Avaliação dos viadutos do eixo rodoviário sul de Brasília pela metodologia GDE/UnB

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, 2018.Os viadutos de concreto armado são Obras de Arte Especiais (OAEs) importantes no transporte de cargas e pessoas, o desempenho desta estrutura é afetado por ações de intempéries, ocasionando patologias e influenciando na durabilidade e vida útil. A falta de acompanhamento das condições estéticas e estruturais dos viadutos facilita o surgimento e agravamento de patologias, podendo ocasionar danos graves, como perda de capacidade resistente e desabamento. Este estudo avalia a aplicação da metodologia do Grau de Deterioração Estrutural da Universidade de Brasília (GDE-UnB), para análise do estado de conservação dos viadutos do Eixo Rodoviário Sul, em Brasília. Esta metodologia possibilita a classificação do grau de deterioração estrutural por meio de inspeções visuais e formulações. Os resultados obtidos foram condizentes com a realidade observada nas estruturas, demonstrando a eficácia da metodologia. Além disso, os valores obtidos para grau de deterioração estrutural possibilitam a classificação das estruturas prioritárias na tomada de ações de intervenção e recuperação estrutural.Reinforced concrete viaducts are important Special Engineering Structures for the transportation of loads and people, these structures have its performance affected by weathering, causing pathologies and influencing durability and service life. Therefore, servicing these structures is essential to maintaining structural integrity and functionality. Failure to follow the aesthetic and structural conditions of the viaducts facilitates the appearance and aggravation of pathologies, which can cause serious damage, such as loss of capacity and collapse. This study evaluates the application of the Structure Deterioration Degree methodology of University of Brasilia (GDE-UnB), to analyze the conservation status of the viaducts of the Eixo Rodoviário Sul, in Brasília. This methodology makes it possible to classify the degree of structural deterioration through visual inspections and formulations. The results obtained were consistent with the reality observed in the structures, demonstrating the effectiveness of the methodology. In addition, the values obtained for the degree of structural deterioration allow the classification of priority structures in the intervention actions and structural recovery

Risco-espetáculo: novas modalidades do risco na era digital / Risk-spectacle: new modalities of risk in digital era

Este artigo tem como finalidade discutir o engendramento do risco-espetáculo enquanto uma nova modalidade de risco e também como vetor de subjetivação na contemporaneidade. Neste sentido, o risco-espetáculo se configura como uma leitura possível acerca de um fenômeno da era digital que tem alcançado enorme popularidade entre o público infanto-juvenil: os desafios do youtube. Muitos desafios se popularizaram ao serem publicados por famosos youtubers, as celebridades da Internet. Como consequência, jovens e crianças passam a reproduzir tais práticas em suas casas. Apesar do caráter lúdico e aparentemente seguro, alguns desafios do youtube implicam em risco à saúde e à vida, sendo enquadrados no rol das brincadeiras perigosas. Estas práticas de risco se desenrolam, na maior parte das vezes, alheias à tutela e à supervisão da família. Isto nos leva a interrogar que modos de governamentalidade operam no ambiente virtual, de forma a gerir condutas que incidem no mundo concreto e que modos de subjetivação estão sendo produzidos a partir destas práticas.  Palavras-chave: Risco-espetáculo; desafios do Youtube; brincadeiras Perigosas; governamentalidade

Identifying and Forecasting Potential Biophysical Risk Areas within a Tropical Mangrove Ecosystem Using Multi-Sensor Data

Mangroves are one of the most productive ecosystems known for provisioning of various ecosystem goods and services. They help in sequestering large amounts of carbon, protecting coastline against erosion, and reducing impacts of natural disasters such as hurricanes. Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary in Odisha harbors the second largest mangrove ecosystem in India. This study used Terra, Landsat and Sentinel-1 satellite data for spatio-temporal monitoring of mangrove forest within Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary between 2000 and 2016. Three biophysical parameters were used to assess mangrove ecosystem health: leaf chlorophyll (CHL), Leaf Area Index (LAI), and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). A long-term analysis of meteorological data such as precipitation and temperature was performed to determine an association between these parameters and mangrove biophysical characteristics. The correlation between meteorological parameters and mangrove biophysical characteristics enabled forecasting of mangrove health and productivity for year 2050 by incorporating IPCC projected climate data. A historical analysis of land cover maps was also performed using Landsat 5 and 8 data to determine changes in mangrove area estimates in years 1995, 2004 and 2017. There was a decrease in dense mangrove extent with an increase in open mangroves and agricultural area. Despite conservation efforts, the current extent of dense mangrove is projected to decrease up to 10% by the year 2050. All three biophysical characteristics including GPP, LAI and CHL, are projected to experience a net decrease of 7.7%, 20.83% and 25.96% respectively by 2050 compared to the mean annual value in 2016. This study will help the Forest Department, Government of Odisha in managing and taking appropriate decisions for conserving and sustaining the remaining mangrove forest under the changing climate and developmental activities

Phonological processing in primary progressive aphasia

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a debilitating condition wherein speech and language deteriorate as a result of neurodegenerative disease. Three variants of PPA are now recognized, each of which shows a unique constellation of speech-language deficits and pattern of underlying atrophy in the brain (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2011). The variants include a nonfluent/agrammatic type (nfvPPA), characterized by syntactic and motor speech deficits and fronto-insular atrophy in the left hemisphere. The semantic variant (svPPA) shows degradation of semantic knowledge in the context of anterior and inferior temporal lobe atrophy (left hemisphere greater than right). Finally, the more recently characterized logopenic variant (lvPPA) shows impairments in naming and repetition that are thought to be phonological in nature. This variant, associated with atrophy of temporoparietal regions in the left hemisphere, has also been referred to as the “phonological” variant of PPA due to observed deficits on tasks that require phonological storage (i.e., the “phonological loop”) and to the presence of phonological paraphasias in connected speech (Gorno-Tempini et al., 2008). Impaired phonological processing has been considered a unique feature of the logopenic variant of PPA, however, phonological skills have not been thoroughly characterized across the three variants. Recent models of the functional neuroanatomy of language propose two pathways by which speech is processed in the brain (Hickok & Poeppel, 2007). A dorsal pathway involving temporoparietal and posterior frontal structures is thought to be involved in mapping phonological representations onto articulatory representations. A ventral pathway located in the middle and inferior temporal lobes is considered crucial for mapping phonological representations onto lexical-semantic representations. Both the dorsal and ventral streams emanate from a common cortical region in posterior, superior temporal cortex/sulcus that appears critical to the mental representation of phonology. We investigated phonological processing in PPA, with the goal of identifying whether patterns of performance in the different variants support this functional-anatomical framework. Based on our knowledge of the locus of anatomical damage in the subtypes of PPA, we hypothesized that patients with damage to dorsal route structures (nonfluent and logopenic variants) would show greater impairment on phonological processing tasks, whereas patients with damage to ventral route structures (semantic variant) would show relative preservation of phonological abilities

CONARTE S.A : Naturalmente refrescante

Seminario Desarrollo de Emprendedores. 2012. Carrera Diplomacia.CONARTE S.A. es una empresa nicaragüense que ofrece conservadores artesanales hechos de barro y arena, estos conservadores son un producto nuevo en el mercado nicaragüense respecto al servicio que brinda y a la estructura que posee. CONARTE S.A. desea ofrecer a las familias el acceso a los conservadores artesanales para que experimenten este sistema innovador forjado por manos de artesanos nicaragüenses que hará que la economía familiar se vea beneficiada mediante el ahorro de dinero en energía y la disminución en la pérdida de alimentos debido a la mala conservación de las frutas y vegetales, de esa manera propone métodos alternos para que los ciudadanos puedan ahorrar y mantener su calidad de vida

Hemorrhagic Shock Secondary To Button Battery Ingestion.

Button battery ingestion is a frequent pediatric complaint. The serious complications resulting from accidental ingestion have increased significantly over the last two decades due to easy access to gadgets and electronic toys. Over recent years, the increasing use of lithium batteries of diameter 20 mm has brought new challenges, because these are more detrimental to the mucosa, compared with other types, with high morbidity and mortality. The clinical complaints, which are often nonspecific, may lead to delayed diagnosis, thereby increasing the risk of severe complications. A five-year-old boy who had been complaining of abdominal pain for ten days, was brought to the emergency service with a clinical condition of hematemesis that started two hours earlier. On admission, he presented pallor, tachycardia and hypotension. A plain abdominal x-ray produced an image suggestive of a button battery. Digestive endoscopy showed a deep ulcerated lesion in the esophagus without active bleeding. After this procedure, the patient presented profuse hematemesis and severe hypotension, followed by cardiorespiratory arrest, which was reversed. He then underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy and presented a new episode of cardiorespiratory arrest, which he did not survive. The battery was removed through rectal exploration. This case describes a fatal evolution of button battery ingestion with late diagnosis and severe associated injury of the digestive mucosa. A high level of clinical suspicion is essential for preventing this evolution. Preventive strategies are required, as well as health education, with warnings to parents, caregivers and healthcare professionals.132184-

Choque hemorrágico secundário à ingestão de bateria em disco

CONTEXT: Button battery ingestion is a frequent pediatric complaint. The serious complications resulting from accidental ingestion have increased significantly over the last two decades due to easy access to gadgets and electronic toys. Over recent years, the increasing use of lithium batteries of diameter 20 mm has brought new challenges, because these are more detrimental to the mucosa, compared with other types, with high morbidity and mortality. The clinical complaints, which are often nonspecific, may lead to delayed diagnosis, thereby increasing the risk of severe complications. CASE REPORT: A five-year-old boy who had been complaining of abdominal pain for ten days, was brought to the emergency service with a clinical condition of hematemesis that started two hours earlier. On admission, he presented pallor, tachycardia and hypotension. A plain abdominal x-ray produced an image suggestive of a button battery. Digestive endoscopy showed a deep ulcerated lesion in the esophagus without active bleeding. After this procedure, the patient presented profuse hematemesis and severe hypotension, followed by cardiorespiratory arrest, which was reversed. He then underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy and presented a new episode of cardiorespiratory arrest, which he did not survive. The battery was removed through rectal exploration. CONCLUSION: This case describes a fatal evolution of button battery ingestion with late diagnosis and severe associated injury of the digestive mucosa. A high level of clinical suspicion is essential for preventing this evolution. Preventive strategies are required, as well as health education, with warnings to parents, caregivers and healthcare professionals1323184188CONTEXTO: A ingestão de bateria em disco é queixa frequente em pediatria. As complicações graves decorrentes de ingestão acidental têm aumentado significativamente nas últimas duas décadas, devido ao fácil acesso aos aparelhos e brinquedos eletrônicos. Nos últimos anos, o aumento do uso de baterias de lítio com diâmetro de 20 mm trouxe novos desafios, por serem mais prejudiciais para a mucosa em comparação com outros tipos, com elevada morbidade e mortalidade. As queixas clínicas, muitas vezes inespecíficas, podem levar ao atraso no diagnóstico, aumentando o risco de complicação grave. RELATO DE CASO: Menino de cinco anos, com queixa de dor abdominal há 10 dias, é trazido ao serviço de emergência com quadro clínico de hematêmese há duas horas. Na admissão, apresentava palidez, taquicardia e hipotensão. Imagem sugestiva de bateria em disco foi visualizada na radiografia simples de abdome. A endoscopia digestiva demonstrou lesão ulcerada profunda no esôfago sem sangramento ativo. Após o procedimento, o paciente apresentou hematêmese profusa e hipotensão grave, seguidos de parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR), revertida. Submetido a laparotomia exploradora de urgência, apresentou novo episódio de PCR, sem reversão. A bateria foi removida por exploração retal. CONCLUSÃO: Este caso descreve a evolução fatal de ingestão da bateria em disco com diagnóstico tardio e associação com lesão grave de mucosa digestiva. Alto nível de suspeita clínica é obrigatório para evitar tal evolução. As estratégias de prevenção são necessárias, bem como a educação em saúde, com alerta aos pais, cuidadores e profissionais de saúdesem informaçã

Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of two quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) flour varieties from Peru

Food insecurity, malnutrition, and environmental problems are critical challenges for which a solution has been sought for decades. However, no great progress has been made. Although organizations such as FAO, UNICEF, WHO, and WFP make efforts to eradicate hunger and malnutrition by 2030, the goal is far from being achieved, making the situation even worse with the pandemic and the Ukrainian war. One of the strategies proposed to solve this problem is the transformation of food systems, considering sustainability and protection of biodiversity, in addition to increasing access to affordable and healthy diets. In this context, researching and disseminating information about ancestral grains such as quinoa is important, considering that this crop originating from the Andes is world-renowned for its nutritional value, functional properties, and agronomic versatility. Two varieties of quinoa flour from Junín Peru, were evaluated: Rosada de Huancayo (RH) and Pasankalla (PK). RH was characterized by a good grain size and white color, while the PK showed red color, indicating potential antioxidant properties. In the proximal evaluation, the protein, insoluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber contents showed significant differences (p<0.05). RH variety presented the highest protein content (19.41% ± 0.67, dry basis) compared to the PK (17.35% ± 0.54, DB), while for insoluble and soluble dietary fiber, this was higher in the PK variety (14.60% ± 0.46; 0.96 ± 0.13%, DB respectively). In the case of minerals, zinc, manganese, and copper contents were higher in PK, while a higher phosphorus and potassium content was found in RH. Regarding polyphenols and antioxidant capacity, the PK variety had the highest values and showed significant differences (p<0.05) with respect to RH. Both varieties of quinoa presented good nutritional and functional quality, showing values equal to or higher than those of the most consumed cereals such as wheat and corn.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and gluthatione S-transferases M1 and T1 gene polymorphisms in three Brazilian population groups

Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) reduce the oxidation rates in the organism. Gluthatione S-transferases (GSTs) play a vital role in phase 2 of biotransformation of many substances. Variation in the expression of these enzymes suggests individual differences for the degree of antioxidant protection and geographical differences in the distribution of these variants. We described the distribution frequency of CAT (21A/T), SOD2 (Ala9Val), GPX1 (Pro198Leu), GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in three Brazilian population groups: Kayabi Amerindians (n = 60), Kalunga Afro-descendants (n = 72), and an urban mixed population from Federal District (n = 162). Frequencies of the variants observed in Kalunga (18% to 58%) and Federal District (33% to 63%) were similar to those observed in Euro and Afro-descendants, while in Kayabi (3% to 68%), depending on the marker, frequencies were similar to the ones found in different ethnic groups. Except for SOD2 in all population groups studied here, and for GPX1 in Kalunga, the genotypic distributions were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. These data can clarify the contribution of different ethnicities in the formation of mixed populations, such as that of Brazil. Moreover, outcomes will be valuable resources for future functional studies and for genetic studies in specific populations. If these studies are designed to comprehensively explore the role of these genetic polymorphisms in the etiology of human diseases they may help to prevent inconsistent genotype-phenotype associations in pharmacogenetic studies

Generation of the Thymine Triplet State by Through-Bond Energy Transfer

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Chem. Eur. J. 2019, 25, 7004 7011, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900830. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Benzophenone (BP) and drugs containing the BP chromophore, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen, have been widely reported as DNA photo-sensitizers through triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET). In the present work, a direct spectroscopic fingerprint for the formation of the thymine triplet ((3)Thy*) by through-bond (TB) TTET from (BP)-B-3* has been uncovered. This has been achieved in two new systems that have been designed and synthesized with one BP and one thymine (Thy) covalently linked to the two ends of the rigid skeleton of the natural bile acids cholic and lithocholic acid. The results shown here prove that it is possible to achieve triplet energy transfer to a Thy unit even when the photosensitizer is at a long (non-bonding) distance.Financial support from the Spanish Government (Grant SEV-2016-0683 and Projects CTQ2012-38754-C03-03 and CTQ2015-70164P), the Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo Program), and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (pre-doctoral FPI fellowship for P.M.) is gratefully acknowledged.Miró, P.; Gomez-Mendoza, M.; Sastre Navarro, GI.; Cuquerella Alabort, MC.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ.; Marín García, ML. (2019). Generation of the Thymine Triplet State by Through-Bond Energy Transfer. Chemistry - A European Journal. 25(28):7004-7011. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201900830S700470112528Mouret, S., Baudouin, C., Charveron, M., Favier, A., Cadet, J., & Douki, T. (2006). Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers are predominant DNA lesions in whole human skin exposed to UVA radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(37), 13765-13770. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604213103Setlow, R. B., Grist, E., Thompson, K., & Woodhead, A. D. (1993). Wavelengths effective in induction of malignant melanoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 90(14), 6666-6670. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6666Rochette, P. J. (2003). UVA-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers form predominantly at thymine-thymine dipyrimidines and correlate with the mutation spectrum in rodent cells. Nucleic Acids Research, 31(11), 2786-2794. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg402Smith, C. A., Wang, M., Jiang, N., Che, L., Zhao, X., & Taylor, J.-S. (1996). Mutation Spectra of M13 Vectors Containing Site-Specific Cis-Syn, Trans-Syn-I, (6−4), and Dewar Pyrimidone Photoproducts of Thymidylyl-(3‘→5‘)-Thymidine inEscherichia coliunder SOS Conditions†. Biochemistry, 35(13), 4146-4154. doi:10.1021/bi951975cGentil, A. (1996). Mutagenicity of a unique thymine-thymine dimer or thymine-thymine pyrimidine pyrimidone (6-4) photoproduct in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Research, 24(10), 1837-1840. doi:10.1093/nar/24.10.1837Görner, H. (1990). Phosphorescence of nucleic acids and DNA components at 77 K. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 5(3-4), 359-377. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(90)85051-wLamola, A. A., & Eisinger, J. (1971). Excited states of nucleotides in water at room temperature. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis, 240(3), 313-325. doi:10.1016/0005-2787(71)90524-7Cuquerella, M. C., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Bosca, F., & Miranda, M. A. (2011). Photosensitised pyrimidine dimerisation in DNA. Chemical Science, 2(7), 1219. doi:10.1039/c1sc00088hBlancafort, L., & Voityuk, A. A. (2018). Thermally induced hopping model for long-range triplet excitation energy transfer in DNA. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 20(7), 4997-5000. doi:10.1039/c7cp07811kAntusch, L., Gaß, N., & Wagenknecht, H.-A. (2016). Elucidation of the Dexter-Type Energy Transfer in DNA by Thymine-Thymine Dimer Formation Using Photosensitizers as Artificial Nucleosides. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 56(5), 1385-1389. doi:10.1002/anie.201610065Antusch, L., Gaß, N., & Wagenknecht, H.-A. (2016). Aufklärung des Dexter-Energietransfers in DNA an der Thymin-Thymin-Dimerbildung mithilfe von Photosensibilisatoren als artifizielle Nucleoside. Angewandte Chemie, 129(5), 1406-1410. doi:10.1002/ange.201610065Kanvah, S., Joseph, J., Schuster, G. B., Barnett, R. N., Cleveland, C. L., & Landman, U. (2010). Oxidation of DNA: Damage to Nucleobases. Accounts of Chemical Research, 43(2), 280-287. doi:10.1021/ar900175aGiese, B., Amaudrut, J., Köhler, A.-K., Spormann, M., & Wessely, S. (2001). Direct observation of hole transfer through DNA by hopping between adenine bases and by tunnelling. Nature, 412(6844), 318-320. doi:10.1038/35085542Giese, B. (2000). Long-Distance Charge Transport in DNA:  The Hopping Mechanism. Accounts of Chemical Research, 33(9), 631-636. doi:10.1021/ar990040bTakada, T., Kawai, K., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2004). Direct observation of hole transfer through double-helical DNA over 100 A. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(39), 14002-14006. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402756101Takada, T., Kawai, K., Cai, X., Sugimoto, A., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2004). Charge Separation in DNA via Consecutive Adenine Hopping. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(4), 1125-1129. doi:10.1021/ja035730wTakada, T., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2007). Single-molecule observation of DNA charge transfer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(27), 11179-11183. doi:10.1073/pnas.0700795104Kawai, K., & Majima, T. (2013). Hole Transfer Kinetics of DNA. Accounts of Chemical Research, 46(11), 2616-2625. doi:10.1021/ar400079sKawai, K., Kodera, H., Osakada, Y., & Majima, T. (2009). Sequence-independent and rapid long-range charge transfer through DNA. Nature Chemistry, 1(2), 156-159. doi:10.1038/nchem.171Kawai, K., Kodera, H., & Majima, T. (2010). Long-Range Charge Transfer through DNA by Replacing Adenine with Diaminopurine. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 132(2), 627-630. doi:10.1021/ja907409zGiese, B., Carl, B., Carl, T., Carell, T., Behrens, C., Hennecke, U., … Feresin, E. (2004). Excess Electron Transport Through DNA: A Single Electron Repairs More than One UV-Induced Lesion. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 43(14), 1848-1851. doi:10.1002/anie.200353264Giese, B., Carl, B., Carl, T., Carell, T., Behrens, C., Hennecke, U., … Feresin, E. (2004). Excess Electron Transport Through DNA: A Single Electron Repairs More than One UV-Induced Lesion. Angewandte Chemie, 116(14), 1884-1887. doi:10.1002/ange.200353264Park, M. J., Fujitsuka, M., Kawai, K., & Majima, T. (2011). Direct Measurement of the Dynamics of Excess Electron Transfer through Consecutive Thymine Sequence in DNA. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133(39), 15320-15323. doi:10.1021/ja2068017Lin, S.-H., Fujitsuka, M., & Majima, T. (2016). Excess-Electron Transfer in DNA by a Fluctuation-Assisted Hopping Mechanism. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 120(4), 660-666. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10857Manetto, A., Breeger, S., Chatgilialoglu, C., & Carell, T. (2006). Complex Sequence Dependence by Excess-Electron Transfer through DNA with Different Strength Electron Acceptors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 45(2), 318-321. doi:10.1002/anie.200502551Manetto, A., Breeger, S., Chatgilialoglu, C., & Carell, T. (2006). Komplexe Sequenzabhängigkeit beim Transport von Überschusselektronen durch DNA mit verschieden starken Acceptoren. Angewandte Chemie, 118(2), 325-328. doi:10.1002/ange.200502551Heil, K., Pearson, D., & Carell, T. (2011). Chemical investigation of light induced DNA bipyrimidine damage and repair. Chem. Soc. Rev., 40(8), 4271-4278. doi:10.1039/c000407nHaas, C., Kräling, K., Cichon, M., Rahe, N., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron Transfer Driven DNA Does Not Depend on the Transfer Direction. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 43(14), 1842-1844. doi:10.1002/anie.200353067Haas, C., Kräling, K., Cichon, M., Rahe, N., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron Transfer Driven DNA Does Not Depend on the Transfer Direction. Angewandte Chemie, 116(14), 1878-1880. doi:10.1002/ange.200353067Carell, T. (1995). Sunlight-Damaged DNA Repaired with Sunlight. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English, 34(22), 2491-2494. doi:10.1002/anie.199524911Carell, T. (1995). Reparatur von sonnenlichtgeschädigter DNA mit Sonnenlicht. Angewandte Chemie, 107(22), 2697-2700. doi:10.1002/ange.19951072207Breeger, S., Hennecke, U., & Carell, T. (2004). Excess Electron-Transfer-Based Repair of a Cis-Syn Thymine Dimer in DNA Is Not Sequence Dependent. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(5), 1302-1303. doi:10.1021/ja038358tCuquerella, M. C., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Cadet, J., & Miranda, M. A. (2012). Benzophenone Photosensitized DNA Damage. Accounts of Chemical Research, 45(9), 1558-1570. doi:10.1021/ar300054eDelatour, T., Douki, T., D’Ham, C., & Cadet, J. (1998). Photosensitization of thymine nucleobase by benzophenone through energy transfer, hydrogen abstraction and one-electron oxidation. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 44(3), 191-198. doi:10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00142-0Schreier, W. J., Schrader, T. E., Koller, F. O., Gilch, P., Crespo-Hernandez, C. E., Swaminathan, V. N., … Kohler, B. (2007). Thymine Dimerization in DNA Is an Ultrafast Photoreaction. Science, 315(5812), 625-629. doi:10.1126/science.1135428Schreier, W. J., Kubon, J., Regner, N., Haiser, K., Schrader, T. E., Zinth, W., … Gilch, P. (2009). Thymine Dimerization in DNA Model Systems: Cyclobutane Photolesion Is Predominantly Formed via the Singlet Channel. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131(14), 5038-5039. doi:10.1021/ja900436tSandros, K., Haglid, F., Ryhage, R., Ryhage, R., & Stevens, R. (1964). Transfer of Triplet State Energy in Fluid Solutions. III. Reversible Energy Transfer. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 18, 2355-2374. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.18-2355Douki, T., Bérard, I., Wack, A., & Andrä, S. (2014). Contribution of Cytosine-Containing Cyclobutane Dimers to DNA Damage Produced by Photosensitized Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer. Chemistry - A European Journal, 20(19), 5787-5794. doi:10.1002/chem.201303905Gut, I. G., Wood, P. D., & Redmond, R. W. (1996). Interaction of Triplet Photosensitizers with Nucleotides and DNA in Aqueous Solution at Room Temperature. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 118(10), 2366-2373. doi:10.1021/ja9519344Miro, P., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Marin, M. L., & Miranda, M. A. (2015). Photosensitized Thymine Dimerization via Delocalized Triplet Excited States. Chemistry - A European Journal, 21(47), 17051-17056. doi:10.1002/chem.201502719Encinas, S., Belmadoui, N., Climent, M. J., Gil, S., & Miranda, M. A. (2004). Photosensitization of Thymine Nucleobase by Benzophenone Derivatives as Models for Photoinduced DNA Damage:  Paterno−Büchi vs Energy and Electron Transfer Processes. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 17(7), 857-862. doi:10.1021/tx034249gTrzcionka, J., Lhiaubet-Vallet, V., Paris, C., Belmadoui, N., Climent, M. J., & Miranda, M. A. (2007). Model Studies on a Carprofen Derivative as Dual Photosensitizer for Thymine Dimerization and (6–4) Photoproduct Repair. ChemBioChem, 8(4), 402-407. doi:10.1002/cbic.200600394Joseph, A., Prakash, G., & Falvey, D. E. (2000). Model Studies of the (6−4) Photoproduct Photolyase Enzyme:  Laser Flash Photolysis Experiments Confirm Radical Ion Intermediates in the Sensitized Repair of Thymine Oxetane Adducts. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 122(45), 11219-11225. doi:10.1021/ja002541uLiu, X.-L., Wang, J.-B., Tong, Y., & Song, Q.-H. (2013). Regioselectivity and Competition of the Paternò-Büchi Reaction and Triplet-Triplet Energy Transfer between Triplet Benzophenones and Pyrimidines: Control by Triplet Energy Levels. Chemistry - A European Journal, 19(39), 13216-13223. doi:10.1002/chem.201300958Zuo, Z., Yao, S., Luo, J., Wang, W., Zhang, J., & Lin, N. (1992). Laser photolysis of cytosine, cytidine and dCMP in aqueous solution. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 15(3), 215-222. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(92)85125-eMiro, P., Vayá, I., Sastre, G., Jiménez, M. C., Marin, M. L., & Miranda, M. A. (2016). Triplet energy management between two signaling units through cooperative rigid scaffolds. Chemical Communications, 52(4), 713-716. doi:10.1039/c5cc08102