Desenvolvimento de competências comunicativas dos alunos no contexto da aprendizagem combinada

This article explores students’ communicative competencies development in the context of blended learning. The relevance of the work is the need of new conditions for students' communicative competencies development. The goal of the work is to prove the effectiveness of blended learning for the development of communicative competences. The article offers recommendations for teachers on competencies development in the implementation of blended learning, and also presents the levels of communicative competences development. In the process, the essence of the application of e-learning in higher educational institutions is revealed.Este artículo explora el desarrollo de las competencias comunicativas de los estudiantes en el contexto del aprendizaje combinado. La relevancia del trabajo es la necesidad de nuevas condiciones para el desarrollo de las competencias comunicativas de los estudiantes. El objetivo del trabajo es demostrar la efectividad del aprendizaje combinado para el desarrollo de competencias comunicativas. El artículo ofrece recomendaciones para maestros sobre el desarrollo de competencias en la implementación del aprendizaje combinado y también presenta los niveles de desarrollo de competencias comunicativas. En el proceso, se revela la esencia de la aplicación del e-learning en las instituciones de educación superior.Este artigo explora o desenvolvimento das habilidades de comunicação dos alunos no contexto da aprendizagem combinada. A relevância do trabalho é a necessidade de novas condições para o desenvolvimento das competências comunicativas dos alunos. O objetivo do trabalho é demonstrar a eficácia da aprendizagem combinada para o desenvolvimento de competências comunicativas. O artigo oferece recomendações para professores sobre o desenvolvimento de competências na implementação da aprendizagem combinada e também apresenta os níveis de desenvolvimento de competências comunicativas. No processo, a essência da aplicação do e-learning em instituições de ensino superior é revelada

Chronic Triple Infection with Hepatitis B, C, and D Viruses in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The purpose of this work was to study the features of the clinical course of mixed infections with hepatitis B+C+D viruses in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (RS(Y)). Materials and Methods: The incidences of these infections were studied in the infectious disease department of the Yakutsk City Clinical Hospital. A total of 74 patients with chronic infection with hepatitis B, C, and D viruses were analyzed. The following markers of HBV (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBcIgG, HBV DNA), HCV (anti-HCV) and HDV (anti-HDV, HDV RNA) were detected. According to PCR (n=35), HCV-RNA was detected in 29(82.8%) patients. In 65.8% of cases, HCV-RNA replication was observed in the absence of HDV-DNA. Mono-replication of HBV (HBV-DNA+, HCV-RNA-) was detected in 17.1% patients, mono-replication of HCV (HBV-DNA-, HCV-RNA+) in 65.7% patients and mixed replication of viruses C, D and/or G (HBV-DNA-, HCV-RNA+, HDV-RNA+/HGV-RNA+) in 17.1% patients. Results: The comparison of biochemical parameters of patients with chronic mixed hepatitis showed that more expressed changes are observed with the mixed replication than with the mono-replicative form of hepatitis

REASONS OF STUDENT SOCIAL APATHY

The purpose of the article: The purpose of this study is to identify the social representations of students about the manifestations of social apathy and its causes. The leading methods for the study of this problem are the method of questioning, which allows conducting a qualitative analysis of students’ social representations about the manifestations of social apathy and its causes; to identify the opinion of students about the manifestations of social apathy in the behavior of young people. Materials and methods: As the main method of research in this work, the method of questioning is chosen. Results of the research: Positions of overcoming of social apathy are allocated: social apathy is a personal problem with which the person has to cope independently, nobody can help him with it; the help of collective in the solution of this problem is necessary; participation of professional psychologists is necessary. The point of view of students is revealed that the solution to this problem has to be complex: the person, collective, psychologists, other social institutions. A number of features of social behavior attributed to people subject to social apathy are shown: unsociability, isolation, irresponsibility, passivity, immersion in their own problems, exposure to someone else's influence, and an understated level of claims. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of reasons for student social apathy is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Metabolic Syndrome in Indigenous Minorities of the North of Yakutia

The aim of our research was to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the North of Yakutia. The study was conducted under expeditionary conditions in the northern regions of Yakutia in the places where the indigenous peoples of the North live. . A total of 686 people aged between 20 and 70 were examined in 4 districts: Anabarsky (Anabar), Nizhnekolymsky (Lower Kolyma), Verkhnekolymsky (Upper Kolyma), and Tomponsky (Tompo). In all regions, there was a high prevalence of hypertension, with the highest frequency in the Anabarsky District. The greatest frequency of MetS was found in the Evenks (56.7%) and the lowest in the Chukchi (20%). Women had higher MetS frequency than men, and differences between men and women are statistically significant, with the highest frequency in Evenks women (61.1%)

State of fish populations in small forest lakes in the Norwegian, Finnish and Russian area

Appendix 9/15 of the publication "State of the environment in the Norwegian, Finnish and Russian border area 2007" (The Finnish Environment 6/2007)

Clinically relevant morphological structures in breast cancer represent transcriptionally distinct tumor cell populations with varied degrees of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and CD44+CD24- stemness

Intratumor morphological heterogeneity in breast cancer is represented by different morphological structures (tubular, alveolar, solid, trabecular, and discrete) and contributes to poor prognosis; however, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, we performed 3D imaging, laser microdissection-assisted array comparative genomic hybridization and gene expression microarray analysis of different morphological structures and examined their association with the standard immunohistochemistry scorings and CD44+CD24- cancer stem cells. We found that the intratumor morphological heterogeneity is not associated with chromosomal aberrations. By contrast, morphological structures were characterized by specific gene expression profiles and signaling pathways and significantly differed in progesterone receptor and Ki-67 expression. Most importantly, we observed significant differences between structures in the number of expressed genes of the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes and the association with cancer invasion pathways. Tubular (tube-shaped) and alveolar (spheroid-shaped) structures were transcriptionally similar and demonstrated co-expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Solid (large shapeless) structures retained epithelial features but demonstrated an increase in mesenchymal traits and collective cell migration hallmarks. Mesenchymal genes and cancer invasion pathways, as well as Ki-67 expression, were enriched in trabecular (one/two rows of tumor cells) and discrete groups (single cells and/or arrangements of 2-5 cells). Surprisingly, the number of CD44+CD24- cells was found to be the lowest in discrete groups and the highest in alveolar and solid structures. Overall, our findings indicate the association of intratumor morphological heterogeneity in breast cancer with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and CD44+CD24- stemness and the appeal of this heterogeneity as a model for the study of cancer invasion

Evidence of novel finescale structural variation at autism spectrum disorder candidate loci

Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a core set of social-communicative and behavioral impairments. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, acting primarily via the GABA receptors (GABR). Multiple lines of evidence, including altered GABA and GABA receptor expression in autistic patients, indicate that the GABAergic system may be involved in the etiology of autism. Methods: As copy number variations (CNVs), particularly rare and de novo CNVs, have now been implicated in ASD risk, we examined the GABA receptors and genes in related pathways for structural variation that may be associated with autism. We further extended our candidate gene set to include 19 genes and regions that had either been directly implicated in the autism literature or were directly related (via function or ancestry) to these primary candidates. For the high resolution CNV screen we employed custom-designed 244 k comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) arrays. Collectively, our probes spanned a total of 11 Mb of GABA-related and additional candidate regions with a density of approximately one probe every 200 nucleotides, allowing a theoretical resolution for detection of CNVs of approximately 1 kb or greater on average. One hundred and sixty-eight autism cases and 149 control individuals were screened for structural variants. Prioritized CNV events were confirmed using quantitative PCR, and confirmed loci were evaluated on an additional set of 170 cases and 170 control individuals that were not included in the original discovery set. Loci that remained interesting were subsequently screened via quantitative PCR on an additional set of 755 cases and 1,809 unaffected family members. Results: Results include rare deletions in autistic individuals at JAKMIP1, NRXN1, Neuroligin4Y, OXTR, and ABAT. Common insertion/deletion polymorphisms were detected at several loci, including GABBR2 and NRXN3. Overall, statistically significant enrichment in affected vs. unaffected individuals was observed for NRXN1 deletions. Conclusions: These results provide additional support for the role of rare structural variation in ASD

Free-living use of artificial pancreas for children with type 1 diabetes: systematic review

BACKGRAUND: A closed-loop glucose control system or artificial pancreas consists of three components a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM), infusion pumps to deliver hormone(s) and a sophisticated dosing algorithm to control hormone delivery. In the past years, numerous studies with closed-loop system devices were conducted with gradual shift to out-of-hospital environment and with lengthening study duration. AIMS: To compare efficacy and safety of closed-loop insulin pump use in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in compare with conventional insulin treatment (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with our without CGM) based on randomized control trials data (RCT). METHODS: In the systematic review we have include 28 randomized controlled trials results indexed in PubMed, Medline databases published till 15 June 2017. The efficacy on metabolic control in this study evaluated by the proportion of time within target range (preferably 70 to 180 mg/dl if reported) and mean (median) glucose based on sensor measurements, and the safety evaluated by time in hypoglycemia (below 70 mg/dl if reported). RESULTS: Increased time in range in the night period was observed in all RCT. Only 3 RCT showed decrease of the time in range within 24 h evaluation period. In one RCT the significant positive differences have been shown in the time in range for dual hormone closed-loop glucose control system in compare with insulin-only artificial pancreas. Mean glycaemia and glucose variability changes were not in the same manner in different RCT, both in the night only and in 24 h estimation period. Night hypoglycemia duration decreased in most RCT with closed-loop control in compare with CSII, and increased only in 2 RCT. When all-day estimation period the time in hypoglycemia changed not in the same manner in different RCT. Valuable methodology differences of the glycaemic control estimation within observed RCT brought significant complications in the data analysis and made impossible the results quantitative estimation to prepare a metaanalysis. CONCLUSIONS: Much work has been done to develop effective and safe artificial pancreas, but not all RCTs confirmed advantages of closed-loop glucose control in compare with CSII in children and adolescents in real life. More research with prospective randomized control design required to prove benefits of closed-loop glucose control. Further RCTs should have an uniform methodology for glycemic control assessment and long duration that will allow to use cumulative measures in a closed-loop efficacy estimation (HbA1c)

The rs738409 (I148M) Variant of the PNPLA3 Gene and Type 2 Diabetes in Yakutia

The purpose of our research was to study the association of the PNPLA3 SNP rs738409 (C>G) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Yakuts. The frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of the PNPLA3 rs738409 SNP was in accordance with HWE. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the PNPLA3 SNP rs738409 (C>G) between T2D patients and non-T2D patients (P>0.05); the G allele and homozygous GG genotype prevailed in both groups. In T2D patients, a high frequency of the G allele (74.1%) was found, with a predominance of the GG genotype (58.5%). We also found that the mutant allele frequency is higher than in the studied populations of the world. Further studies with larger sample size are required to achieve sufficient statistical power to detect the association of the PNPLA3 SNP (rs738409 with the development of T2D in Yakut patients

Different Effect of Proteasome Inhibition on Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Poliovirus Replication

Proteasome activity is an important part of viral replication. In this study, we examined the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and poliovirus. We found that the proteasome inhibitors significantly suppressed VSV protein synthesis, virus accumulation, and protected infected cells from toxic effect of VSV replication. In contrast, poliovirus replication was delayed, but not diminished in the presence of the proteasome inhibitors MG132 and Bortezomib. We also found that inhibition of proteasomes stimulated stress-related processes, such as accumulation of chaperone hsp70, phosphorylation of eIF2α, and overall inhibition of translation. VSV replication was sensitive to this stress with significant decline in replication process. Poliovirus growth was less sensitive with only delay in replication. Inhibition of proteasome activity suppressed cellular and VSV protein synthesis, but did not reduce poliovirus protein synthesis. Protein kinase GCN2 supported the ability of proteasome inhibitors to attenuate general translation and to suppress VSV replication. We propose that different mechanisms of translational initiation by VSV and poliovirus determine their sensitivity to stress induced by the inhibition of proteasomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study that connects the effect of stress induced by proteasome inhibition with the efficiency of viral infection