Factors That Limit the Transfer of Training in Academic Environment

The objective of academic training is to improve educators' teaching practice to achieve the targeted learning outcomes. Yet, its impact on effective teaching practices is not significant. However, this study investigates the factors affect and limits the transfer of knowledge and skills acquired from academic training to the classroom in Najran University.In this study deductive approach, analytical and descriptive methods were used. Data was largely collected with a questionnaire; interviews and observation were also used to confirm collected data.It is concluded from this study that training design, participant readiness, environment resources to transfer, supervisor support; affect the transfer of learning acquired from academic training to the classroom. The findings suggest that a well-designed academic training can result in a better learning and effective transfer of acquired knowledge and skills into the classroom. Keywords: Factors, training transfer, academic environment, learning, classroom, educators

A study of cluster analysis techniques and their applications

This thesis seeks to describe the development of an inexpensive and efficient clustering technique for multivariate data analysis. The technique starts from a multivariate data matrix and ends with graphical representation of the data and pattern recognition discriminant function. The technique also results in distances frequency distribution that might be useful in detecting clustering in the data or for the estimation of parameters useful in the discrimination between the different populations in the data. The technique can also be used in feature selection. The technique is essentially for the discovery of data structure by revealing the component parts of the data. lhe thesis offers three distinct contributions for cluster analysis and pattern recognition techniques. The first contribution is the introduction of transformation function in the technique of nonlinear mapping. The second contribution is the us~ of distances frequency distribution instead of distances time-sequence in nonlinear mapping, The third contribution is the formulation of a new generalised and normalised error function together with its optimal step size formula for gradient method minimisation. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. The second chapter describes multidimensional scaling as an origin of nonlinear mapping technique. The third chapter describes the first developing step in the technique of nonlinear mapping that is the introduction of "transformation function". The fourth chapter describes the second developing step of the nonlinear mapping technique. This is the use of distances frequency distribution instead of distances time-sequence. The chapter also includes the new generalised and normalised error function formulation. Finally, the fifth chapter, the conclusion, evaluates all developments and proposes a new program. for cluster analysis and pattern recognition by integrating all the new features

A PLL control for self-tuning of parallel wireless power transfer receivers utilizing switch-mode gyrator emulated inductors

In multiple receivers wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, it is preferable to retune the resonant frequency of every receiver to the transmitter operating frequency in front of frequency mismatches. This paper discusses a proposal for electronic tuning for WPT receivers by means of a variable active switch-mode inductance. The proposed method benefits from the gyrator concept to emulate a variable inductance. Instead of the conventional approach of linear amplifier based implementation of a gyrator, a switch-mode gyrator circuit is exploited for more efficient operation. Additionally, a PLL-like control is presented to enable self-tuning for the receiver resonant tank. Furthermore, a design-space characterization for the system dynamic behavior has been discussed to show the control robustness and the instabilities (including slow-scale and fast-scale chaotic instabilities) it may undergo.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

أحكام الحضاةً في الفقه الإسلاهي هقارةً بقاوًى الأحوال الشخصية الليبي )دراسة فقهية مقارنة( Ahkam Al-hadhonah Fi Al-fiqh Al-Islamy Muqoranah Bi Qonun Al Wa As-Syakhshiyah Al-aliby

This message looking for a nursery in the provisions of Islamic jurisprudence and Libyan law. This thesis is applied for Islamic Law master Program, Muhammadiyyah University of Surakarta. Arranged by: Tahani Mahmoud Saad. NIM: O20012000. Supervised by Dr.Muhammad Muinudinillah Basry, MA and Dr. Mohamed Abdel Khalik Hassan. Year 2014 AD - 1435 H. This message qualitative research office, which made me posting this research, is the large number of issues on the nursery in the courtyard of the judiciary in the Libyan society and the problems of supply in the following research: how to reconcile the law with the Libyan Islamic jurisprudence in the door of the provisions of the nursery? Where my goal is to liberate accountable nursery comparative study of Islamic jurisprudence with Are said the four schools with Libyan law. The approach taken by the research methodology Allosteric analytical comparison. Find the most important findings: that the law of personal status Libyan nursery door is consistent with the Maliki school except for some cases, where interest requires otherwise, because throughout the nursery are the interests of the child and because the interest on the introduction of all other interests. As it became clear that the Libyan law leave it to the judge in some cases, in the interest of the child and for the judge to rule it under the authority and with what is agreed with the doctrine the militant also criticized the Libyan law did not address some of the texts in the nursery but there is a text item number (72, paragraph b) mentions where if there is no legislative text can be applied he is condemned under Islamic Sharia principles most relevant to the provisions of this law and this indicates that the Personal Status law in the Libyan nursery door with a conciliator Islamic jurisprudence because originally derives its legitimacy from Islamic jurisprudence

WITHDRAWN: Comparative study between bio-and phosphorus fertilization on growth, yield and fruit quality of banana (Musa spp.) grown on sandy soil

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy

Eikonal Approximation to 5D Wave Equations as Geodesic Motion in a Curved 4D Spacetime

We first derive the relation between the eikonal approximation to the Maxwell wave equations in an inhomogeneous anisotropic medium and geodesic motion in a three dimensional Riemannian manifold using a method which identifies the symplectic structure of the corresponding mechanics. We then apply an analogous method to the five dimensional generalization of Maxwell theory required by the gauge invariance of Stueckelberg's covariant classical and quantum dynamics to demonstrate, in the eikonal approximation, the existence of geodesic motion for the flow of mass in a four dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifold. These results provide a foundation for the geometrical optics of the five dimensional radiation theory and establish a model in which there is mass flow along geodesics. Finally we discuss the case of relativistic quantum theory in an anisotropic medium as well. In this case the eikonal approximation to the relativistic quantum mechanical current coincides with the geodesic flow governed by the pseudo-Riemannian metric obtained from the eikonal approximation to solutions of the Stueckelberg-Schr\"odinger equation. This construction provides a model for an underlying quantum mechanical structure for classical dynamical motion along geodesics on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold. The locally symplectic structure which emerges is that of Stueckelberg's covariant mechanics on this manifold.Comment: TeX file. 17 pages. Rewritten for clarit

Comparison of the spine kinematics by defining lumbar as single and multi-segmental in completing critical daily task

The change of the spinal curvature in completing a variety of daily tasks is essential to independent living. There is still a lack of studies highlighting the lumbar segmental contribution during sit-to-stand (STS) and stand-to-flexion (STF) usingnon-invasive study. The purpose of this study is to compare the spine kinematics by defining lumbar as a single and multi-segmental during continuous daily motion in healthy Asian adults using a non-invasive approach. During STS, most subjects implementedkyphotic lumbar curve during the early stage of motion which revealed poor posture implementation and significant differences in the lumbar kinematics which were only noticeable at specific phases between both approaches. A significant difference in multi-segmental behaviour was observed only at the end of the motion. All three segments displayed different time responses during the transition from kyphotic to lordotic curve. Passive/delayed behavior within the lower lumbar segment was observed between 0-50% of motion completion. During STF, statistically significant differences were found between assuming lumbar as a single and multi-segment in all phases. This in vitro study identified characteristic motion patterns in the lumbar spine during daily motions. The results provided a clear description of the healthy spinal condition of adults and may serve to identify specific multi-segmental contribution

Current-Voltage Analysis of Nanoscale Planar and Vertical MOSFT Incorporating Dielectric Pocket

Characterization of nanoscale planar and vertical metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor incorporating dielectric pocket (DP-MOSFET) is demonstrated by using numerical simulation. Vertical MOSFET is one solution to shrink the channel length (L g ) into nanometer regime. The comparison between planar and vertical MOSFET was done to show an advantages of dielectric pocket and each performances in current-voltage analysis. Dielectric pocket is incorporated between the channel and source/drain for suppression of short-channel effects (SCE) and bulk punchthrough. The current-voltage analysis for both structure shows rational value of threshold voltage (V T ), drive current (I ON ), off-state leakage current (I OFF ), subthreshold swing (S) and Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL). A better control of VT roll-off was also demonstrated by incorporation of DP and better for vertical MOSFET compared to planar MOSFET. Thus, the incorporation of DP will enhance the electrical performance and give a very good control of the SCE for scaling the MOSFET in nanometer regime for future development of nanoelectronics produc

On the equivalence between the Scheduled Relaxation Jacobi method and Richardson's non-stationary method

The Scheduled Relaxation Jacobi (SRJ) method is an extension of the classical Jacobi iterative method to solve linear systems of equations (Au=b) associated with elliptic problems. It inherits its robustness and accelerates its convergence rate computing a set of P relaxation factors that result from a minimization problem. In a typical SRJ scheme, the former set of factors is employed in cycles of M consecutive iterations until a prescribed tolerance is reached. We present the analytic form for the optimal set of relaxation factors for the case in which all of them are strictly different, and find that the resulting algorithm is equivalent to a non-stationary generalized Richardson's method where the matrix of the system of equations is preconditioned multiplying it by D=diag(A). Our method to estimate the weights has the advantage that the explicit computation of the maximum and minimum eigenvalues of the matrix A (or the corresponding iteration matrix of the underlying weighted Jacobi scheme) is replaced by the (much easier) calculation of the maximum and minimum frequencies derived from a von Neumann analysis of the continuous elliptic operator. This set of weights is also the optimal one for the general problem, resulting in the fastest convergence of all possible SRJ schemes for a given grid structure. The amplification factor of the method can be found analytically and allows for the exact estimation of the number of iterations needed to achieve a desired tolerance. We also show that with the set of weights computed for the optimal SRJ scheme for a fixed cycle size it is possible to estimate numerically the optimal value of the parameter ω in the Successive Overrelaxation (SOR) method in some cases. Finally, we demonstrate with practical examples that our method also works very well for Poisson-like problems in which a high-order discretization of the Laplacian operator is employed (e.g., a 9- or 17-points discretization). This is of interest since the former discretizations do not yield consistently ordered A matrices and, hence, the theory of Young cannot be used to predict the optimal value of the SOR parameter. Furthermore, the optimal SRJ schemes deduced here are advantageous over existing SOR implementations for high-order discretizations of the Laplacian operator in as much as they do not need to resort to multi-coloring schemes for their parallel implementation