174 research outputs found
Educação em tempo integral: direito e financiamento
O artigo tem por objetivo analisar e os desafios associados ao financiamento da educação em tempo integral. Parte-se da análise dos mo(vi)mentos legais relacionados à Educação Integral (em tempo) integral presentes na Constituição Federal de 1988 e nas normatizações que se seguiram à sua promulgação, chegando ao Fundeb. Paralelamente são destacadas as políticas, os programas e os dados estatísticos associados ao financiamento da educação em tempo integral. Partindo do entendimento de que a garantia dos direitos sociais e, em especial, a garantia à educação (integral) se faz a fonte estáveis e suficientes de recursos, o texto revela que, no período investigado, ocorreram avanços que possibilitam às instâncias subnacionais o desenvolvimento de políticas vinculadas à educação em tempo integral
Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: contribuições e desafios
Este artigo visa analisar o esforço das instituições públicas de ensino superior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro associado à oferta de vagas destinada à formação inicial de professores das redes públicas, no contexto do Plano Nacional de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica (PARFOR). Tendo por base o fato de que, por meio do Plano, são destinadas vagas para professores em exercício nas escolas públicas estaduais e municipais sem formação adequada à Lei de Diretrizes e Base da Educação Nacional (LDB), com vistas a contribuir com o avanço da educação básica, muitas universidades públicas aderiram ao referido Plano, reservando vagas em seus cursos regulares ou criando turmas especiais. A partir de dados oriundos do Ministério da Educação/Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (MEC/INEP), da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) e de informações contidas nas atas das reuniões do Fórum Permanente de Apoio à Formação Docente-RJ, entre outros resultados, a pesquisa revela o potencial do Plano no âmbito de um estado em que as políticas de formação carecem de unidade e continuidade
The importance of the mixed phase in hybrid stars built with the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
We investigate the structure of hybrid stars based on two different
constructions: one is based on the Gibbs condition for phase coexistence and
considers the existence of a mixed phase (MP), and the other is based on the
Maxwell construction and no mixed phase is obtained. The hadron phase is
described by the non-linear Walecka model (NLW) and the quark phase by the
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model (NJL). We conclude that the masses and radii obtained
are model dependent but not significantly different for both constructions.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, 3 table
Quons as su(2) Irreducible Tensor Operators
We prove that, for the quon algebra, which interpolates between the Bose and
Fermi statistics and depends on a free parameter q,it is possible to build an
su(2) irreducible representation. One of the consequences of this fact is that
the quons couple via the same angular momentum coupling rules obeyed by
ordinary bosons and fermions.Comment: 8 pages,Late
Quons Restricted to the Antisymmetric Subspace: Formalism and Applications
In this work we develop a formalism to treat quons restricted to the
antisymmetric part of their many-body space. A model in which a system of
identical quons interact through a pairing force is then solved within this
restriction and the differences between our solution and the usual fermionic
model solution are then presented and discussed in detail. Possible connections
to physical systems are also considered.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Composição E Diversidade De Anuros Na Restinga Do Município De Conde, Litoral Norte Do Estado Da Bahia, Nordeste Do Brasil
The Conde municipality is located in the northern coast of the state of Bahia (NC), northeastern Brazil, and is part of the Atlantic Tropical domain. The anuran fauna of the northern portion of the NC is still poorly known if compared to the southern portion. The Restinga is one of the predominant environments of the coastal plains of the NC and it is characterized essentially by presenting sandy soil covered by herbaceous and shrubby vegetation. The objective of this study was to determine the anuran species composition and diversity for the Restinga of the Conde municipality. Sampling was carried out at night by active search over four periods of five consecutive days each, two over the ‘main rainy season’ and two in a ‘lesser rainy season’, using 14 sample units (SUs) and five extra sample plots (EPs). We calculated dominance and species diversity using the Berger-Parker and Shannon-Wiener H’ indices, respectively. We used accumulation curves and the Jackknife 1 estimator to estimate anuran species richness, considering only the data obtained from the SUs. We recorded 713 anuran specimens distributed within 33 species, 13 genera and five families (Bufonidae, Craugastoridae, Hylidae, Leptodactylidae and Microhylidae). The Hylidae and Leptodactylidae families had the highest species richness. Considering only the SUs (Jackknife 1 estimator in brackets), we recorded 28 species in the study area (33.9 ± 2.3), 13 in Shrubby Vegetation Zones-SVZ (20.8 ± 2.9) and 25 in Freshwater Wetland Zones-FWZ (28.9 ± 1.9). The abundance and species diversity of the FWZ (n = 638 specimens; H’= 2.4) were higher than those recorded for the SVZ (n = 52 specimens; H’ = 1.9). The SVZ and FWZ showed distinct dominant species, wherein Pristimantis paulodutrai was the dominant species in SVZ and Scinax fuscomarginatus in FWZ. The Restinga of the Conde municipality stands out as the one with the highest anuran species richness already recorded considering only SVZ and FWZ. Moreover, its anuran species composition represented 55% of the anuran species known for the NC and included taxa common to three different morphoclimatic domains (Tropical Atlantic, Cerrado and Caatinga). © 2016, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.16
Phase transitions of hadronic to quark matter at finite T and \mu_B
The phase transition of hadronic to quark matter and the boundaries of the
mixed hadron-quark coexistence phase are studied within the two Equation of
State (EoS) model. The relativistic effective mean field approach with constant
and density dependent meson-nucleon couplings is used to describe hadronic
matter, and the MIT Bag model is adopted to describe quark matter. The
boundaries of the mixed phase for different Bag constants are obtained solving
the Gibbs equations.
We notice that the dependence on the Bag parameter of the critical
temperatures (at zero chemical potential) can be well reproduced by a fermion
ultrarelativistic quark gas model, without contribution from the hadron part.
At variance the critical chemical potentials (at zero temperature) are very
sensitive to the EoS of the hadron sector. Hence the study of the hadronic EoS
is much more relevant for the determination of the transition to the
quark-gluon-plasma at finite baryon density and low-T. Moreover in the low
temperature and finite chemical potential region no solutions of the Gibbs
conditions are existing for small Bag constant values, B < (135 MeV)^4. Isospin
effects in asymmetric matter appear relevant in the high chemical potential
regions at lower temperatures, of interest for the inner core properties of
neutron stars and for heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies.Comment: 24 pages and 16 figures (revtex4
Hybrid Stars in a Strong Magnetic Field
We study the effects of high magnetic fields on the particle population and
equation of state of hybrid stars using an extended hadronic and quark SU(3)
non-linear realization of the sigma model. In this model the degrees of freedom
change naturally from hadrons to quarks as the density and/or temperature
increases. The effects of high magnetic fields and anomalous magnetic moment
are visible in the macroscopic properties of the star, such as mass, adiabatic
index, moment of inertia, and cooling curves. Moreover, at the same time that
the magnetic fields become high enough to modify those properties, they make
the star anisotropic.Comment: Revised version with updated reference
Inverse magnetic catalysis in field theory and gauge-gravity duality
We investigate the surface of the chiral phase transition in the
three-dimensional parameter space of temperature, baryon chemical potential and
magnetic field in two different approaches, the field-theoretical
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model and the holographic Sakai-Sugimoto model. The
latter is a top-down approach to a gravity dual of QCD with an asymptotically
large number of colors and becomes, in a certain limit, dual to an NJL-like
model. Our main observation is that, at nonzero chemical potential, a magnetic
field can restore chiral symmetry, in apparent contrast to the phenomenon of
magnetic catalysis. This "inverse magnetic catalysis" occurs in the
Sakai-Sugimoto model and, for sufficiently large coupling, in the NJL model and
is related to the physics of the lowest Landau level. While in most parts our
discussion is a pedagogical review of previously published results, we include
new analytical results for the NJL approach and a thorough comparison of
inverse magnetic catalysis in the two approaches.Comment: 37 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly
interacting matter in magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K.
Landsteiner, A. Schmitt, H.-U. Ye
Magnetic Catalysis: A Review
We give an overview of the magnetic catalysis phenomenon. In the framework of
quantum field theory, magnetic catalysis is broadly defined as an enhancement
of dynamical symmetry breaking by an external magnetic field. We start from a
brief discussion of spontaneous symmetry breaking and the role of a magnetic
field in its a dynamics. This is followed by a detailed presentation of the
essential features of the phenomenon. In particular, we emphasize that the
dimensional reduction plays a profound role in the pairing dynamics in a
magnetic field. Using the general nature of underlying physics and its
robustness with respect to interaction types and model content, we argue that
magnetic catalysis is a universal and model-independent phenomenon. In support
of this claim, we show how magnetic catalysis is realized in various models
with short-range and long-range interactions. We argue that the general nature
of the phenomenon implies a wide range of potential applications: from certain
types of solid state systems to models in cosmology, particle and nuclear
physics. We finish the review with general remarks about magnetic catalysis and
an outlook for future research.Comment: 37 pages, to appear in Lect. Notes Phys. "Strongly interacting matter
in magnetic fields" (Springer), edited by D. Kharzeev, K. Landsteiner, A.
Schmitt, H.-U. Yee. Version 2: references adde
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