1,815 research outputs found
Semantic modelling of learning objects and instruction
We introduce an ontology-based semantic modelling framework that addresses subject domain modelling, instruction modelling, and interoperability aspects in the development of complex reusable learning objects. Ontologies are knowledge representation frameworks, ideally suited to support knowledge-based modelling of these learning objects. We illustrate the benefits of semantic modelling for learning object assemblies within the context of standards such as SCORM Sequencing and Navigation and Learning Object Metadata
Mean flow and spiral defect chaos in Rayleigh-Benard convection
We describe a numerical procedure to construct a modified velocity field that
does not have any mean flow. Using this procedure, we present two results.
Firstly, we show that, in the absence of mean flow, spiral defect chaos
collapses to a stationary pattern comprising textures of stripes with angular
bends. The quenched patterns are characterized by mean wavenumbers that
approach those uniquely selected by focus-type singularities, which, in the
absence of mean flow, lie at the zig-zag instability boundary. The quenched
patterns also have larger correlation lengths and are comprised of rolls with
less curvature. Secondly, we describe how mean flow can contribute to the
commonly observed phenomenon of rolls terminating perpendicularly into lateral
walls. We show that, in the absence of mean flow, rolls begin to terminate into
lateral walls at an oblique angle. This obliqueness increases with Rayleigh
number.Comment: 14 pages, 19 figure
Pairwise Force SPH Model for Real-Time Multi-Interaction Applications
In this paper, we present a novel pairwise-force smoothed particle hydrodynamics (PF-SPH) model to allow modeling of various interactions at interfaces in real time. Realistic capture of interactions at interfaces is a challenging problem for SPH-based simulations, especially for scenarios involving multiple interactions at different interfaces. Our PF-SPH model can readily handle multiple kinds of interactions simultaneously in a single simulation; its basis is to use a larger support radius than that used in standard SPH. We adopt a novel anisotropic filtering term to further improve the performance of interaction forces. The proposed model is stable; furthermore, it avoids the particle clustering problem which commonly occurs at the free surface. We show how our model can be used to capture various interactions. We also consider the close connection between droplets and bubbles, and show how to animate bubbles rising in liquid as well as bubbles in air. Our method is versatile, physically plausible and easy-to-implement. Examples are provided to demonstrate the capabilities and effectiveness of our approach
Phase transition in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
Using a static massive spherically symmetric scalar field coupled to gravity
in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) background, first we consider some
asymptotic solutions near horizon and their local equations of state(E.O.S) on
them. We show that near cosmological and event horizons our scalar field
behaves as a dust. At the next step near two pure de-Sitter or Schwarzschild
horizons we obtain a coupling dependent pressure to energy density ratio. In
the case of a minimally couplling this ratio is -1 which springs to the mind
thermodynamical behavior of dark energy. If having a negative pressure behavior
near these horizons we concluded that the coupling constant must be
>. Therefore we derive a new constraint on the value of our coupling .
These two different behaviors of unique matter in the distinct regions of
spacetime at present era can be interpreted as a phase transition from dark
matter to dark energy in the cosmic scales and construct a unified scenario.Comment: 7 pages,no figures,RevTex, Typos corrected and references adde
Probing neutrino masses with future galaxy redshift surveys
We perform a new study of future sensitivities of galaxy redshift surveys to
the free-streaming effect caused by neutrino masses, adding the information on
cosmological parameters from measurements of primary anisotropies of the cosmic
microwave background (CMB). Our reference cosmological scenario has nine
parameters and three different neutrino masses, with a hierarchy imposed by
oscillation experiments. Within the present decade, the combination of the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and CMB data from the PLANCK experiment will
have a 2-sigma detection threshold on the total neutrino mass close to 0.2 eV.
This estimate is robust against the inclusion of extra free parameters in the
reference cosmological model. On a longer term, the next generation of
experiments may reach values of order sum m_nu = 0.1 eV at 2-sigma, or better
if a galaxy redshift survey significantly larger than SDSS is completed. We
also discuss how the small changes on the free-streaming scales in the normal
and inverted hierarchy schemes are translated into the expected errors from
future cosmological data.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. Added results with the KAOS proposal and 1
referenc
Electrical and ultraviolet characterization of 4H-SiC Schottky photodiodes
Fabrication and electrical and optical characterization of 4H-SiC Schottky UV photodetectors with nickel silicide interdigitated contacts is reported. Dark capacitance and current measurements as a function of applied voltage over the temperature range 20 °C â 120 °C are presented. The results show consistent performance among devices. Their leakage current density, at the highest investigated temperature (120 °C), is in the range of nA/cm2 at high internal electric field. Properties such as barrier height and ideality factor are also computed as a function of temperature. The responsivities of the diodes as functions of applied voltage were measured using a UV spectrophotometer in the wavelength range 200 nm - 380 nm and compared with theoretically calculated values. The devices had a mean peak responsivity of 0.093 A/W at 270 nm and â15 V reverse bias
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in Light of SNO Salt Data
In the SNO data from its salt run, probably the most significant result is
the consistency with the previous results without assuming the 8B energy
spectrum. In addition, they have excluded the maximal mixing at a very high
confidence level. This has an important implication on the double beta decay
experiments. For the inverted or degenerate mass spectrum, we find
|_{ee}| > 0.013 eV at 95% CL, and the next generation experiments can
discriminate Majorana and Dirac neutrinos if the inverted or degenerate mass
spectrum will be confirmed by the improvements in cosmology, tritium data beta
decay, or long-baseline oscillation experiments.Comment: REVTEX4, three figures. Now uses the updated SK atmospheric data
rather than naive rescaling. Conclusion unchanged. References adde
Distribution and density of the partition function zeros for the diamond-decorated Ising model
Exact renormalization map of temperature between two successive decorated
lattices is given, and the distribution of the partition function zeros in the
complex temperature plane is obtained for any decoration-level. The rule
governing the variation of the distribution pattern as the decoration-level
changes is given. The densities of the zeros for the first two
decoration-levels are calculated explicitly, and the qualitative features about
the densities of higher decoration-levels are given by conjecture. The Julia
set associated with the renormalization map is contained in the distribution of
the zeros in the limit of infinite decoration level, and the formation of the
Julia set in the course of increasing the decoration-level is given in terms of
the variations of the zero density.Comment: 8 pages,8figure
Fine-Tuning Solution for Hybrid Inflation in Dissipative Chaotic Dynamics
We study the presence of chaotic behavior in phase space in the
pre-inflationary stage of hybrid inflation models. This is closely related to
the problem of initial conditions associated to these inflationary type of
models. We then show how an expected dissipative dynamics of fields just before
the onset of inflation can solve or ease considerably the problem of initial
conditions, driving naturally the system towards inflation. The chaotic
behavior of the corresponding dynamical system is studied by the computation of
the fractal dimension of the boundary, in phase space, separating inflationary
from non-inflationary trajectories. The fractal dimension for this boundary is
determined as a function of the dissipation coefficients appearing in the
effective equations of motion for the fields.Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps figures (uses epsf), Revtex. Replaced with version to
match one in press Physical Review
Sign-reversal of drag in bilayer systems with in-plane periodic potential modulation
We develop a theory for describing frictional drag in bilayer systems with
in-plane periodic potential modulations, and use it to investigate the drag
between bilayer systems in which one of the layers is modulated in one
direction. At low temperatures, as the density of carriers in the modulated
layer is changed, we show that the transresistivity component in the direction
of modulation can change its sign. We also give a physical explanation for this
behavior.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
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