A novel hybrid material with calcium and strontium release capability

The preparation of PDMS–TEOS–CaO hybrid materials by sol–gel techniques has been widely described in previous works. Calcium nitrate is the most common source of calcium used in these preparations. However, to remove possible toxic nitrate by-products a thermal treatment is necessary at temperatures above 500 1C, which leads to the degradation of the polymeric components of the hybrids. Strontium has already shown some promising results in the therapeutic area, being used in cases of osteoporosis and low bone density. In this study a new potential bioactive hybrid material was prepared, by sol–gel techniques, using calcium acetate as a novel calcium source. Also, for the first time, incorporation of strontium in a PDMS–TEOS hybrid system was evaluated. Samples were characterized before and after immersion in Kokubo’s Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) by SEM, EDS, ICP and FT-IR spectroscopy

Correlation of mixed lymphocyte culture with chronic graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic stem cell transplantation

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mixed lymphocyte culture as a predictive assay of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We studied 153 patients who received a first bone marrow transplantation from human leukocyte antigen-identical siblings. Acute GVHD was observed in 26 of 128 (20.3%) patients evaluated and chronic GVHD occurred in 60 of 114 (52.6%). One-way mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) assays were performed by the standard method. MLC results are reported as the relative response (RR) from donor against patient cells. The responses ranged from -47.0 to 40.7%, with a median of 0.5%. The Kaplan-Meier probability of developing GVHD was determined for patients with positive and negative MLC. There was no significant difference in incidence of acute GVHD between the groups studied. However, the incidence of chronic GVHD was higher in recipients with RR >4.5% than in those with RR 4.5%), 2.9 for those who received peripheral blood progenitor cells as a graft, and 2.2 for patients who developed previous acute GVHD. MLC was not useful for predicting acute GVHD, but MLC with RR >4.5% associated with other risk factors could predict the development of chronic GVHD, being of help for the prevention and/or treatment of this late complication.56757

The availability of full match sibling donors and feasibility of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in Brazil

The feasibility of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT) in a developing country has not yet been demonstrated. Many adverse factors including social and economic limitations may reduce the overall results of this complex and expensive procedure. Our objective was to characterize the most important clinical, social and economic features of candidates for transplantation and their potential donors as well as the influence of these factors on overall survival in a retrospective and exploratory analysis at a university hospital. From July 1993 to July 2001, candidates for BMT were referred to the Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit by Hematology and Oncology Centers from several regions of Brazil. A total of 1138 patients were referred to us as candidates for alloBMT. Median age was 25 years (range: 2 months-60 years), 684 (60.1%) were males and 454 (39.9%) were females. The clinical indications were severe aplastic anemia and hematological malignancies. From the total of 1138 patients, 923 had HLA-typing; 497/923 (53.8%) candidates had full match donors; 352/1138 (30.8%) were eligible for alloBMT. Only 235 of 352 (66.7%) were transplanted. Schooling was 1st to 8th grade for 123/235 (52.3%); monthly family income ranged from US$60 (7$400 (36%). Overall survival for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, severe aplastic anemia and acute myeloid leukemia was 58, 60 and 30%, respectively. Thus, overall survival rates for the most frequent hematological diseases were similar to those reported in the International Registry, except for acute myeloid leukemia. This descriptive and exploratory analysis suggests the feasibility of alloBMT in a developing country like Brazil.31532

Black-hole quasinormal modes and scalar glueballs in a finite-temperature AdS/QCD model

We use the holographic AdS/QCD soft-wall model to investigate the spectrum of scalar glueballs in a finite temperature plasma. In this model, glueballs are described by a massless scalar field in an AdS_5 black hole with a dilaton soft-wall background. Using AdS/CFT prescriptions, we compute the boundary retarded Green's function. The corresponding thermal spectral function shows quasiparticle peaks at low temperatures. We also compute the quasinormal modes of the scalar field in the soft-wall black hole geometry. The temperature and momentum dependences of these modes are analyzed. The positions and widths of the peaks of the spectral function are related to the frequencies of the quasinormal modes. Our numerical results are found employing the power series method and the computation of Breit-Wigner resonances.Comment: Revision: Results unchanged. More discussions on the model and on the results. References added. 28 pages, 7 figures, 5 table

Singularities of bi-Hamiltonian systems

We study the relationship between singularities of bi-Hamiltonian systems and algebraic properties of compatible Poisson brackets. As the main tool, we introduce the notion of linearization of a Poisson pencil. From the algebraic viewpoint, a linearized Poisson pencil can be understood as a Lie algebra with a fixed 2-cocycle. In terms of such linearizations, we give a criterion for non-degeneracy of singular points of bi-Hamiltonian systems and describe their types

Dimensão econômica de sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária

Os sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) têm sido propostos como solução tecnológica para atender critérios de sustentabilidade, mas tal assertiva tem-se baseado principalmente em indicadores agronômicos e ambientais. Neste trabalho, explorou-se a perspectiva econômica da ILP. Os benefícios econômicos potenciais desses sistemas podem refletir-se em economia de escopo (diminuição do custo, em razão da produção de múltiplos produtos) ou nos efeitos de redução de risco pela diversificação. Além disso, eles podem envolver menor variabilidade produtiva e maior produtividade. A mensuração acurada das interações entre os componentes lavoura e animal (pastagem) é etapa-chave a ser perseguida. A tomada de decisão em prol de sistemas diversificados vis-à-vis sistemas especializados deve ser feita de acordo com os preços relativos. A ILP compete com sistemas especializados de pecuária, mas não apresenta taxas de retorno competitivas em comparação a sistemas especializados com soja. A elevada demanda por capital da ILP, particularmente para a aquisição de animais em recria para a engorda, explica as menores taxas de retorno da ILP e é vista como uma das principais restrições para a ampla adoção de sistemas mistos. O desenho de mecanismos de financiamento inovadores será essencial para promover e acelerar a adoção em larga escala da tecnologia

Densidade da madeira de árvores em savanas do norte da Amazônia brasileira

Densidade da madeira (DM) é uma variável importante para estimativas de estoques de carbono arbóreo em ecossistemas terrestres. Este tema é pobremente investigado em áreas de savana da Amazônia brasileira. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a DM das oito principais espécies arbóreas que ocorrem na savana aberta de Roraima, a maior área de savana do norte do bioma Amazônia. Foram verificadas as variações na DM em função da espécie e dos diferentes diâmetros observados ao longo da dimensão vertical de 75 indivíduos amostrados em seis sítios de coleta. Foi utilizado o método direto para obtenção de peças de madeira do fuste e da copa. Os resultados indicaram discrepância significativa interespecífica, sendo Roupala montana Aubl. a espécie de maior DM média (0,674 g cm-3). Foi detectado que existe variação significativa da DM entre as peças do fuste e da copa, independente da espécie e do sítio de coleta. A densidade da madeira de peças da copa com diâmetro entre 5 e 10 cm pode ser utilizada como preditora da DM média do indivíduo arbóreo. Nós concluimos que a DM das oito espécies arbóreas investigadas possui variabilidade interespecífica, com discrepâncias entre a DM do fuste e das partes lenhosas da copa. As distinções aqui detectadas devem ser considerados como uma importante ferramenta para melhorar as estimativas de estoque de carbono em áreas de savanas na Amazônia