Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

A survey of hand anthropometry of Bangladeshi agricultural farm workers

The target of this investigation was to represent an anthropometric dataset of hand dimensions from agricultural farm workers in two different areas of Bangladesh. A total of 200 farm workers (110 males and 90 females) age between 15 and 52 years-old were included as voluntary participants from two regions of Bangladesh. 27 hand dimensions were measured, recorded, and analysed from the sample populations. The mean, standard deviation, and different percentile esteems of collected data were also estimated and recorded. Moreover, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and t-statistical tests were performed for making the anthropometric comparison among different populaces. Results showed that all the hand dimensions of the males were higher than that recorded for the female participants of Bangladesh. In addition, the outcomes showed noteworthy contrasts in hand measurements among Bangladeshi people and other considered populaces. The result of this examination is expected to influence the design of agricultural hand tools, machinery, and equipment in Bangladesh from industrialized countries. It will also generate the interest of more anthropometric studies in Bangladesh that are related to the design of hand tools or equipment for work or other activities.24 month embargo; available online 12 June 2020This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Prevalence of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle at Meghna upazila in Comilla in Bangladesh

The present study was performed in the Upazila Veterinary Hospital, Meghna, Comilla during the period from September 2006 to February 2007 to observe the prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle at Meghna upazila in Comilla. A total of 253 skin diseased cattle head were examined in this study where 109 were males and 144 were females. The prevalence of FMD was 24.51% at Meghna upazila. The effect of age, sex, breed, season and farming system on the incidence rate of the disease was discussed. Seasonal variation on outbreak of this disease was significantly higher. The clinical prevalence of FMD was highest in the month of November (34.69%) and December (36.20%). The males (35.77%) were more susceptible than females (15.97%). The adult cattle (34.18%) were more susceptible compared to heifer (23.43%) and young (09.72%). In breed, 39.18% indigenous breeds and 15.38% crossed breeds were infected by FMD. So, it could be concluded that the rural farming system, adult, male and the indigenous cattle were more susceptible to FMD in winter season

Use of 1H NMR chemical shifts to determine the absolute configuration and enantiomeric purity for enantiomers of 3,3' -disubstituted-MeO-BIPHEP derivatives1

National Research Council of Canada NRC Research Press Electronic Journals 1. Rights NRC Research Press grants the Subscriber and authorized users at the Subscriber's institution the right to access the electronic version of those NRC Research Press journal volumes for which the Subscriber maintains an electronic subscription. It is a condition of receiving access to the electronic journals that any person who violates either the copyright or the restrictions on distribution, or who condones such acts, may be deprived of future access, including access to back issues, without compensation or refund, while NRC retains the further right to any legal remedies that may be available. 2. Authorized Users Authorized users are defined as employees, faculty and students of the Subscriber who access the electronic journals from a computer terminal within the range of the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses provided by the Subscriber at time of purchase. Access to the electronic journal by persons other than those listed above is restricted to the use of a computer terminal located in a Subscriber library. 3. Authorized Site An authorized site, is a contiguous campus community or buildings which are located within the same city and reporting to the same administrative body. Affiliated locations outside of the defined site are considered to be separate sites. Within a multi-company complex or building, each company is considered to be a separate site. 4. Usage Restrictions The Subscriber and authorized users may view, print and download single copies of articles or other content for personal use. The Subscriber and authorized users may not make copies for general distribution, for advertising or other promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for any resale purpose such as document delivery. For such copying, separate agreements must be made with the copyright owner. The Subscriber will notify all authorized users of permitted and prohibited use, and the Subscriber will take any corrective action necessary against authorized users who contravene these conditions. 5. Copyright No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the written permission of the publisher, except as stated below. The National Research Council of Canada grants premission to individuals to download or print single copies of articles for personal use. Any person may reproduce short excerpts from articles in the journals for any purpose that respects the moral rights of authors, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. As a courtesy, the consent of authors of such material should be obtained directly from the author. Authorization to reproduce items for other than personal use, as stated above, is granted by the National Research Council of Canada provided that the copyright fee of $7.00 per copy is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Centre (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, U.S.A. /Tel: 508-750-8400 / Fax: 508-750-4744. The above permission does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising, or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. For such copying, arrangements must be made with the publisher, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. For British Crown copyright articles, permission for other than private research, study or in-house use must be obtained from The Copyright Unit, St. Clemens House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich, England NR3 1BQ. 6. Warranty NRC accepts no responsibility for statements or opinions expressed by a contributor and consequently accepts no liability for damages that may result from the Subscriber's use of the NRC journals. Acceptance of an advertisement, announcement, or other material does not imply endorsement by either the Journal Editors or NRC. The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office and authoring Departments accept no responsability for the accuracy of any recipe, formula or instruction contained within any British Crown copyright article or any other material in this publication. I AgreeYe

Computational Model for Stereoscopic Image Quality Prediction

In the modern era of Internet along with 3D imaging and communication system, many user-end applications require the estimation of quality of 3D images directly from the bit streams, as the original image may not be available. Though several metrics have been proposed in literature to assess the full reference perceptual quality of 3D images, however no reference quality assessment is still undeveloped which is a challenging issue. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a no reference stereoscopic image quality evaluation model based on image artifacts and disparity measure with the incorporation of Human visual system (HVS) characteristics. Based on HVS, we believe that perceptual artifacts of any image are strongly dependent on local features, such as plane and non-plane areas. For this reason, plane and non-plane area based blockiness and blur artifacts and also disparity are measured in this model. The experimental results show that the proposed model gives high correlation with subjective Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

In vitro activity of artemisone against different strains of Helicobacter pylori

Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide, extracted from Artemisia annua. Beside antimalarial property, artemisinin and its analogues have been shown to possess immunomodulatory and antitumor effects. Recently, it was reported that artemisinin and a series of new derivates, are also active against Helicobater pylori. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of artemisone, a new semi synthetic derivative of artemisinin, against both susceptible and resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori isolated in Lombardia region, Italy. Artemisone is a second-generation artemisinin that has shown improved pharmacokinetic properties including longer half-life and lower toxicity. The compound was tested against 25 clinical isolates and one reference strain of H. pylori using the broth microdilution methodology. Furthermore, in order to verify the rate and extent of killing of H. pylori by the artemisone, bactericidal kinetic was also performed against the reference strain ATCC 43504. The inhibitory concentrations of artemisone were similar to the bactericidal ones, with values ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 \u3bcg/ml. Independently from their susceptibility to metronidazole or chlaritromycin, 90% of the investigated strains were inhibited in their growth at 0.5 \u3bcg/ml. A decrease of 4-log10 in cell count was observed after 48 h at 0.5 \u3bcg/ml. These results show that artemisone has a promising antibacterial properties against H. pylori and, therefore, in combination with antibiotics, could represent a novel strategy for the treatment of the infection especially in cases of multiresistance

Directed Energy Deposition Processing-Performance Relationship of AF9628

AF9628 low alloy steel is a novel steel known for its low cost, high hardness, and outstanding tensile performance. However, the processing methods of AF9628 have been less studied in the additive manufacturing field. As the balance of hardness and tensile results is closely related to the cooling process during manufacturing process window and its relationship to resultant tensile properties was explored. By using the DED method, specimens of this steel were successfully fabricated, and tensile test results were obtained. The AF9628 steel can be manufactured for tailored properties with the DED process by controlling the cooling method. This work was funded by ARL - GVSC under cooperative agreement W911NF-20-2-0251.Mechanical Engineerin

Dynamics of chemically reactive Carreau nanomaterial flow along a stretching Riga plate with active bio-mixers and Arrhenius catalysts

Nanomaterial flow has fascinated the concern of scientists across the globe due to its innovative applications in various manufacturing, industrial, and engineering domains. Bearing aforementioned uses in mind, the focal point of this study is to examine the Carreau nanofluid flow configured by the Riga surface with Arrhenius catalysts. Microorganisms are also suspended in nanofluid to strengthen the density of the regular fluid. Time-dependent coupled partial differential equations that represent the flow dynamics are modified into dimensionless patterns via appropriate non-dimensional variables, and handled through an explicit finite difference approach with stability appraisal. The performances of multiple flow variables are examined graphically and numerically. Representation of 3D surface and contour plots for heat transportation and entropy generation are also epitomized. The findings express that the modified Hartmann number strengthens the motion of nanomaterial. Reverse outcomes for heat transport rate and entropy are seen for the radiation variable. Concentration diminishes for chemical reaction variable. Activation energy enhances the concentration of nanomaterial, whereas reduction happens in the movement of microbes for bio-Lewis number. Greater Brinkman variable heightens the entropy