Quality classification of Spanish olive oils by untargeted gas chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and metabolomics-based statistical approach

The novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source has been used in combination with gas chromatography (GC) coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry (MS) for determination of volatile components of olive oil, enhancing its potential for classification of olive oil samples according to their quality using a metabolomics-based approach. The full-spectrum acquisition has allowed the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in olive oil samples, including extra virgin, virgin and lampante qualities. A dynamic headspace extraction with cartridge solvent elution was applied. The metabolomics strategy consisted of three different steps: a full mass spectral alignment of GC-MS data using MzMine 2.0, a multivariate analysis using Ez-Info and the creation of the statistical model with combinations of responses for molecular fragments. The model was finally validated using blind samples, obtaining an accuracy in oil classification of 70 % taking the official established method, “PANEL TEST” as reference.The authors acknowledge the financial support of Generalitat Valenciana, as research group of excellence (PROMETEO II/2014/023) and Collaborative Research on Environment and Food-Safety (ISIC/2012/016). This work and C. Sales grant has been supported by Universitat Jaume I research promotion plans (P1-1B2013-70

On-line tools to improve the presentation skills of scientific results

[EN] In experimental sciences and engineering it is essential to communicate and present the results effectively. The authors have participated in several educational innovation projects since 2016, aimed at developing of materials to improve the communication skills of scientific results. An exhaustive and updated compilation of the international rules that constitute the basis for the writted and oral scientific presentations was carried out. The good teaching practices in these fields were also identified. The results of those previous projects have shown the need to incorporate web questionnaires and other interactive content into the educational program. These are adapted to the demands of the students and provide a training feeback. In this contribution, the new materials that are being developed within the innovation project UV-SFPIE_PID19-1096780, funded by the University of Valencia, are presented. They are devoted to facilitate the acquisition of communication skills of scientific results. In particular, these tools combine ICT self-learning environments with traditional classroom teaching (blended learning). The project methodology includes educational data mining aimed at identifying the most effective materials and activities to achieve its objectives. The aim of these mixed learning tools is to facilitate the acquisition by the students of the necessary skills of oral and written communication, improve their presentation skills and, consequently, also their employability as university graduates.This work has been supported by the University of Valencia through project SFPIE_PID19-1096780.Campos-Taberner, M.; Gilabert, M.; Manzanares, J.; Mafé, S.; Cervera, J.; García-Haro, F.; Martínez, B.... (2020). On-line tools to improve the presentation skills of scientific results. IATED. 4907-4910. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2020.1342S4907491

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Comparative study of the sensory integration vulnerabilities of children with ASD based on the socialization context

Introducción: Las vulnerabilidades de integración y modulación sensorial en los niños con TEA posiblemente no se manifiesten por igual en los diferentes contextos de socialización, dadas las limitaciones en la generalización y la hiperselectividad que habitualmente caracteriza a este trastorno. Objetivo: Comparar la percepción por parte de los padres (entorno familiar) y la percepción por parte de los maestros (entorno escolar) de un grupo de niños con TEA (n=41), en tres tipos de vulnerabilidad de modulación sensorial (hiperresponsividad, hiporesponsividad y búsqueda de sensaciones) en las diferentes modalidades sensoriales. Método: Se utilizó el Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) -versión hogar y versión escuela- y se realizó un análisis por ítems para poder obtener las puntuaciones en cada tipo de vulnerabilidad dentro de cada sistema sensorial, para cada contexto. Resultados: En el entorno familiar se obtuvieron puntuaciones más disfuncionales solo en las medidas de búsqueda sensorial en visión y conciencia corporal, mientras que en el entorno escolar se obtuvieron puntuaciones más disfuncionales en las medidas de hiperresponsividad olfatoria y gustativa, hiporesponsividad visual y búsqueda sensorial en tacto, olfato y gusto. Conclusión: En el contexto escolar parecen darse más vulnerabilidades de integración y modulación sensorial que en el contexto familiar, especialmente en las modalidades sensoriales del olfato y gusto. En definitiva, se confirma la presencia de diferencias en las distintas vulnerabilidades de integración y modulación sensorial en algunas modalidades sensoriales en función del contexto. Es por ello que resulta necesario evaluar cada tipo de vulnerabilidad en cada uno de los diferentes contextos de socialización de los niños con TEA.Introduction: Sensory integration and modulation vulnerabilities of children with ASD may not manifest equally in the different contexts of socialization, given the limitations in the generalization and the hyper-selectivity that usually characterizes this disorder. Objective: To compare the parents (family environment) and the teachers (school environment) perception of a group of children with ASD (n = 41) in three types of sensory modulation vulnerability (over-responsivity, under-responsivity and sensation seeking) in the different sensory modalities. Method: The Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) –home version and classroom version- was used and analysis was performed item by item in order to obtain scores for each type of vulnerability in each sensory system for each context. Results: In the family environment more dysfunctional scores were obtained only in the measures of sensory seeking in vision and body awareness, while in the school environment more dysfunctional scores were obtained in the measures of olfactory and gustatory over-responsivity, visual under-responsivity and sensory seeking in touch, smell and taste. Conclusion: In the school environment more sensory integration and modulation vulnerabilities seem to be present than in the family environment, especially what refers to the smell and taste sensory modalities. In short the presence of differences in the different sensory integration and modulation vulnerabilities of some sensory modalities depending on the context is confirmed. That is why it is necessary to evaluate each type of vulnerability in each of the different socialization contexts of children with ASD

Overview of the geometries of shape spaces and diffeomorphism groups

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014. This article provides an overview of various notions of shape spaces, including the space of parametrized and unparametrized curves, the space of immersions, the diffeomorphism group and the space of Riemannian metrics. We discuss the Riemannian metrics that can be defined thereon, and what is known about the properties of these metrics.We put particular emphasis on the induced geodesic distance, the geodesic equation and its well-posedness, geodesic and metric completeness and properties of the curvature