psychiatric disorders with alcohol and other substance dependence. The Brazilian Association of Studies on Alcohol and Other Drugs proposed the Brazilian Guidelines project. This study review diagnostic and therapeutic criteria to the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidities. Randomized clinical trials, epidemiological, animal studies and other forms of research are reviewed. The main psychiatric comorbidities are studied based on guidelines adopted by other countries and the literature data resumed. Epidemiological aspects, diagnoses, integrated treatment and service organization, as well as specific psychotherapic and pharmacological treatment are discussed. The Brazilian Association of Studies on Alcohol and Other Drugs Guidelines reassures the importance of adequate diagnoses and treatment regarding alcoholic and drug dependent patients suffering of comorbid psychiatric disorders.O diagnóstico e tratamento de comorbidade psiquiátrica e dependência de álcool e outras substâncias tem sido objeto de inúmeros estudos nos últimos anos. A Associação Brasileira de Estudos do Álcool e Outras Drogas desenvolveu o projeto Diretrizes. Este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de critérios diagnósticos e terapêuticos atualizados para as comorbidades psiquiátricas mais prevalentes. Ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos epidemiológicos, com animais e outros estudos são revisados. As principais comorbidades psiquiátricas são estudadas e os dados de literatura resumidos, tendo como referência diretrizes adotadas em outros países. São abordados aspectos epidemiológicos, critérios diagnósticos, tratamento integrado e organização de serviço especializado, assim como especificidades do tratamento psicoterápico e farmacológico. As Diretrizes da Associação Brasileira de Estudos do Álcool e Outras Drogas reforçam a importância da abordagem adequada do dependente químico portador de comorbidade psiquiátrica.Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Núcleo de PsiquiatriaInstituto de Psiquiatria de Santa CatarinaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Unidade de Pesquisa em Álcool e DrogasSanta Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo Unidade de Álcool e DrogasUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClinicasCentro de Atendimento Médico e SocialHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSanta Casa do Rio de Janeiro Setor de Dependência QuímicaUniversidade Gama FilhoUNIFESP, Unidade de Pesquisa em Álcool e DrogasSciEL

Exploring new physics frontiers through numerical relativity

The demand to obtain answers to highly complex problems within strong-field gravity has been met with significant progress in the numerical solution of Einstein's equations - along with some spectacular results - in various setups. We review techniques for solving Einstein's equations in generic spacetimes, focusing on fully nonlinear evolutions but also on how to benchmark those results with perturbative approaches. The results address problems in high-energy physics, holography, mathematical physics, fundamental physics, astrophysics and cosmology

Assessment of the degree of satisfaction of physical therapy students with the academic experience

Introduction The demand for higher education in Brazil has grown in recent decades, leading to teaching, pedagogical and structural changes in the public and private education sectors. Assessments of academic experience evaluate the quality of services provided within the fields of learning, relationships and infrastructure. Objective To assess the degree of satisfaction with their academic experience of students from all years of the undergraduate physical therapy course. Materials and Methods Cross-sectional research with 137 students from four years of the physical therapy course. The Scale of Satisfaction with Academic Experience was used, which contains 35 questions and is divided into three dimensions. Results The 1st-year students were the most satisfied (121.43 ± 18.68), followed by the 3rd-year (118.97 ± 25.37), then the 2nd (118.50 ± 28.28) and 4th-year students (103.02 ± 28.66). Conclusion The results were consistent with the literature regarding the limited experience of 1st-year students within the institution, which influences their evaluation, as it shows an incipient interaction with problems that permeate the course. On the other hand, the 4th-year students showed a more critical view due to the expectations of the fight for a place in the labor market

The M3GE project: developing beef cattle multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for sustainability traits and small populations.

Sustainability traits, such as feed efficiency and enteric methane emissions, are difficult and expensive to measure. Establishing a large national reference population is therefore challenging, and pooling data across countries in a joint international evaluation would be beneficial. In beef cattle, data on sustainability traits are collected across multiple breeds and in small populations, including crossbred animals of various breed composition. In such scenarios, genomic prediction requires modelling the individuals’ different genetic background. Additionally, including available data on correlated indicator traits could improve the accuracy of genomic prediction for sustainability traits. However, current international beef cattle evaluations led by Interbeef are pedigree‐based, performed within each breed separately, and use data from one trait, or one group of traits, at a time. The “M3GE” project aims to develop multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for beef cattle, focusing on sustainability traits and small populations. The project is the result of a collaboration between WUR, ICAR (the Netherlands), Interbull Centre (Sweden), ICBF (Ireland), AHDB, SRUC (Great Britain), and FedANA (Italy), involving six national breeding organisations from three countries. The aims of this paper are to: i) present the M3GE project and its objectives, ii) give an overview of the status of collecting and modelling feed efficiency across participating organisations, and iii) present the first results of the project. Pedigree, phenotypic, and genomic data for feed efficiency, longevity, and associated indicator traits have been collected using the Interbull Centre’s GenoEx-GDE and IDEA platforms. Initial work will focus on feed efficiency for which individual direct measures have been collected on ~13K phenotyped animals (~9K of which are genotyped), from over 15 different breeds and crossbreds recorded in Great Britain, Ireland, and Italy. The first steps include the imputation of collected genotypes to a common reference panel, population structure analysis, estimation of connectedness measures across populations, and estimation of genetic correlations across countries. The final step is to develop an international multi-breed single-step evaluation for feed efficiency including crossbred animals. This project contributes to the development of sustainable genomic evaluations in beef cattle for large and small populations

The M3GE project: developing beef cattle multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for sustainability traits and small populations.

Sustainability traits, such as feed efficiency and enteric methane emissions, are difficult and expensive to measure. Establishing a large national reference population is therefore challenging, and pooling data across countries in a joint international evaluation would be beneficial. In beef cattle, data on sustainability traits are collected across multiple breeds and in small populations, including crossbred animals of various breed composition. In such scenarios, genomic prediction requires modelling the individuals’ different genetic background. Additionally, including available data on correlated indicator traits could improve the accuracy of genomic prediction for sustainability traits. However, current international beef cattle evaluations led by Interbeef are pedigree‐based, performed within each breed separately, and use data from one trait, or one group of traits, at a time. The “M3GE” project aims to develop multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for beef cattle, focusing on sustainability traits and small populations. The project is the result of a collaboration between WUR, ICAR (the Netherlands), Interbull Centre (Sweden), ICBF (Ireland), AHDB, SRUC (Great Britain), and FedANA (Italy), involving six national breeding organisations from three countries. The aims of this paper are to: i) present the M3GE project and its objectives, ii) give an overview of the status of collecting and modelling feed efficiency across participating organisations, and iii) present the first results of the project. Pedigree, phenotypic, and genomic data for feed efficiency, longevity, and associated indicator traits have been collected using the Interbull Centre’s GenoEx-GDE and IDEA platforms. Initial work will focus on feed efficiency for which individual direct measures have been collected on ~13K phenotyped animals (~9K of which are genotyped), from over 15 different breeds and crossbreds recorded in Great Britain, Ireland, and Italy. The first steps include the imputation of collected genotypes to a common reference panel, population structure analysis, estimation of connectedness measures across populations, and estimation of genetic correlations across countries. The final step is to develop an international multi-breed single-step evaluation for feed efficiency including crossbred animals. This project contributes to the development of sustainable genomic evaluations in beef cattle for large and small populations

The M3GE project: developing beef cattle multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for sustainability traits and small populations.

Sustainability traits, such as feed efficiency and enteric methane emissions, are difficult and expensive to measure. Establishing a large national reference population is therefore challenging, and pooling data across countries in a joint international evaluation would be beneficial. In beef cattle, data on sustainability traits are collected across multiple breeds and in small populations, including crossbred animals of various breed composition. In such scenarios, genomic prediction requires modelling the individuals’ different genetic background. Additionally, including available data on correlated indicator traits could improve the accuracy of genomic prediction for sustainability traits. However, current international beef cattle evaluations led by Interbeef are pedigree‐based, performed within each breed separately, and use data from one trait, or one group of traits, at a time. The “M3GE” project aims to develop multi-trait multi-breed multi-country genomic evaluations for beef cattle, focusing on sustainability traits and small populations. The project is the result of a collaboration between WUR, ICAR (the Netherlands), Interbull Centre (Sweden), ICBF (Ireland), AHDB, SRUC (Great Britain), and FedANA (Italy), involving six national breeding organisations from three countries. The aims of this paper are to: i) present the M3GE project and its objectives, ii) give an overview of the status of collecting and modelling feed efficiency across participating organisations, and iii) present the first results of the project. Pedigree, phenotypic, and genomic data for feed efficiency, longevity, and associated indicator traits have been collected using the Interbull Centre’s GenoEx-GDE and IDEA platforms. Initial work will focus on feed efficiency for which individual direct measures have been collected on ~13K phenotyped animals (~9K of which are genotyped), from over 15 different breeds and crossbreds recorded in Great Britain, Ireland, and Italy. The first steps include the imputation of collected genotypes to a common reference panel, population structure analysis, estimation of connectedness measures across populations, and estimation of genetic correlations across countries. The final step is to develop an international multi-breed single-step evaluation for feed efficiency including crossbred animals. This project contributes to the development of sustainable genomic evaluations in beef cattle for large and small populations