Enzyme production from food wastes using a biorefinery concept

According to Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), one-third of food produced globally for human consumption (nearly 1.3 billion tonnes) is lost along the food supply chain. In many countries food waste is currently landfilled or incinerated together with other combustible municipal wastes for possible recovery of energy. However, these two options are facing more and more economic and environmental stresses. Due to its organic- and nutrient-rich nature, theoretically food waste can be converted to valuable products (e.g. bio-products such as methane, hydrogen, ethanol, enzymes, organic acids, chemicals and fuels) through various fermentation processes. Such conversion of food waste is potentially more profitable than its conversion to animal feed or transportation fuel. Food waste valorisation has therefore gained interest, with value added bio-products such as methane, hydrogen, ethanol, enzymes, organic acids, chemicals, and fuels. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide information on the food waste situation with emphasis on Asia–Pacific countries and the state of the art food waste processing technologies to produce enzymes

Clinical performance of ASAS Health Index in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: real-world evidence from Multicenter Nationwide Registry

PMID = 3281498

Worldwide trends in energy market research

This study examines global research on the subject of energy market in Scopus database. For this purpose, a bibliometric research has been carried out in the fields of title, abstract, and keywords. All the records obtained have been used and analyzed in the following issues: the worldwide evolution of scientific production, the distribution of the type of publications, which is an index of the research maturity, the indexation categories (energy, engineering, and environmental sciences), the main sources where these works were published (energy policy, energy economics, and energy), carrying out an analysis of quality indicators (citations, impact factor, SCImago Journal Rank, or thematic index), the main countries (the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom) and institutions dealing with this subject (University of Cambridge, Technical University of Denmark, and University of California, Berkeley), and the main keywords associated with this subject (commerce, costs, and energy policy). Finally, a study is made of the scientific communities or clusters around which all these world publications are grouped and how they relate to each other. So, seven important communities or clusters have been detected: smart grid, electricity market, renewable energy, oil prices, China, district heating; and one is considered emergent, related to cost and loss allocation