102 research outputs found
Conception itérative et semi-supervisée d'assistants conversationnels par regroupement interactif des questions
National audienceThe design of a dataset needed to train a chatbot is most often the result of manual and tedious step. To guarantee the efficiency and objectivity of the annotation, we propose an active learning method based on constraints annotation. Itâs an iterative approach, relying on a clustering algorithm to segment data and using annotator knowledge to lead clustering from unlabeled question to relevant intents structure. In this paper, we study the optimal modeling parameters to get an exploitable dataset with a minimum of annotations, and show that this approach allows to make a coherent structure for the training of a chatbot.La crĂ©ation dâun jeu de donnĂ©es pour lâentrainement dâun chatbot repose sur un a priori de connaissance du domaine. En consĂ©quence, cette Ă©tape est le plus souvent manuelle, fastidieuse et soumise aux biais. Pour garantir lâefficacitĂ© et lâobjectivitĂ© de lâannotation, nous proposons une mĂ©thodologie dâapprentissage actif par annotation de contraintes. Il sâagit dâune approche itĂ©rative, reposant sur un algorithme de clustering pour segmenter les donnĂ©es et tirant parti de la connaissance de lâannotateur pour guider le regroupement des questions en une structure dâintentions. Dans cet article, nous Ă©tudions les paramĂštres optimaux de modĂ©lisation pour rĂ©aliser une segmentation exploitable en un minimum dâannotations, et montrons que cette approche permet dâaboutir Ă une structure cohĂ©rente pour lâentrainement dâun assistant conversationnel
Recherche du boson de Higgs standard léger dans le canal WH avec la statistique finale de l'expérience Dà au Tevatron
Higgs mechanism, introduced in 1964, gives a satisfactory solution to a major problem of the standard model of elementary particles : the origin of the mass. It predicts the existence of the Higgs scalar boson, which mass is not defined by the theory and which has not been discovered experimentally yet (June 2012). The Tevatron, a hadron accelerator based at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory near Chicago, took data with its two multi-purpose detectors CDF and DĂ since 1983 up to september 2011. Leaving about 10 fb-1 of statistics to analyze. Associated production of Higgs and vector gauge boson is the main search channel for a light standard Higgs boson. Using data collected by DĂ, we are looking for this production mode taking advantage of sophisticated techniques to improve the signal sensitivity like b-jet identification and multivariate discriminants. In the end, a statistical approach allows us to set an upper limit on the ratio between the observed (resp. expected) Higgs production and its theoretical cross section. The results obtained in the WH channel using 9.7 fb-1 at DĂ is 3;15 (resp. 3.96) for a 115 GeV/c2 Higgs boson.Le mĂ©canisme de Higgs, introduit en 1964, propose une solution Ă un problĂšme majeur du modĂšle standard de la physique des particules : l'origine de la masse. Ce mĂ©canisme prĂ©dit l'existence d'un boson scalaire, de masse non prĂ©dite par la thĂ©orie et qui n'a encore jamais Ă©tĂ© observĂ© expĂ©rimentalement (Juin 2012). Le Tevatron, un accĂ©lĂ©rateur hadronique basĂ© Ă Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory prĂšs de Chicago, a permis la prise de donnĂ©es Ă l'aide des deux dĂ©tecteurs CDF et DĂ depuis 1983 jusqu'en septembre 2011. Accumulant une statistique de prĂšs de 10fb-1 Ă analyser. La production associĂ©e du Higgs et d'un boson vecteur est le canal principal de recherche pour un Higgs standard lĂ©ger. A l'aide des donnĂ©es collectĂ©es par DĂ, nous recherchons ce mode de production. La production du boson de Higgs Ă©tant trĂšs rare, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© des techniques sophistiquĂ©es de maniĂšre Ă amĂ©liorer la sensibilitĂ© au signal, telles que l'identification des jets de quarks beaux ou encore des mĂ©thodes basĂ©es sur des discriminants multivariĂ©s. Au final, une approche statistique nous permet de poser une limite supĂ©rieure sur le taux de production du Higgs observĂ© (resp. attendu) rapportĂ© aux prĂ©dictions du modĂšle standard. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus dans le canal WH avec la statistique finale de l'expĂ©rience DĂ au Tevatron sont de 3.15 (resp. 3.97) pour un boson de Higgs de 115 GeV/C2
Search for a standard Higgs boson in the WH associated production channel with the final statistics of the Tevatron DĂ experiment
Le mĂ©canisme de Higgs, introduit en 1964, propose une solution Ă un problĂšme majeur du modĂšle standard de la physique des particules : l'origine de la masse. Ce mĂ©canisme prĂ©dit l'existence d'un boson scalaire, de masse non prĂ©dite par la thĂ©orie et qui n'a encore jamais Ă©tĂ© observĂ© expĂ©rimentalement (Juin 2012). Le Tevatron, un accĂ©lĂ©rateur hadronique basĂ© Ă Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory prĂšs de Chicago, a permis la prise de donnĂ©es Ă l'aide des deux dĂ©tecteurs CDF et DĂ depuis 1983 jusqu'en septembre 2011. Accumulant une statistique de prĂšs de 10fb-1 Ă analyser. La production associĂ©e du Higgs et d'un boson vecteur est le canal principal de recherche pour un Higgs standard lĂ©ger. A l'aide des donnĂ©es collectĂ©es par DĂ, nous recherchons ce mode de production. La production du boson de Higgs Ă©tant trĂšs rare, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© des techniques sophistiquĂ©es de maniĂšre Ă amĂ©liorer la sensibilitĂ© au signal, telles que l'identification des jets de quarks beaux ou encore des mĂ©thodes basĂ©es sur des discriminants multivariĂ©s. Au final, une approche statistique nous permet de poser une limite supĂ©rieure sur le taux de production du Higgs observĂ© (resp. attendu) rapportĂ© aux prĂ©dictions du modĂšle standard. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus dans le canal WH avec la statistique finale de l'expĂ©rience DĂ au Tevatron sont de 3.15 (resp. 3.97) pour un boson de Higgs de 115 GeV/C2.Higgs mechanism, introduced in 1964, gives a satisfactory solution to a major problem of the standard model of elementary particles : the origin of the mass. It predicts the existence of the Higgs scalar boson, which mass is not defined by the theory and which has not been discovered experimentally yet (June 2012). The Tevatron, a hadron accelerator based at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory near Chicago, took data with its two multi-purpose detectors CDF and DĂ since 1983 up to september 2011. Leaving about 10 fb-1 of statistics to analyze. Associated production of Higgs and vector gauge boson is the main search channel for a light standard Higgs boson. Using data collected by DĂ, we are looking for this production mode taking advantage of sophisticated techniques to improve the signal sensitivity like b-jet identification and multivariate discriminants. In the end, a statistical approach allows us to set an upper limit on the ratio between the observed (resp. expected) Higgs production and its theoretical cross section. The results obtained in the WH channel using 9.7 fb-1 at DĂ is 3;15 (resp. 3.96) for a 115 GeV/c2 Higgs boson
Recherche du boson de Higgs standard léger dans le canal WH avec la statistique finale de l'expérience Dà au Tevatron
Le mĂ©canisme de Higgs, introduit en 1964, propose une solution Ă un problĂšme majeur du modĂšle standard de la physique des particules : l'origine de la masse. Ce mĂ©canisme prĂ©dit l'existence d'un boson scalaire, de masse non prĂ©dite par la thĂ©orie et qui n'a encore jamais Ă©tĂ© observĂ© expĂ©rimentalement (Juin 2012). Le Tevatron, un accĂ©lĂ©rateur hadronique basĂ© Ă Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory prĂšs de Chicago, a permis la prise de donnĂ©es Ă l'aide des deux dĂ©tecteurs CDF et DĂ depuis 1983 jusqu'en septembre 2011. Accumulant une statistique de prĂšs de 10fb-1 Ă analyser. La production associĂ©e du Higgs et d'un boson vecteur est le canal principal de recherche pour un Higgs standard lĂ©ger. A l'aide des donnĂ©es collectĂ©es par DĂ, nous recherchons ce mode de production. La production du boson de Higgs Ă©tant trĂšs rare, nous avons dĂ©veloppĂ© des techniques sophistiquĂ©es de maniĂšre Ă amĂ©liorer la sensibilitĂ© au signal, telles que l'identification des jets de quarks beaux ou encore des mĂ©thodes basĂ©es sur des discriminants multivariĂ©s. Au final, une approche statistique nous permet de poser une limite supĂ©rieure sur le taux de production du Higgs observĂ© (resp. attendu) rapportĂ© aux prĂ©dictions du modĂšle standard. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus dans le canal WH avec la statistique finale de l'expĂ©rience DĂ au Tevatron sont de 3.15 (resp. 3.97) pour un boson de Higgs de 115 GeV/C2.Higgs mechanism, introduced in 1964, gives a satisfactory solution to a major problem of the standard model of elementary particles: the origin of the mass. It predicts the existence of the Higgs scalar boson, which mass is not defined by the theory and which has not been discovered experimentally yet (June 2012). The Tevatron, a hadron accelerator based at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory near Chicago, took data with its two multi-purpose detectors CDF and DĂ since 1983 up to september 2011. Leaving about 10 fb-1 of statistics to analyze. Associated production of Higgs and vector gauge boson is the main search channel for a light standard Higgs boson. Using data collected by DĂ, we are looking for this production mode taking advantage of sophisticated techniques to improve the signal sensitivity like b-jet identification and multivariate discriminants. In the end, a statistical approach allows us to set an upper limit on the ratio between the observed (resp. expected) Higgs production and its theoretical cross section. The results obtained in the WH channel using 9.7 fb-1 at DĂ is 3;15 (resp. 3.96) for a 115 GeV/c2 Higgs boson.STRASBOURG-Bib.electronique 063 (674829902) / SudocSudocFranceF
Iterative and Semi-Supervised Design of Chatbots Using Interactive Clustering
International audienceChatbots represent a promising tool to automate the processing of requests in a business context. However, despite major progress in natural language processing technologies, constructing a dataset deemed relevant by business experts is a manual, iterative and error-prone process. To assist these experts during modelling and labelling, the authors propose an active learning methodology coined Interactive Clustering. It relies on interactions between computer-guided segmentation of data in intents, and response-driven human annotations imposing constraints on clusters to improve relevance.This article applies Interactive Clustering on a realistic dataset, and measures the optimal settings required for relevant segmentation in a minimal number of annotations. The usability of the method is discussed in terms of computation time, and the achieved compromise between business relevance and classification performance during training.In this context, Interactive Clustering appears as a suitable methodology combining human and computer initiatives to efficiently develop a useable chatbot
Studies of and production in collisions at 1.96 TeV
International audienceWe present various properties of the production of the X(3872) and Ï(2S) states based on 10.4ââfb-1 collected by the D0 experiment in Tevatron ppÂŻ collisions at s=1.96ââTeV. For both states, we measure the nonprompt fraction fNP of the inclusive production rate due to decays of b-flavored hadrons. We find the fNP values systematically below those obtained at the LHC. The fNP fraction for Ï(2S) increases with transverse momentum, whereas for the X(3872) it is constant within large uncertainties, in agreement with the LHC results. The ratio of prompt to nonprompt Ï(2S) production, (1-fNP)/fNP, decreases only slightly going from the Tevatron to the LHC, but for the X(3872), this ratio decreases by a factor of about 3. We test the soft-pion signature of the X(3872) modeled as a weakly bound charm-meson pair by studying the production of the X(3872) as a function of the kinetic energy of the X(3872) and the pion in the X(3872)Ï center-of-mass frame. For a subsample consistent with prompt production, the results are incompatible with a strong enhancement in the production of the X(3872) at the small kinetic energy of the X(3872) and the Ï in the X(3872)Ï center-of-mass frame expected for the X+soft-pion production mechanism. For events consistent with being due to decays of b hadrons, there is no significant evidence for the soft-pion effect, but its presence at the level expected for the binding energy of 0.17Â MeV and the momentum scale Î=M(Ï) is not ruled out
Search for Violation of and Lorentz invariance in meson oscillations
We present the first search for CPT-violating effects in the mixing of mesons using the full Run II data set with an integrated luminosity of 10.4 fb of proton-antiproton collisions collected using the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We measure the CPT-violating asymmetry in the decay as a function of celestial direction and sidereal phase. We find no evidence for CPT-violating effects and place limits on the direction and magnitude of flavor-dependent CPT- and Lorentz-invariance violating coupling coefficients. We find 95\% confidence intervals of GeV and GeV
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