História das Santas Casas na Assistência à Saúde Mental mineira no século XIX

  O presente artigo buscou investigar a participação das Santas Casas de Misericórdia na assistência aos alienados em Minas Gerais, no século XIX. Para isto, foi realizado o levantamento das Santas Casas de Misericórdia, identificando aquelas que assistiram os “alienados” no período enfocado, de modo a retomar o processo histórico de constituição da assistência em Minas Gerais. As Santas Casas existentes no Brasil e em Minas Gerais tiveram um papel ativo desde o início do período colonial no acolhimento aos sujeitos com agravos à saúde ou com alguma queixa social. Concluiu-se que, entre as 24 Santas Casas apontadas pela literatura, há informação de que somente as Santas Casas de São João del-Rei e a de Diamantina realizaram atendimento relevante aos alienados. A Santa Casa de Caridade de Diamantina, inclusive, chegou a criar o Hospício da Diamantina, que funcionou entre os anos de 1889 e 1906. A “Misericórdia”, no processo de acolhimento aos alienados em Minas Gerais, se deu de forma muito específica, operando por meio da presença de Irmãs de Caridade e de suas práticas, mas também por meio da prática de leigos, no diálogo com premissas cristãs de “Caridade”. Identifica-se a relevância da discussão do legado religioso, privado, na constituição dos primeiros desenhos de políticas no campo da Psiquiatria clássica. Palavras-chave: Santas Casas, Assistência a alienados, Saúde mental, Psiquiatria.

The clinical impact of MTHFR polymorphism on the vascular complications of sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most common inherited diseases in the world and the patients present notorious clinical heterogeneity. It is known that patients with SCD present activation of the blood coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, especially during vaso-occlusive crises, but also during the steady state of the disease. We determined if the presence of the factor V gene G1691A mutation (factor V Leiden), the prothrombin gene G20210A variant, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism may be risk factors for vascular complications in individuals with SCD. We studied 53 patients with SCD (60% being women), 29 with SS (sickle cell anemia; 28 years, range: 13-52 years) and 24 with SC (sickle-hemoglobin C disease; 38.5 years, range: 17-72 years) hemoglobinopathy. Factor V Leiden, MTHFR C677T polymorphism, and prothrombin G20210A variant were identified by PCR followed by further digestion of the PCR product with specific endonucleases. The following vascular complications were recorded: stroke, retinopathy, acute thoracic syndrome, and X-ray-documented avascular necrosis. Only one patient was heterozygous for factor V Leiden (1.8%) and there was no prothrombin G20210A variant. MTHFR 677TT polymorphism was detected in 1 patient (1.8%) and the heterozygous form 677TC was observed in 18 patients (34%, 9 with SS and 9 with SC disease), a prevalence similar to that reported by others. No association was detected between the presence of the MTHFR 677T allele and other genetic modulation factors, such as alpha-thalassemia, ß-globin gene haplotype and fetal hemoglobin. The presence of the MTHFR 677T allele was associated with the occurrence of vascular complications in SCD, although this association was not significant when each complication was considered separately. In conclusion, MTHFR C677T polymorphism might be a risk factor for vascular complications in SCD.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de Hematologia e HemoterapiaUNIFESP, Paulista de Medicina Disciplina de Hematologia e HemoterapiaSciEL

Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Ulcers: A Systematic Review

Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs) are the most common lesion found in the oral cavity. There is no definitive cure for RAUs and current treatments are aimed at minimizing symptoms. Since low-level laser therapy (LLLT) modulates inflammatory responses, and promotes pain reduction and cellular biostimulation, LLLT can be suggested as an alternative treatment for RAUs. The literature concerning the potential of LLLT in the treatment of RAUs was evaluated. A systematic literature review identified 22 publications, of which only 2 studies were adopted. The eligibility criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Both RCTs achieved significant results concerning LLLT and pain-level reductions and reduced healing times. Despite the variance in irradiation conditions applied in both studies, very similar wavelengths were adopted. There is accordingly strong evidence that wavelength plays an important role in RAU treatment. Taking into account the different parameters applied by selected RCTs, it is not possible to suggest that a specific protocol should be used. However, in light of the significant results found in both studies, LLLT can be suggested as an alternative for RAU treatment. Additional RCTs should be performed in order to reach a clinical protocol and better understand the application of LLLT in RAU treatment

Qualidade de sementes de cafeeiro produzidas em diferentes densidades de plantio e regimes hídricos

The water availability during the seed formation of various species is one of the factors that determine their physiological quality. For species such as coffee, seed quality can ensure the production of vigorous and healthy plants, essential to the formation of productive crops. To assess the quality of coffee (Coffea arabica, L.) seeds cultivar Rubi MG-1192, grown under two planting densities (2500 plants ha-1 and 5000 plants ha-1) and submitted to three drip irrigation systems (control, 20 kPa and 100 kPa) in the course of three harvests (first, second and third years of production) a completely randomized experimental block design was used, in a split-plot with four replications. The seeds were  evaluated as to their physical and physiological quality through tests of germination, tetrazolium, bulk electrical conductivity, seedling emergence and percentage of “moca” and damaged seeds . The most vigorous seeds were obtained within the plant density of 5000 plants ha-1 regardless of the season and the irrigation system. There is an effect of planting density and water availability on seed quality, and this effect is variable depending on climatic conditions, productivity and age of the plant.A disponibilidade hídrica durante a formação das sementes de várias espécies é um dos fatores que determinam a sua qualidade fisiológica. No caso de espécies como o café, sementes de alta qualidade podem garantir a produção de mudas vigorosas e sadias, imprescindíveis para a formação de lavouras produtivas. Para avaliar a qualidade de sementes de café (Coffea arabica, L.) da cultivar Rubi MG-1192, produzidas sob duas densidades de plantio (2500 plantas ha-1 e 5000 plantas ha-1) e submetidas a três regimes de irrigação por gotejamento (testemunha, 20 kPa e 100 kPa), no decorrer de três safras (primeiro, segundo e terceiro anos de produção) utilizaram-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados e parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As sementes foram avaliadas em sua qualidade fisiológica e física pelos testes de germinação, tetrazólio, condutividade elétrica em massa, emergência de plântulas e percentual de grãos moca e brocados. Sementes com maior vigor foram obtidas de plantas conduzidas na densidade de 5000 plantas ha-1, independentemente do ano agrícola e do sistema de irrigação. Há efeito da densidade de semeadura e da disponibilidade hídrica na qualidade de sementes de café e esse efeito é variável em função das condições climáticas, produtividade e idade da planta

Cytotoxicity of substances leached from a root canal sealer based on mineral trioxide aggregate

Objetivo: Com base nas características biológicas e físico-químicas do agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA), este seria o material mais adequado para a obturação do canal radicular. No entanto, esse material apresenta baixo escoamento e, consequentemente, difícil manipulação. O MTA Fillapex (MTA-F) foi criado na tentativa de combinar as propriedades físico-químicas do cimento endodôntico com as propriedades biológicas do MTA. No entanto, os estudos sobre as características biológicas do MTA-F ainda são controversos. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar in vitro a citotoxicidade do MTA-F. Materiais e Métodos: fi broblastos gengivais foram cultivados em Dulbecco’s modifi ed Eagle Medium (DMEM) e submetidos ao meio de cultura condicionado pelo MTA ou MTA-F. Esse meio condicionado continha substâncias liberadas pelos cimentos endodônticos. Células cultivadas em meio fresco serviram como controle positivo. A viabilidade celular foi avaliada por ensaio do MTT após 1, 3, 5 e 7 dias. Os dados obtidos foram comparados por análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Resultados: As células submetidas ao meio condicionado pelo MTA apresentaram curva de crescimento celular semelhante à das células do grupo controle. Para o grupo MTA-F, não houve crescimento celular e foi observado um número de células viáveis significativamente menor do que o dos demais grupos durante todo o experimento. Conclusão: Substâncias liberadas a partir de MTA-F não permitiram o crescimento celular, mostrando que esse cimento endodôntico à base de MTA é altamente citotóxico. A característica de biocompatibilidade do MTA pode ser perdida com o MTA-F e comprometer o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico.Aim: Based on its biological and physicochemical characteristics, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) could be considered the most appropriate material for root canal obturation; nevertheless, handling of MTA is not easy. The MTA Fillapex (MTA-F) was created in an attempt to combine the physicochemical properties of a root canal sealer with the biological properties of MTA. However, the studies on the biological characteristics of MTA-F are still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the cytotoxicity of MTA-F. Materials and Methods: Cultured human gingival fi broblasts were grown in Dulbecco’s modifi ed Eagle Medium (DMEM) and submitted to a cell culture medium conditioned by MTA or MTA-F. The conditioned medium contained substances leached from the root canal sealers. Cells grown on a fresh medium served as a positive control. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. Data was compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results: Cells submitted to media conditioned by MTA presented a cell growth curve similar to that of the control cells. For the MTA-F group, cell growth was not observed and cell viability was signifi cantly lower than for the other groups during the entire experiment. Conclusion: Substances leached from MTA-F did not allow cell growth, indicating that this MTA-based root sealer is highly cytotoxic. The biocompatibility characteristic of MTA can be lost with MTA-F, and may compromise the endodontic treatment outcome

Desenvolvimento de material didático pedagógico para a disciplina de costura industrial: integrando vestuário e esportes por meio do projeto costura perfeita / Development of pedagogical teaching material for the discipline of industrial sewing: integrating clothing and sports through the perfect sewing project

O referido projeto de pesquisa possuiu finalidade didático-pedagógica e visou contribuir para o bom desempenho dos alunos do curso Técnico Integrado em Vestuário do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, câmpus Araranguá, na disciplina de Costura Industrial. O projeto teve por objetivo elaborar material didático-pedagógico para auxiliar e orientar a habilidade de costureiro industrial dos alunos em utilizar corretamente máquinas de costura específicas para a confecção de produtos do vestuário destinados para a prática de esportes, otimizando os equipamentos dos laboratórios de costura e contribuindo para o êxito na formação dos alunos envolvidos nas atividades de ensino e para a conclusão da Unidade Curricular

Assessment of quality of life, stress, anxiety and coping in u-20 soccer players

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida, os níveis de estresse, ansiedade e habilidades de coping de jogadores de futebol de campo da categoria sub-20. Participaram do estudo 23 atletas de futebol da categoria sub-20 de um clube de futebol da primeira divisão do estado de São Paulo, que responderam instrumentos de autorrelato. Os resultados mostraram que os atletas apresentaram bons indicadores de qualidade de vida, baixos níveis de estresse e de ansiedade e bom repertório de coping.Palavras-chave: futebol, qualidade de vida, coping.The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life, stress, anxiety, and coping in under-20 soccer players of a Brazilian first division club. 23 under-20 soccer players of a Brazilian first division club of São Paulo state participated of the study, responding to self-report tools. The results showed that athletes had good levels of quality of life, low levels of stress and anxiety and good coping skills.Keywords: soccer, quality of life, coping

Second Mesiobuccal Root Canal of Maxillary First Molars in a Brazilian Population in High-Resolution Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Introduction: The second canal of the mesiobuccal root (MB2) of the maxillary first molars (MFM) is difficult to detect in conventional radiographs and can be a major cause of failure in endodontic treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and anatomy of the MB2 by using high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods and Materials: Three radiologists examined 414 high-resolution CBCTs. Of these, the CBCTs of 287 patients (mean age 49.43±16.76) who had at least one MFM were selected, making a total of 362 teeth. Prevalence and its relation with gender and age of the patients, side of the tooth, and Vertucci’s classification were analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed (P<0.05). Results: A total of 68.23% of the teeth exhibited the MB2. The presence of the MB2 was equivalent in both genders and significantly higher in younger patients. There was no correlation between the presence of the MB2 in relation to both the sides of the MFM and the FOV size. Smaller FOV recognized higher Vertucci’s grades. Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalence of the MB2 canal in maxillary first molars in this Brazilian population examined with high-resolution CBTCs is 68.23%, being more prevalent in young patients. Gender and the side examined are no factors for determining the presence of MB2. Although the both FOVs of the high-resolution CBTCs (FOV 8 and 5) detect the MB2 canal, smaller FOV (FOV 5) is more accurate in the analysis of the internal anatomy of such root canals, according to the Vertucci´s classification.Keywords: Cone-beam Computed Tomography; High Resolution; Maxillary First Molar ; Mesiobuccal Root; High Resolutio

Influence of photobiomodulation therapy on root development of rat molars with open apex and pulp necrosis

This study aimed to evaluate the role of photobiomodulation (PBM) in apexification and apexogenesis of necrotic rat molars with an open apex. Rat molars were exposed to the oral environment for 3 weeks. Canals were rinsed with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, filled with antibiotic paste and sealed. After 7 days, canals were rinsed and divided into six groups (n=6): mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA); blood clot (BC); human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC); MTA+PBM; BC+PBM; and hDPSC+PBM. In hDPSC groups, a 1% agarose gel scaffold was used. Two groups were not exposed: healthy tooth+PBM (n = 6), healthy tooth (n = 3); and one was exposed throughout the experiment: necrotic tooth (n = 3). In PBM groups, irradiation was performed with aluminum gallium indium phosphide (InGaAlP) diode laser for 30 days within 24-h intervals. After that, the specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Necrotic tooth showed greater neutrophil infiltrate (p < 0.05). Necrotic tooth, healthy tooth, and healthy tooth+PBM groups showed absence of a thin layer of fibrous condensation in the periapical area. All the other groups stimulated the formation of a thicker layer of fibers (p < 0.05). All groups formed more mineralized tissue than necrotic tooth (p < 0.05). PBM associated with MTA, BC, or hDPSC formed more mineralized tissue (p < 0.05). MTA+PBM induced apexification (p < 0.05). Rabbit polyclonal anti-bone sialoprotein (BSP) antibody confirmed the histological findings of mineralized tissue formation, and hDPSC groups exhibited higher percentage of BSP-positive cells. It can be concluded that PBM improved apexification and favored apexogenesis in necrotic rat molars with an open apex

Caracterização molecular de videiras de Santa Catarina por marcadores microssatélites

The objective of this work was to characterize the grape germplasm in Santa Catarina, Brazil, using microsatellite DNA markers (simple sequence repeats – SSR). The DNA samples were collected from leaves and shoots of accessions of public and private collections from the counties Urussanga, Nova Trento, Rodeio, São Joaquim, Campos Novos, Videira, and Água Doce. Ten SSR loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62, VrZAG79, VVMD25, VVMD28, VVMD31, and VVMD32) were analysed by capillary electrophoresis. Molecular profiling was conducted for 190 grapevines (European, American, and hybrids), and 67 genotypes were obtained. The data were compared with each other and with those from the literature and from online databases, in order to identify varieties and discover cases of synonymy and homonymy. Forty molecular profiles corresponded to known varieties, while 27 genotypes were described for the first time. The existence of typical germplasm composed mainly of American and hybrid varieties is an important finding for local viticulture. Applications of the results rely on quality control and certification at the nursery level. Increasing precision in the characterization of grapevine genotypes may help breeding programs.O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a diversidade de videiras em Santa Catarina, por meio de marcadores moleculares microssatélites ("simple sequence repeats" – SSR). Amostras de DNA foram coletadas a partir de folhas e ramos de acessos de coleções de germoplasma públicas e privadas, nos municípios de Urussanga, Nova Trento, Rodeio, São Joaquim, Campos Novos, Videira e Água Doce. Dez loci SSR (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VrZAG62, VrZAG79, VVMD25, VVMD28, VVMD31 e VVMD32) foram analisados por eletroforese capilar. Foram produzidos perfis moleculares de 190 acessos de videira (europeus, americanos e híbridos), e 67 genótipos foram individualizados. Os dados foram comparados entre si e com aqueles disponíveis em literatura e em bancos de dados online, para a identificação de correspondências e casos de sinonímia e homonímia. Quarenta perfis moleculares corresponderam a variedades conhecidas, e 27 genótipos foram descritos pela primeira vez. A existência de um germoplasma típico, composto principalmente de variedades americanas e híbridas, é um fator importante para a viticultura local. A aplicação desses resultados poderá contribuir para o controle de qualidade e a certificação de mudas. Além disso, aumentar a precisão no que tange à caracterização genética da videira, auxiliará os programas de melhoramento genético