A EFICIÊNCIA NA GESTÃO DO JUDICIíRIO COMO HIPÓTESE DE SUPERAÇÃO DO PROBLEMA DA MOROSIDADE NA ATIVIDADE JURISDICIONAL

The delay in the judicial activity is a problem to be solved. Notably, in Brazil, the solutions to this problem have been sought in procedural reforms in the legislation. When researching the causes of delays in judicial activity, it appears that the causes are related, much more, the administrative actions of the judiciary than with procedural technique. Not adopting this theoretical common sense, the present study sought to solve the problem by means the application of principle of efficiency in administrative activities within the judiciary. Based on literature reviews, data analysis and foreign experience, it was concluded the wisdom of focusing on improving the management of the judiciary. In this sense, confirmed the application of administrative efficiency in the support activities of the judiciary as a solution to the problem of delays in judicialactivity.Tem-se como um problema a ser resolvido a morosidade na atividade jurisdicional. Notadamente, no Brasil, as soluções para a morosidade tem sido buscadas em reformas na legislação processual. Ao se pesquisar as causas da morosidade na atividade jurisdicional, verifica-se que essas se ligam muito mais a atuação administrativa do Judiciário do que a técnica processual. Por isso, fugindo desse senso comum teórico, o presente trabalho buscou a solução do problema da morosidade pela via da aplicação do princí­pio da eficiência nas atividades administrativas desenvolvidas no âmbito do Judiciário. Com base em revisões bibliográficas, análise de dados e de experiências estrangeiras, concluiu-se o acerto de se focar na melhoria da gestão do Judiciário. Nesse sentido, confirmou-se a aplicação da eficiência administrativa nas atividades-meio do Judiciário como solução para o problema da morosidade na atividadejurisdicional

Dose-dependent effects of Allopurinol on human foreskin fibroblast cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell under hypoxia

Allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, has been used in clinical trials of patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. These are two pathologies with extensive links to hypoxia and activation of the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) family. Here we analysed the effects of allopurinol treatment in two different cellular models, and their response to hypoxia. We explored the dose-dependent effect of allopurinol on Human Foreskin Fibroblasts (HFF) and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) under hypoxia and normoxia. Under normoxia and hypoxia, high dose allopurinol reduced the accumulation of HIF-1α protein in HFF and HUVEC cells. Allopurinol had only marginal effects on HIF-1α mRNA level in both cellular systems. Interestingly, allopurinol effects over the HIF system were independent of prolyl-hydroxylase activity. Finally, allopurinol treatment reduced angiogenesis traits in HUVEC cells in an in vitro model. Taken together these results indicate that high doses of allopurinol inhibits the HIF system and pro-angiogenic traits in cells

On an acute case of Chagas disease in a region under vector control in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

No vector transmitted cases of Chagas disease had been notified in the state of São Paulo since the 1970s. However, in March, 2006, the death of a six-year-old boy from the municipality of Itaporanga was notified to the Center for Epidemiological Survey of the São Paulo State Health Secretariat: an autochthonous case of acute Chagas disease. The postmortem histopathological examination performed in the Hospital das Clínicas of the Botucatu School of Medicine confirmed the diagnosis. Reference to hospital records, consultation with the health professionals involved in the case and interviews with members of the patient's family supplied the basis for this study. We investigated parasite route of transmission, probable local reservoirs and vectors. No further human cases of acute Chagas disease were diagnosed. No locally captured vectors or reservoirs were found infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Alternative transmission hypotheses - such as the possible ingestion of foods contaminated with vector excreta - are discussed, as well as the need to keep previously endemic regions and infested houses under close surveillance. Clinicians should give due attention to such signs as uni- or bilateral palpebral edema, cardiac failure, myocarditis, pericarditis, anasarca and atypical signs of nephrotic syndrome or nephritis and consider the diagnostic hypothesis of Chagas disease.Desde a década de 1970 não se notificavam casos autóctones de doença de Chagas aguda em São Paulo. Em março de 2006 a Vigilância Epidemiológica registrou óbito por doença de Chagas aguda, em Itaporanga, de paciente de seis anos de idade. Exame histopatológico post mortem realizado no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu confirmou o diagnóstico. Consultamos prontuários de hospitais e entrevistamos profissionais de saúde envolvidos além de familiares do paciente. Descrevemos medidas adotadas in loco para identificar a via de transmissão, reservatórios e vetores. Discutimos as possíveis fontes de infecção. Na região não foram identificados outros casos humanos, vetores ou reservatórios vertebrados infectados por Trypanosoma cruzi. Salientamos a importância de manter a vigilância, mesmo em áreas onde a transmissão de doença de Chagas está interrompida e naquelas ainda infestadas por triatomíneos. Deve-se admitir a hipótese diagnóstica de doença de Chagas quando observados: edema palpebral (uni ou bilateral), insuficiência cardíaca, miocardite, pericardite, anasarca, quadros similares aos de síndrome nefrótica ou glomerulonefrite sem causas outras aparentes, em pacientes com dados epidemiológicos positivos. Encontro, mesmo em raras ocasiões, de triatomíneos na região ou ainda contato com alimento contaminável com formas infectantes de T. cruzi

CADA DIA UM NOVO DIA: UM DESAFIO NA BUSCA DA ADAPTAÇÃO DO RECÉM-NASCIDO PORTADOR DE MALFORMAÇÃO E SUA FAMÍLIA

This article is a part of the practical assistance which was conducted by studentes of the Federal University of Santa Catarina as a final project of graduation of the course of nursing. The practical assistance took place at the therapic intensive neonatal unit (tinu) of the hijg and nursery. they had as a main objective to understand the process of adaptation of newborns and their families. the practical assistance was based in the theory of Sister Callista Roy and was conducted during the period of August 30th to october 30th of 2004. The study made possible the identification of congenital malformation which are more commom in the two units. It also made possible the attendance during the process of adaptation of families which faces this situaton, many times experiencing feelings of hate, rejection, negociation, depression, guilt and acceptance toward the newborn . Understanding this situations and find ways to minimize the effects of these behaviors is an important step that should be taken by health professinals related to this area, providing a special and humanized care to all patients.Este artículo es un recorte de la práctica asistencial para el trabajo de conclusión del curso de graduación en enfermería de la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. La práctica asistencial fue realizada en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) del Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão (HIJG) y en el nido, teniendo como objetivo comprender el proceso de adaptación vivenciado por los recién nacidos y sus familiares, fundamentado en la teoría de adaptación de Sister Calista Roy. La práctica asistencial fue desarrollada en el periodo de 30 de agosto a 30 de octubre de 2004. Este estudio permitió la identificación de las malformaciones congénitas más comunes en las dos unidades en el período de la práctica asistencial, así como posibilitó acompañar la adaptación de la familia ante la situación en que se encontraban, muchas veces, vivenciando sentimientos de rabia, negación, negociación, depresión, aislamiento, culpa y aceptación. Comprender estas situaciones y elegir alternativas para minimizarlas es un cuidado importante que debe ser seguido por todo el equipo de salud, de forma que haga una prestación diferenciada y humanizada.Este artigo é um recorte da prática assistencial realizada para o trabalho de conclusão do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. A prática assistencial foi realizada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) do HIJG e no berçário, tendo como objetivo compreender o processo de adaptação vivenciado pelos recém-nascidos e seus familiares, fundamentado na teoria de adaptação de Sister Callista Roy. A prática assistencial foi desenvolvida no período de 30 de agosto a 30 de outubro de 2004. Este estudo permitiu a identificação das malformações congênitas mais comuns nas duas unidades no período da prática assistencial, bem como possibilitou acompanhar a adaptação da família diante da situação em que se encontrava, muitas vezes vivenciando sentimentos de raiva, negação, negociação, depressão, afastamento, culpa e aceitação. Compreender estas situações e buscar alternativas para minimizá-las é um cuidado importante que deve ser tomado por toda a equipe de saúde, buscando desta forma, um atendimento diferenciado e humanizado

Long-term HRV in critically ill pediatric patients: coma versus brain death

Dysfunctions of the autonomic nervous system in critically ill patients with Acute Brain Injury (ABI) lead to changes in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) which appear to be particularly marked in patients subsequently declared in Brain Death (BD). HRV series are non-stationary, exhibit long memory in the mean and time-varying conditional variance (volatility), characteristics that are well modeled by AutoRegressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average (ARFIMA) models with Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) errors. The long memory is estimated by the parameter d of the ARFIMA-GARCH model, whilst the time-varying conditional variance parameters, u and v characterize, respectively, the short-range and the persistence in the conditional variance. In this work, the ARFIMA-GARCH approach is applied to HRV series of 15 pediatric patients with ABI admitted in a pediatric intensive care unit, 5 of which has BD confirmed and 9 patients survived. The long memory and time-varying conditional variance parameters estimated by ARFIMA-GARCH modeling significantly differ between groups and seem able to contribute to characterize disease severity in children with ABI

Discovering universal statistical laws of complex networks

Different network models have been suggested for the topology underlying complex interactions in natural systems. These models are aimed at replicating specific statistical features encountered in real-world networks. However, it is rarely considered to which degree the results obtained for one particular network class can be extrapolated to real-world networks. We address this issue by comparing different classical and more recently developed network models with respect to their generalisation power, which we identify with large structural variability and absence of constraints imposed by the construction scheme. After having identified the most variable networks, we address the issue of which constraints are common to all network classes and are thus suitable candidates for being generic statistical laws of complex networks. In fact, we find that generic, not model-related dependencies between different network characteristics do exist. This allows, for instance, to infer global features from local ones using regression models trained on networks with high generalisation power. Our results confirm and extend previous findings regarding the synchronisation properties of neural networks. Our method seems especially relevant for large networks, which are difficult to map completely, like the neural networks in the brain. The structure of such large networks cannot be fully sampled with the present technology. Our approach provides a method to estimate global properties of under-sampled networks with good approximation. Finally, we demonstrate on three different data sets (C. elegans' neuronal network, R. prowazekii's metabolic network, and a network of synonyms extracted from Roget's Thesaurus) that real-world networks have statistical relations compatible with those obtained using regression models

Sialic Acid Glycobiology Unveils Trypanosoma cruzi Trypomastigote Membrane Physiology.

Trypanosoma cruzi, the flagellate protozoan agent of Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis, is unable to synthesize sialic acids de novo. Mucins and trans-sialidase (TS) are substrate and enzyme, respectively, of the glycobiological system that scavenges sialic acid from the host in a crucial interplay for T. cruzi life cycle. The acquisition of the sialyl residue allows the parasite to avoid lysis by serum factors and to interact with the host cell. A major drawback to studying the sialylation kinetics and turnover of the trypomastigote glycoconjugates is the difficulty to identify and follow the recently acquired sialyl residues. To tackle this issue, we followed an unnatural sugar approach as bioorthogonal chemical reporters, where the use of azidosialyl residues allowed identifying the acquired sugar. Advanced microscopy techniques, together with biochemical methods, were used to study the trypomastigote membrane from its glycobiological perspective. Main sialyl acceptors were identified as mucins by biochemical procedures and protein markers. Together with determining their shedding and turnover rates, we also report that several membrane proteins, including TS and its substrates, both glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, are separately distributed on parasite surface and contained in different and highly stable membrane microdomains. Notably, labeling for α(1,3)Galactosyl residues only partially colocalize with sialylated mucins, indicating that two species of glycosylated mucins do exist, which are segregated at the parasite surface. Moreover, sialylated mucins were included in lipid-raft-domains, whereas TS molecules are not. The location of the surface-anchored TS resulted too far off as to be capable to sialylate mucins, a role played by the shed TS instead. Phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase-C activity is actually not present in trypomastigotes. Therefore, shedding of TS occurs via microvesicles instead of as a fully soluble form

ruvA Mutants that resolve Holliday junctions but do not reverse replication forks

RuvAB and RuvABC complexes catalyze branch migration and resolution of Holliday junctions (HJs) respectively. In addition to their action in the last steps of homologous recombination, they process HJs made by replication fork reversal, a reaction which occurs at inactivated replication forks by the annealing of blocked leading and lagging strand ends. RuvAB was recently proposed to bind replication forks and directly catalyze their conversion into HJs. We report here the isolation and characterization of two separation-of-function ruvA mutants that resolve HJs, based on their capacity to promote conjugational recombination and recombinational repair of UV and mitomycin C lesions, but have lost the capacity to reverse forks. In vivo and in vitro evidence indicate that the ruvA mutations affect DNA binding and the stimulation of RuvB helicase activity. This work shows that RuvA's actions at forks and at HJs can be genetically separated, and that RuvA mutants compromised for fork reversal remain fully capable of homologous recombination