Consistency of Bayesian procedures for variable selection

It has long been known that for the comparison of pairwise nested models, a decision based on the Bayes factor produces a consistent model selector (in the frequentist sense). Here we go beyond the usual consistency for nested pairwise models, and show that for a wide class of prior distributions, including intrinsic priors, the corresponding Bayesian procedure for variable selection in normal regression is consistent in the entire class of normal linear models. We find that the asymptotics of the Bayes factors for intrinsic priors are equivalent to those of the Schwarz (BIC) criterion. Also, recall that the Jeffreys--Lindley paradox refers to the well-known fact that a point null hypothesis on the normal mean parameter is always accepted when the variance of the conjugate prior goes to infinity. This implies that some limiting forms of proper prior distributions are not necessarily suitable for testing problems. Intrinsic priors are limits of proper prior distributions, and for finite sample sizes they have been proved to behave extremely well for variable selection in regression; a consequence of our results is that for intrinsic priors Lindley's paradox does not arise.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS606 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Patients’ opinions about knowing their risk for depression and what to do about it: The PredictD-Qualitative study

Background: The predictD study developed and validated a risk algorithm for predicting the onset of major depression in primary care. We aimed to explore the opinion of patients about knowing their risk for depression and the values and criteria upon which these opinions are based. Methods: A maximum variation sample of patients was taken, stratified by city, age, gender, immigrant status, socioeconomic status and lifetime depression. The study participants were 52 patients belonging to 13 urban health centres in seven different cities around Spain. Seven Focus Groups (FGs) were given held with primary care patients, one for each of the seven participating cities. Results: The results showed that patients generally welcomed knowing their risk for depression. Furthermore, in light of available evidence several patients proposed potential changes in their lifestyles to prevent depression. Patients generally preferred to ask their General Practitioners (GPs) for advice, though mental health specialists were also mentioned. They suggested that GPs undertake interventions tailored to each patient, from a ‘‘patient-centred’’ approach, with certain communication skills, and giving advice to help patients cope with the knowledge that they are at risk of becoming depressed. Conclusions: Patients are pleased to be informed about their risk for depression. We detected certain beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations and behaviour among the patients that were potentially useful for future primary prevention programmes on depression.Junta de Andalucía 2008/0195Gobierno Vasco 2008/111021Spanish Network of Primary Care Research (redIAPP) RD06/0018Salud Mental, Servicios y Atención Primaria (SAMSERAP

La historia de la química en el currículo de ESO y de bachillerato (LOE) : una revisión interdisciplinar para la investigación didáctica

Actualmente la historia de la ciencia es considerada una potente herramienta en la enseñanza de las ciencias, al mismo tiempo que la enseñanza se ha revelado como un área de interés para los estudios históricos y sociales sobre ciencia. A fin de potenciar la sinergia didáctica-historia en la enseñanza de las ciencias, especialmente de la química, el presente trabajo hace una revisión doblemente interdisciplinar del currículo de ESO y bachillerato como primer estadio en la investigación educativa, atendiendo a materias científico-tecnológicas y humanístico-sociales e incorporando enfoques procedentes de la historia de la ciencia.Actualment la història de la ciència és considerada una potent eina en l'ensenyament de les ciències, al mateix temps que l'ensenyament s'ha revelat com un àrea d'interès per als estudis històrics i socials sobre ciència. A fi de potenciar la sinergia didàctica-història en l'ensenyament de les ciències, especialment de la química, el present treball fa una revisió doblement interdisciplinària del currículum d'ESO i batxillerat com a primer estadi en la recerca educativa, atenent a matèries científic-tecnològiques i humanístic-socials i incorporant enfocaments procedents de la història de la ciència.History of science is considered a powerful tool for science education nowadays. Both, historical and social studies of science have begun to consider education as an interesting area. In order to upgrade didactics-history dyad for science education, especially chemistry education, this paper will review the Secondary National Curriculum from a dual interdisciplinary perspective, deeming scientific and humanities subjects and incorporating new approaches from history of science as first step on didactics research

How do Secondary Education Textbooks treat the History of Chemistry? An analysis from Science Education Research and the History of Science

Tanto desde la investigación didáctica como desde la investigación histórica se ha señalado la importancia de revisar las narrativas históricas sobre ciencia presentes en materiales educativos. En esta línea, el presente artículo muestra los resultados de investigación del análisis de los libros de texto de Física y Química de ESO y Bachillerato de cinco destacadas editoriales, ampliamente utilizadas en el marco LOE (2007-2016). El análisis realizado ha revelado que si bien escasa, la historia de la química en estos materiales educativos se sitúa lejos de los enfoques proporcionados por la investigación en Historia de la Ciencia; desatendiendo también los requerimientos establecidos por la investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales.Science education research, as well as the History of Science, has pointed out the importance of reviewing the history of science in teaching materials. From this perspective, this paper presents the results of the analysis of the Physics and Chemistry Secondary Education textbooks from five recognized publishers, widely used between 2007 and 2016 in Spain. This analysis has revealed that, even with a poor presence, the history of chemistry in Secondary Education textbooks neglects the approaches provided by historians of science and the pedagogical requirements established by Science Education research

Hybrid algorithm with perturbations for total asymptotically non-expansive mappings in CAT(0) space

In this paper, we establish strong and Δ-convergence theorems of the modified hybrid-CR three steps iteration with perturbations for total asymptotically non-expansive mapping in CAT(0) spaces. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results from the current literature. We also provide three examples to illustrate the convergence behaviour of the proposed algorithm and numerically compare the convergence of the proposed iteration scheme with the existing schemes

Tecnologías de geolocalización y realidad aumentada en contextos educativos: experiencias y herramientas didácticas

El presente artículo parte de una filosofía pedagógica de software libre, donde consideramos que es necesario que, en el ámbito educativo, podamos avanzar hacia metodologías didácticas más innovadoras para dar respuesta a las actuales demandas en la sociedad del conocimiento. Así, las tecnologías basadas en sistemas de geolocalización y realidad aumentada son herramientas didácticas útiles para atender a los nuevos modelos de aprendizaje del alumnado de la era digital, favoreciendo modelos inclusivos e interculturales en los centros escolares mediante el acercamiento, la comunicación, el intercambio de información y experiencias entre países en entornos virtuales basados en mapas interactivos. También, vamos a exponer algunas experiencias que se vienen desarrollando en distintas epatas educativas, reflexionado sobre el potencial pedagógico de herramientas de cartografía digital desde una mirada educativa de carácter colaborativo e inclusivo

Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Cycloplatinated(II) Complexes Bearing Isocyanide and Alkynyl Ligands

Cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes havegained increasing interest during the last yearsdue to their rich chemistry and uniqueluminescent properties, making them suitablefor light emitting diodes (OLEDs),photocatalysis, bioimaging or chemicalsensors. However, there are very scarceantecedents of heteroleptic cycloplatinated(II)compounds with isocyanide and alkynylligands.1To expand this research, we aimed to prepare anew family of luminescent cycloplatinatedcomplexes with 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine(dfppy, a) and 4-(2-pyridyl)benzaldehyde(ppy-CHO, b) as cyclometalating ligands. Thealkynyl/tert-butyl isocyanide complexes[Pt(C^N)(CCR)(CNtBu)], bearing 4-ethynylanisole (2) and 2-ethynylthiophene (3)have obtained from the chloride derivatives[Pt(C^N)Cl(CNtBu)] (C^N = dfppy 1a, ppy-CHO 1b) using the Sonogashira protocol.These systems have been designed by takinginto account features that could make thesecomplexes interesting in biological studies.The complexes have been fully characterizedusing NMR spectroscopy together with X-raydiffraction. Their optical properties have beenstudied in detail and interpreted with the helpof TD-DFT calculations. The dfppy derivativesexhibit a mechanochromic behaviour, relatedto their strong tendency to form stackingstructures or aggregates by Pt···Pt and/or ···interactions

PDbm: People detection benchmark repository

This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in Electronics Letters and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital Library and IEEE XploreFollowing the approach of the change detection challenge, in order to facilitate the evaluation of new algorithms for people detection, a people detection benchmarking repository is presented. It includes realistic sequences, people detection ground truth and an evaluation framework. It will be updated based on received feedback, and will maintain a comprehensive ranking of submitted methods for years to come

Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus thirty-one years after Billroth II in a patient asking for diabetes surgery

Introduction: Diabetes surgery in obese and slim patients seems to be a superior alternative to the current medical treatment. Gastric bypass is an alternative treat- ment for diabetes. Nevertheless, there are still doubts whether diabetes can recur if you gain weight or if the effects are maintained over time. Other questions refer to the type of surgery to make the bypass limb length or reservoir size for the resolution of the Diabetes Mellitus. Presentation of case: Male patient 69-year-old came to us in order to perform tailored One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (BAGUA) to treat his type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. He has a history of peptic ulcer treated with subtotal gastrectomy and Billroth II recons- truction 49 years ago. He currently is not obese and deve- loped diabetes 31 years after surgery. Discussion: Globally there are no reports of patients with normal BMI that after performing gastric bypass developed diabetes mellitus. There are cases where obese diabetic patients after gastric bypass improve or remits the T2DM, but it relapses due to insufficient weight loss or gain it. The patient with gastric bypass Billroth II type, should not developed diabetes. He is normal weight and not had weight gain that could be linked to the develop- ment of diabetes. Conclusions: The results generated by bariatric surgery are encouraging, but still do not clarify the precise way how surgery produces rapid improvement of systemic metabolism as in diabetes, but in our patient, the effect was quite different because the gastric bypass had no protective effect against diabetes