Анализ пула потенциальных доноров Московской области и случаев изъятия органов для трансплантации, подвергшихся судебно-медицинскому исследованию в 2017 году

Aim: to analyze the pool of potential donors in the Moscow region from among the corpses received for forensic medical examination, the effectiveness of their use, the assessment of the participation of the forensic service in transplantation coordination.Materials and methods. The potential donors from among the dead persons in 2017 from various injuries were analyzed, the conclusions of forensic experts in cases of the removal of internal organs from the corpse were studied.Results. In 2017, 417 forensic examinations of corpses with open and closed isolated traumatic brain injuries received as a result of various injuries were conducted. 328 corpses of males and 89 females, dominated by the age group of 61 and above – 170 (40.7%). The period of hospitalization 2–7 days – 173 (41.8%). In addition, 76 cases of no traumatic hemorrhages in the brain and under the matter of the brain caused by diseases were studied, the age was more than 60 years – 41 (53.9%) prevailed. In 29 cases, internal organs were taken for transplantation. Such corpses were investigated in 15 forensic departments out of 47 (31.9%), which are part of 8 departments of the Ministry of health of the Moscow region out of 15. Among donors, the prevalence of men 27 (93%) over women 2 (7%) in the 31–60 age group is 19 (65.5%). 17 were diagnosed with brain death (58.6%) and 12 asystolic donors (41.4%). Multiorgan removal was carried out in 13 cases (44.8%), in 15 cases kidneys were removal (51.7%), 1 case of refusal of the removal after visual inspection of the extracted organ.Conclusion. The Analysis allows to estimation a possible pool of potential donors in the Moscow region, to correlate with the volume of removal organs, which indicates insufficient efficiency of their use. Insufficiently active participation of medical institutions of Administrations of transplantological coordination in the territory of the Moscow region correlates with participation of medico legal experts in this coordination. In the conclusions of the experts found no evidence of traumatic damage to the organ and the obstruction of the expert when giving answers to the questions of the investigatory organizations.Целью работы явился анализ пула потенциальных и эффективных доноров на территории Московской области из числа трупов, поступивших на судебно-медицинское исследование, эффективность использования донорского потенциала региона, возможности современной судебно-медицинской службы в организации эффективной трансплантационной координации.Материалы и методы. Проанализированы потенциальные доноры из числа лиц, погибших в 2017 году от различных травм, изучены заключения судебно-медицинских экспертов в случаях забора внутренних органов у трупа.Результаты. В 2017 году было проведено 417 судебно-медицинских исследований трупов с открытыми и закрытыми изолированными черепно-мозговыми травмами, полученными в результате различных травм: 328 трупов мужского пола и 89 – женского, преобладала возрастная группа от 61 и выше – 170 (40,7%). Продолжительность пребывания в стационаре 2–7 сут – 173 (41,8%). Помимо этого, исследовано 76 случаев нетравматических кровоизлияний в мозг и под оболочки мозга, вызванных заболеваниями, преобладал возраст свыше 60 лет – 41 (53,9%). В 29 случаях проводился забор внутренних органов для трансплантации. Такие трупы исследовались в 15 судебно-медицинских отделениях из 47 (31,9%), входящих в состав 9 управлений Министерства здравоохранения Московской области из 15. Среди доноров отмечалось преобладание мужчин (27, или 93%) над женщинами (2, или 7%) и возрастной категории от 31 до 60 лет – 19 (65,5%); 17 были с диагнозом «смерть мозга» (58,6%) и 12 – асистолические доноры (41,4%). Мультиорганный забор органов проведен в 13 случаях (44,8%), в 15 случаях изымались почки (51,7%), 1 случай – отказ от извлеченного органа после его визуального осмотра.Заключение. Анализ позволяет судить о возможном пуле потенциальных доноров на территории Московской области, соотношение количества потенциальных доноров и проведенных заборов органов указывает на недостаточную эффективность организации трансплантационной координации в медицинских организациях на территории Московской области. В заключениях экспертов не выявлено фактов травматического повреждения органов и затруднения эксперта при ответах на вопросы следственных органов

Design and Operation of Front-End Electronics for the HERA-B Muon Detector

We have implemented a cost-effective design for the readout electronics of both the anode wires and the cathode pads of large area proportional wire chambers for the HERA-B muon system based on the ASD-08 integrated circuit. To control and monitor the large number of readout channels, we have built a distributed control system based on Philips Semiconductors' I2C bus and microcontrollers. To date we have installed about 10800 channels of muon chambers and electronics. The average single channel noise occupancy is less than 10**-5, and the detectors have been operated with target interaction rates as high as 70 MHz

Beam Test Results of the LHCb Electromagnetic Calorimeter.

The main properties of the LHCb electromagnetic calorimeter and a prototype of the monitoring system was studied at the X7 CERN test-beam facility. A dedicated MC simulation for light propagation in the scintillator tiles was developed and tuned with experimental data

Study of Spin and Decay-Plane Correlations of W Bosons in the e+e- -> W+W- Process at LEP

Data collected at LEP at centre-of-mass energies \sqrt(s) = 189 - 209 GeV are used to study correlations of the spin of W bosons using e+e- -> W+W- -> lnqq~ events. Spin correlations are favoured by data, and found to agree with the Standard Model predictions. In addition, correlations between the W-boson decay planes are studied in e+e- -> W+W- -> lnqq~ and e+e- -> W+W- -> qq~qq~ events. Decay-plane correlations, consistent with zero and with the Standard Model predictions, are measured

Ultrarelativistic sources in nonlinear electrodynamics

The fields of rapidly moving sources are studied within nonlinear electrodynamics by boosting the fields of sources at rest. As a consequence of the ultrarelativistic limit the delta-like electromagnetic shock waves are found. The character of the field within the shock depends on the theory of nonlinear electrodynamics considered. In particular, we obtain the field of an ultrarelativistic charge in the Born-Infeld theory.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Measurement of the Cross Section for Open-Beauty Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP

The cross section for open-beauty production in photon-photon collisions is measured using the whole high-energy and high-luminosity data sample collected by the L3 detector at LEP. This corresponds to 627/pb of integrated luminosity for electron-positron centre-of-mass energies from 189GeV to 209GeV. Events containing b quarks are identified through their semi-leptonic decay into electrons or muons. The e+e- -> e+e-b b~X cross section is measured within our fiducial volume and then extrapolated to the full phase space. These results are found to be in significant excess with respect to Monte Carlo predictions and next-to-leading order QCD calculations

Search for Branons at LEP

We search, in the context of extra-dimension scenarios, for the possible existence of brane fluctuations, called branons. Events with a single photon or a single Z-boson and missing energy and momentum collected with the L3 detector in e^+ e^- collisions at centre-of-mass energies sqrt{s}=189-209$ GeV are analysed. No excess over the Standard Model expectations is found and a lower limit at 95% confidence level of 103 GeV is derived for the mass of branons, for a scenario with small brane tensions. Alternatively, under the assumption of a light branon, brane tensions below 180 GeV are excluded

Search for Charginos with a Small Mass Difference with the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle at \sqrt{s} = 189 GeV

A search for charginos nearly mass-degenerate with the lightest supersymmetric particle is performed using the 176 pb^-1 of data collected at 189 GeV in 1998 with the L3 detector. Mass differences between the chargino and the lightest supersymmetric particle below 4 GeV are considered. The presence of a high transverse momentum photon is required to single out the signal from the photon-photon interaction background. No evidence for charginos is found and upper limits on the cross section for chargino pair production are set. For the first time, in the case of heavy scalar leptons, chargino mass limits are obtained for any \tilde{\chi}^{+-}_1 - \tilde{\chi}^0_1 mass difference

Search for Low Scale Gravity Effects in e+e- Collisions at LEP

Recent theories propose that quantum gravity effects may be observable at LEP energies via gravitons that couple to Standard Model particles and propagate into extra spatial dimensions. The associated production of a graviton and a photon is searched for as well as the effects of virtual graviton exchange in the processes: e+e- -> gamma gamma, ZZ, WW, mu mu, tau tau, qq and ee No evidence for this new interaction is found in the data sample collected by the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies up to 183 GeV. Limits close to 1 TeV on the scale of this new scenario of quantum gravity are set

Scaling of Particle and Transverse Energy Production in 208Pb+208Pb collisions at 158 A GeV

Transverse energy, charged particle pseudorapidity distributions and photon transverse momentum spectra have been studied as a function of the number of participants (N_{part}) and the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions (N_{coll}) in 158 A GeV Pb+Pb collisions over a wide impact parameter range. A scaling of the transverse energy pseudorapidity density at midrapidity as N_{part}^{1.08 \pm 0.06} and N_{coll}^{0.83 \pm 0.05} is observed. For the charged particle pseudorapidity density at midrapidity we find a scaling as N_{part}^{1.07 \pm 0.04} and N_{coll}^{0.82 \pm 0.03}. This faster than linear scaling with N_{part} indicates a violation of the naive Wounded Nucleon Model.Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures, submitted to European Physical Journal C (revised results for scaling exponents