Evidenced-based Clinical Practice Guideline to Address Cancer-Related Fatigue to Improve Compliance with Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a perilous issue among cancer patients as it affects treatment adherence and lowers the quality of life. The problem identified in this project was the lack of an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) on identifying CRF among patients and their poor treatment adherence with cancer due to fatigue. Addressing the problem is important in the nursing practice to promptly identify and treat CRF among patients and improve treatment adherence. The project was conducted to establish the most effective evidence to guide the development of a CPG for effective interventions on early detection and management of CRF compared to standard practice to reduce the rate of poor treatment adherence among patients with cancer. The Iowa and Orem self-care theories were used as the scientific underpinning for the project. An extensive literature review was conducted to obtain evidence to develop the CPG, and the articles\u27 quality was assessed. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II tool was used by four nurse practitioners as expert panelists to assess the quality and applicability of the CPG across 23 items in six domains. An overall mean domain score of 87.2% was attained, revealing that the CPG was reviewed as a high-quality guideline. The mean overall quality score was 6.5 on a Likert scale from 1 (lowest) to 7 (highest) with 100% (n = 4) recommending using the CPG in their practice without any modification to screen and treat CRF among patients with cancer and in active treatment. The CPG has the potential for positive social change by improving treatment adherence and reducing the rate of treatment dropout by frequent screening, monitoring, and conducting follow-ups

Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov State in the absence of a Magnetic Field

We propose that in a system with pocket Fermi surfaces, a pairing state with a finite total momentum q_tot like the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state can be stabilized even without a magnetic field. When a pair is composed of electrons on a pocket Fermi surface whose center is not located at Gamma point, the pair inevitably has finite q_tot. To investigate this possibility, we consider a two-orbital model on a square lattice that can realize pocket Fermi surfaces and we apply fluctuation exchange approximation. Then, by changing the electron number n per site, we indeed find that such superconducting states with finite q_tot are stabilized when the system has pocket Fermi surfaces.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

The Josephson current in Fe-based superconducting junctions: theory and experiment

We present theory of dc Josephson effect in contacts between Fe-based and spin-singlet $s$-wave superconductors. The method is based on the calculation of temperature Green's function in the junction within the tight-binding model. We calculate the phase dependencies of the Josephson current for different orientations of the junction relative to the crystallographic axes of Fe-based superconductor. Further, we consider the dependence of the Josephson current on the thickness of an insulating layer and on temperature. Experimental data for PbIn/Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$(FeAs)$_2$ point-contact Josephson junctions are consistent with theoretical predictions for $s_{\pm}$ symmetry of an order parameter in this material. The proposed method can be further applied to calculations of the dc Josephson current in contacts with other new unconventional multiorbital superconductors, such as $Sr_2RuO_4$ and superconducting topological insulator $Cu_xBi_2Se_3$.Comment: 16 pages, 14 figure

Electron-Phonon mechanism for Superconductivity in Na0.35_{0.35}CoO2_2: Valence-Band Suhl-Kondo effect Driven by Shear Phonons

To study the possible mechanism of superconductivity in Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_2$, we examine the interaction between all the relevant optical phonons (breathing and shear phonons) and $t_{2g}(a_{1g}+e_g')$-electrons of Co-ions, and study the transition temperature for a s-wave superconductivity. The obtained $T_{\rm c}$ is very low when the $e_g'$-valence-bands are far below the Fermi level. However, $T_{\rm c}$ is strongly enhanced when the top of the $e_g'$-valence-bands is close to the Fermi level (say -50meV), thanks to interband hopping of Cooper pairs caused by shear phonons. This ``valence-band Suhl-Kondo mechanism'' due to shear phonons is significant to understand the superconductivity in Na$_{0.35}$CoO$_2$. By the same mechanism, the kink structure of the band-dispersion observed by ARPES, which indicates the strong mass-enhancement ($m^\ast/m\sim3$) due to optical phonons, is also explained.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; v2:Added references, published in J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Effective triplet interactions in nematic colloids

Three-body effective interactions emerging between parallel cylindrical rods immersed in a nematic liquid crystals are calculated within the Landau-de Gennes free energy description. Collinear, equilateral and midplane configurations of the three colloidal particles are considered. In the last two cases the effective triplet interaction is of the same magnitude and range as the pair one

The characteristics of Hayabusa returned samples and their distributions for NASA and international announcement of opportunity (AO).

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第35回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月30日（金） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Early effects of 7.5% hypertonic saline solution on splanchnic perfusion after hemorrhagic shock

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of SSH resuscitation on systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic variables in an experimental model of controlled hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Ten mongrel dogs were bled (20 ml/min) to a target mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40±5 mmHg. After 30 minutes of shock, animals received SSH infused in 5-minute and they were observed for 60 minutes thereafter. Systemic hemodynamics were evaluated through a Swan-Ganz and arterial catheters while gastrointestinal tract perfusion by a catheter inside the portal vein, an ultrasonic flowprobe around portal vein blood flow (PVBF) and a gastric tonometer. Splanchnic oxygen delivery and consumption, intramucosal pH and veno-arterial, portal-arterial and mucosal-arterial pCO2-gradients (Dap-a pCO2, Dvp-a pCO2 e Dt-a pCO2, respectively) were assessed. RESULTS: Hemorrhage (29.8±2.4ml/Kg) induced significant decreases in MAP (125±6 to 42±1 mmHg), in CO (1.9±0.2 to 0.6±0.1 L/min), and PVBF (504±73 to 126±12 ml/min) while significant increases were detected in Dap-a pCO2 (5.3±0.8 to 19.9±1.6 mmHg) Dvp-a pCO2 (5.4±1.4 to 22.6±2.1 mmHg) and Dt-a pCO2 (6.1±1.1 to 43.8±7.5 mmHg). SSH infusion promoted only partial benefits in systemic and splanchnic blood flows. Reduced pCO2 gradients but fewer effects in Dt-a pCO2 were observed. CONCLUSION: The SSH infusion promoted partial systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic benefits. Those benefits were especially poor at the splanchnic microcirculation, as evaluated by Dt-a pCO2. In addition, systemic and regional oxygen-derived variables do not reflect the regional microcirculation disturbances. Gastrointestinal tonometry clearly represents a useful tool for monitoring splanchnic perfusion in patients in hemodynamic shock.OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos hemodinâmicos sistêmicos e esplâncnico da expansão volêmica inicial com SSH em modelo de choque hemorrágico controlado. MÉTODOS: Dez cães foram submetidos a sangramento controlado (20 ml/min) até uma pressão arterial média de 40±5 mmHg (PAM). Após 30 minutos de choque, receberam 4 ml/Kg de SSH em 5 minutos e posteriormente observados sem intervenções adicionais durante 60 minutos. As variáveis hemodinâmicas sistêmicas foram obtidas de um cateter arterial e de um cateter de Swan-Ganz, enquanto as regionais através da cateterização da veia porta, fluxômetro ultrassônico na veia porta e um tonômetro na cavidade. A oferta, taxa de extração e consumo esplâncnico de oxigênio, pH intramucoso e os gradientes veno-arterial, porta-arterial e mucosa-arterial da pCO2 (Dap-a pCO2, Dvp-a pCO2 e Dt-a pCO2, respectivamente), foram calculados. RESULTADOS: A hemorragia (29,8±2,4 ml/Kg) reduziu a pressão arterial média (125±6 para 42±1 mmHg), o DC (1,9±0,2 para 0,6±0,1 L/min) e o fluxo porta (504±73 para 126±12 ml/min), enquanto elevou o Dap-a pCO2 (5,3±0,8 para 19,9±1,6 mmHg), Dvp-a pCO2 (5,4±1,4 para 22,6±2,1 mmHg) e o Dt-a pCO2 (6,1±1,1 para 43,8±7,5 mmHg). A infusão de SSH resultou em recuperação parcial dos fluxos sistêmico e porta. Atenuou os gradientes de CO2 com menor impacto sobre o Dt-a pCO2. CONCLUSÃO: A SSH promoveu benefícios parciais na perfusão sistêmica e esplâncnica, os quais foram especialmente limitados na microcirculação regional, como demonstrado pelo Dt-a pCO2. Além disso, as variáveis sistêmicas e regionais dependentes de oxigênio, não refletem a adequação da perfusão da mucosa gástrica, enfatizando a importância da monitorização deste território - pela tonometria - durante os estados de choque.USP FM InCorUNIFESP-EPM Depto. de CirurgiaUSP FM Depto. de CardiopneumologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de CirurgiaSciEL

Deformation of Electronic Structures Due to CoO6 Distortion and Phase Diagrams of NaxCoO2.yH2O

Motivated by recently reported experimental phase diagrams, we study the effects of CoO6 distortion on the electronic structure in NaxCoO2.yH2O. We construct the multiband tight-binding model by employing the LDA result. Analyzing this model, we show the deformation of band dispersions and Fermi-surface topology as functions of CoO2-layer thickness. Considering these results together with previous theoretical ones, we propose a possible schematic phase diagram with three successive phases: the extended s-wave superconductivity (SC), the magnetic order, and the spin-triplet SC phases when the Co valence number s is +3.4. A phase diagram with only one phase of spin-triplet SC is also proposed for the s=+3.5 case.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure