Biodiesel synthesis: influence of alkaline catalysts in methanol-oil dispersion

CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERJ - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIROCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOBiodiesel synthesis from soybean oil using methanol and alkaline catalysts occurs in the following two consecutive steps: dispersion of methanol in the oil and methanolysis. The effect of the alkaline catalysts NaOCH3, KOCH3, NaOH, and KOH in the dispersi302342349CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERJ - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIROCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPERJ - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO A PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIROCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOsem informaçãosem informaçãosem informaçãoThe authors would like to thank CAPES, FAPERJ, and CNPq (Brazilian agencies) for their financial suppor

Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in grape varieties of the São Francisco Valley.

The aims of this work was to characterise indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in the naturally fermented juice of grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Tempranillo, Sauvignon Blanc and Verdejo used in the São Francisco River Valley, northeastern Brazil. In this study, 155 S. cerevisiae and 60 non-Saccharomyces yeasts were isolated and identified using physiological tests and sequencing of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene. Among the non-Saccharomyces species, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was the most common species, followed by Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida parapsilosis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Kloeckera apis, P. manshurica, C. orthopsilosis and C. zemplinina. The population counts of these yeasts ranged among 1.0 to 19 x 105 cfu/mL. A total of 155 isolates of S. cerevisiae were compared by mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis, and five molecular mitochondrial DNA restriction profiles were detected. Indigenous strains of S. cerevisiae isolated from grapes of the São Francisco Valley can be further tested as potential starters for wine production

Data security and trading framework for smart grids in neighborhood area networks

Due to the drastic increase of electricity prosumers, i.e., energy consumers that are also producers, smart grids have become a key solution for electricity infrastructure. In smart grids, one of the most crucial requirements is the privacy of the final users. The vast majority of the literature addresses the privacy issue by providing ways of hiding user’s electricity consumption. However, open issues in the literature related to the privacy of the electricity producers still remain. In this paper, we propose a framework that preserves the secrecy of prosumers’ identities and provides protection against the traffic analysis attack in a competitive market for energy trade in a Neighborhood Area Network (NAN). In addition, the amount of bidders and of successful bids are hidden from malicious attackers by our framework. Due to the need for small data throughput for the bidders, the communication links of our framework are based on a proprietary communication system. Still, in terms of data security, we adopt the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128bit with Exclusive-OR (XOR) keys due to their reduced computational complexity, allowing fast processing. Our framework outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions in terms of privacy protection and trading flexibility in a prosumer-to-prosumer design

Supporting team coordination on the ground: requirements from a mixed reality game

We generate requirements for time-critical distributed team support relevant for domains such as disaster response. We present the Radiation Response Game to investigate socio-technical issues regarding team coordination. Field responders in this mixed-reality game use smartphones to coordinate, via text messaging, GPS, and maps, with headquarters and each other. We conduct interaction analysis to examine field observations and log data, revealing how teams achieve local and remote coordination and maintain situational awareness. We uncover requirements that highlight the role of local coordination, decision-making re- sources, geospatial referencing and message handling

Temporal shoreline series analysis using GNSS

In recent decades, Boa Viagem beach located in the city of Recife-PE and Piedade in Jaboatão dos Guararapes-PE (Brazil) has seen urbanization near the coastline causing changes in social, economic and morphological aspects, where coastal erosion problems are observed. This study uses GNSS (global navigation satellite system) shoreline monitoring approach, which is quicker, and provides continuously updatable data at cm-level accuracy to analyze and determine temporal positional shifts of the shoreline as well as annual average rates through EPR (end point rate). To achieve this, kinematic GNSS survey data for the years 2007, 2009, 2010 and 2012 were used. The results show sectorial trends over the years, with the highest annual retreat rate of 8.16 m /year occurring during the period 2007-2009. Variety of different patterns over the shoreline were also observed. These findings could be essential for decision making in coastal environments

Um modelo para análise socioeconômica da criminalidade no município de Aracaju

Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar as razões socioeconômicas da criminalidade em Aracaju, a partir de fontes primárias e secundárias de informação. Para tanto, parte-se de uma análise teórica, na qual foram identificadas quatro hipóteses explicativas para a criminalidade: (i) ato racional deliberado; (ii) relacionada com o ciclo econômico; (iii) decorrente da maior desigualdade social existente na economia contemporânea e; (iv) não diretamente relacionada com variáveis socioeconômicas. A seção seguinte descreve a metodologia empregada para a construção do banco de dados e para a análise por meio de regressão do tipo stepwise. Na última seção são apresentados os resultados: o modelo explica 90% do comportamento dos crimes contra o patrimônio, e as variáveis responsáveis por tal comportamento são: a concentração de renda, características da infra-estrutura existente nos bairros, a baixa densidade demográfica e a menor participação dos jovens no total da população.________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: This paper aims to investigate the socioeconomic reasons of criminality in Aracaju/SE, using primary and secondary sources of information. Beginning with a theoretical analysis, we identified four hyphotesis to the criminality which are: (i) a deliberated rational action; (ii) related to the economic cycle; (iii) consequence of the growing social inequality in the contemporary economy and (iv) not directly related to the socioeconomic reasons. The next section describes the methodology employed to construct the database and for analysis through stepwise regression. The results are presented in the last section: our model explains 90% of the property crime behavior, mainly due: income inequality, existing characteristics of infrastructure in the city districts, low demographic density and low rate of youths participation in the whole population