Innovación y estrategias de intervención en acoso escolar

Los problemas de convivencia escolar, violencia escolar, bullying y cyberbullying, en los centros españoles son una realidad y, por tanto, es necesario que los futuros docentes cuenten con estrategias específicas para el abordaje de estas situaciones cuando se enfrenten a la realidad de las aulas. En este manual, profesionales del área de la convivencia escolar presentan las actuaciones, programas y herramientas disponibles que en estos momentos se están poniendo en práctica en los centros escolares con resultados positivos. Así, se pretende ampliar el conocimiento teórico-práctico en el ámbito de la convivencia, gestión de conflictos y violencia escolar.EducaciónPsicologí

Estudio prospectivo, de seguimiento en pacientes con enfermedad de Gaucher Tipo 1 que reciben tratamiento con CERDELGA®. Proyecto TRAZELGA

Poster [PC-303] Introducción: La enfermedad de Gaucher tipo 1 (EG1), secundaria al déficit en la enzima glucocerebrosidasa lisosomal, provoca el acúmulo de glucocerebrósido principalmente en macrófagos, causando deterioro de los órganos en los que se deposita. El nuevo inhibidor de substrato Eliglustat (ELG), aprobado por la EMEA en 2015 y disponible desde enero 2017, inhibe de forma selectiva y potente la enzima glucosilceramida sintasa, disminuyendo el acúmulo de substrato, está indicado en EG1 metabolizadores rápidos, intermedios o lentos para el citocromo CYP2D6. Los ensayos clínicos de fase 2 y 3 demostraron mejora y estabilización de los parámetros tanto en los pacientes naïve, como en los de tratamiento enzimático sustitutivo. En este trabajo se expone el estudio de trazabilidad del tratamiento con eliglustat en pacientes con GD1 en España (TRAZELGA). Material y Métodos: El estudio nacional, multicéntrico TRAZELGA, ha sido diseñado como herramienta para evaluar de forma uniforme la respuesta al tratamiento durante un año, analizando los cambios en parámetros clínicos y biomarcadores habituales, registro de medicamentos concomitantes y efectos adversos a ELG, estudio de calidad de vida e incorporando un estudio exploratorio de marcadores de activación del sistema inmune (perfil de citoquinas, ferritina, lipocalina, gammaglobulinas, marcadores de estrés oxidativo), así como cambios en la infiltración medular cuantificados por RM y DEXA. Previo al inicio de ELG se realizó una evaluación de función cardíaca, hepática y renal. Resultados: 35 pacientes han iniciado tratamiento oral con Eliglustat. En esta presentación aportamos resultados preliminares de 21 pacientes (mediana de edad: 43, 8 años(23-75), 47% varones), genotipo de EG N370S/N370S: (29, 4%), N370S/L444P (41, 2%), otros dobles heterocigotos con N370S (29, 4%), metabolismo del CYP2D6 (12% metabolizadores lentos, 64, 5% intermedios y 33, 5% rápidos, ningún paciente recibió el tratamiento en prímera línea y sus características basales (tabla1), son de pacientes estabilizados con TES (15 casos) o miglustat (6). Un paciente esplenectomizado. 3 pacientes esplenomegalia palpable al momento de inclusión. 6 pacientes con multimorbilidades y polimedicaciones y 5 pacientes aquejaban astenia como síntoma principal antes de su inclusión en este estudio. El seguimiento medio actual es de 6 meses. Conclusiones: Se espera incluir un total de 30 pacientes en el estudio y analizar la influencia de Eliglustat sobre los biomarcadores, marcadores de inflamación, densidad mineral ósea. Tener información sobre adherencia, efectos adversos en práctica clínica habitual y grado de satisfacción. Aunque escasos, hasta ahora no hay publicada información de la respuesta al tratamiento en pacientes provenientes de tratamiento con miglustat. En caso de aceptación se presentará un análisis exhaustivo, invitando a todos los interesados a unirse al proyecto

Ideal cardiovascular health and inflammation in European adolescents: The HELENA study

Background and aims Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and this process seems to appear in childhood. The ideal cardiovascular health index (ICHI) has been inversely related to atherosclerotic plaque in adults. However, evidence regarding inflammation and ICHI in adolescents is scarce. The aim is to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation in European adolescents. Methods and results As many as 543 adolescents (251 boys and 292 girls) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study, a cross-sectional multi-center study including 9 European countries, were measured. C-reactive protein (CRP), complement factors C3 and C4, leptin and white blood cell counts were used to compute an inflammatory score. Multilevel linear models and multilevel logistic regression were used to assess the association between ICHI and inflammation controlling by covariates. Higher ICHI was associated with a lower inflammatory score, as well as with several individual components, both in boys and girls (p < 0.01). In addition, adolescents with at least 4 ideal components of the ICHI had significantly lower inflammatory score and lower levels of the study biomarkers, except CRP. Finally, the multilevel logistic regression showed that for every unit increase in the ICHI, the probability of having an inflammatory profile decreased by 28.1% in girls. Conclusion Results from this study suggest that a better ICHI is associated with a lower inflammatory profile already in adolescence. Improving these health behaviors, and health factors included in the ICHI, could play an important role in CVD prevention

Innovación y estrategias de intervención en acoso escolar

Los problemas de convivencia escolar, violencia escolar, bullying y cyberbullying, en los centros españoles son una realidad y, por tanto, es necesario que los futuros docentes cuenten con estrategias específicas para el abordaje de estas situaciones cuando se enfrenten a la realidad de las aulas. En este manual, profesionales del área de la convivencia escolar presentan las actuaciones, programas y herramientas disponibles que en estos momentos se están poniendo en práctica en los centros escolares con resultados positivos. Así, se pretende ampliar el conocimiento teórico-práctico en el ámbito de la convivencia, gestión de conflictos y violencia escolar.EducaciónPsicologí

Associations between food portion sizes, insulin resistance, VO2 max and metabolic syndrome in European adolescents : the HELENA study

Background and aims: This study aims to examine the associations of food portion size (PS) with markers of insulin resistance (IR) and clustered of metabolic risk score in European ad-olescents. Methods: A total of 495 adolescents (53.5% females) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study were included. The association between PS from food groups and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, VO2 max, and metabolic risk score was assessed by multilinear regression analysis adjusting for several con-founders. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the mean differences of food PS from food groups by HOMA-IR cutoff categories by using maternal education as a covariable.Results: Larger PS from vegetables in both gender and milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages in males were associated with higher VO2 max, while larger PS from margarines and vegetable oils were associated with lower VO2 max (p < 0.05). Males who consumed larger PS from fish and fish products; meat substitutes, nuts, and pulses; cakes, pies, and biscuits; and sugar, honey, jams, and chocolate have a higher metabolic risk score (p < 0.05). Males with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from vegetables, milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages (p < 0.05). Fe-males with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from breakfast cereals, while those with higher HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from butter and animal fats (p = 0.018).Conclusion: The results show that larger PS from dairy products, cereals, and high energy dense foods are a significant determinant of IR and VO2 max, and larger PS from food with higher con-tent of sugar were associated with higher metabolic risk score

Do dietary patterns determine levels of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 intake and corresponding biomarkers in European adolescents? The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

Objectives: To determine dietary patterns (DPs) and explain the highest variance of vitamin B6, folate, and B12 intake and related concentrations among European adolescents. Methods: A total of 2173 adolescents who participated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study met the eligibility criteria for the vitamin B intake analysis (46% boys) and 586 adolescents for the biomarkers analysis (47% boys). Two non-consecutive, 24-h, dietary recalls were used to assess the mean intakes. Concentrations were measured by chromatography and immunoassay testing. A reduced rank regression was applied to elucidate the combined effect of food intake of vitamin B and related concentrations. Results: The identified DPs (one per vitamin B intake and biomarker and by sex) explained a variability between 34.2% and 23.7% of the vitamin B intake and between 17.2% and 7% of the biomarkers. In the reduced rank regression models, fish, eggs, cheese, whole milk and buttermilk intakes were loaded positively for vitamin B intake in both sexes; however, soft drinks and chocolate were loaded negatively. For the biomarkers, a higher variability was observed in the patterns in terms of food loads such as alcoholic drinks, sugars, and soft drinks. Some food items were loaded differently between intakes and biomarkers such as fish products, which was loaded positively for intakes but negatively for plasma folate in girls. Conclusions: The identified DPs explained up to 34.2% and 17.2% of the variability of the vitamin B intake and plasma concentrations, respectively, in European adolescents. Further studies are needed to elucidate the factors that determine such patterns